Enhanced Transepithelial Riboflavin Delivery Across the Cornea Using Magnetic Nanocarriers
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2025
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
Purpose: Keratoconus is a progressive corneal ectasia characterized by irregular astigmatism, leading to corneal scarring and decreased vision. Corneal cross-linking (CXL) is the standard treatment to halt disease progression, but its effectiveness in transepithelial (epithelium-on, epi-on) approaches is limited by the low permeability of the corneal epithelium to riboflavin (Rb). This study aimed to enhance transepithelial Rb penetration in ex vivo bovine corneas using Rb-modified tannic acid-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Rb-TA-SPIONs) under an external magnetic field.Methods: SPIONs were synthesized via co-precipitation, modified with TA and Rb, and characterized by physicochemical techniques. The average size of the Rb-TA-SPIONs was 46 +/- 5.3 nm, with a saturation magnetization of 55.9 emu/g. Ex vivo experiments involved the application of 0.1% Rb to bovine corneas, and penetration was evaluated under epi-on conditions with iontophoresis (1-5 mA, 5 min). In addition, a 0.1% Rb-containing nanocarrier solution was tested under magnetic fields of 1-300 Gauss.Results: Results showed increased Rb penetration with rising electric current density and Rb-TA-SPION penetration with stronger magnetic fields, compared with epi-on control groups. Specifically, Rb penetration increased from 0.036% (P <= 0.01) at 1 mA to 0.059% (P <= 0.001) at 5 mA in the iontophoresis group and from 0.035% (P <= 0.001) at 1 G to 0.054% (P <= 0.001) at 300 G in the magnetic group.Conclusion: These findings indicate that magnetic nanoparticle-assisted Rb delivery, guided by an external magnetic field, could improve potential CXL efficacy by enhancing Rb penetration and corneal permeability.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
keratoconus, riboflavin, magnetic nanoparticle, corneal crosslinking
Kaynak
Journal of Ocular Pharmacologyand Therapeutics
WoS Q Değeri
Q2
Scopus Q Değeri
Q1
Cilt
41
Sayı
3
