Assessment of heavy metals in agricultural soils and their source apportionment: a Turkish district survey
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2015
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Springer
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
This study aimed at investigating the impact of industrialization on the quality of agricultural soils in the district of Bandirma, Turkey, in terms of soil heavy metal contamination. Many soil and phosphogypsum samples were analyzed, and enrichment factors (EFs) were calculated. The average concentration gradient of metals in the soil (mg/kg) was As<Se<Sb<Pb<Co<Cd<V<Cu<Ni<Zn<Cr<P<Mn<Na<K<Mg<Fe<Ca<Al. According to the Pearson cross-correlation results for the element pairs of Fe-Mg (0.635), Fe-Cu (0.863), Fe-Cd (0.545), Cu-Cd (0.630), Mn-Cr (0.698), Mn-Al (0.523), Cr-Mg (0.543), Al-P (0.508), Na-K (0.616), and C-Zn (0.703), the metal enrichments in the soil were found to be moderately high and significant. In the majority of soil samples, Ni, Cu, Co, Zn, Se, Pb, and Cr were moderately enriched whereas Sb and Cd were extremely highly enriched. A factor analysis (FA) was applied to the cross-correlations of the elements to identify their sources. Six significant factors were extracted with the help of FA, explaining 77.22 % of the total variance, and the elements loaded on these factors were interpreted. The evaluations of the factors showed that the study area has been exposed to heavy metal pollution from anthropogenic sources considering the high levels of Cr, Cd, Cu, P, V, Zn, Ni, Sb, and Pb in the soil and the higher EFs falling in the range of 2.54-372.87. Moreover, the soil concentrations of Mn, Mg, Co, Al, K, and Ca were also high, but they were of lithogenic in origin according to the FA.
Açıklama
Taspinar, Fatih/0000-0002-5908-8188
WOS: 000349434900044
PubMed: 25663407
WOS: 000349434900044
PubMed: 25663407
Anahtar Kelimeler
Heavy metals, Soil pollution, Phosphogypsum, Factor analysis, Enrichment factor
Kaynak
Environmental Monitoring And Assessment
WoS Q Değeri
Q3
Scopus Q Değeri
Q2
Cilt
187
Sayı
3
