Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using sumac fruit by microwave and traditional methods: characterization, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities

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dc.contributor.authorHinis, Melek
dc.contributor.authorYesildal, Tugce Karaduman
dc.contributor.authorErdonmez, Demet
dc.contributor.authorMentes, Ayfer
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T11:39:14Z
dc.date.available2026-07-01T11:39:14Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentDüzce Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractGreen synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) was carried out with sumac fruit extract using a microwave-assisted (MWA) method and a traditional method (TDM). The properties of nanoparticles synthesized by both methods were characterized and When creating Ag-NPs, variables like temperature, pH, reaction duration, extract concentration, and silver ion concentration were considered. The production of Ag-NPs was confirmed by ultraviolet-visible spectra that displayed the surface plasmon resonance band centered at 433 and 436 nm in the MWA and TDM techniques, respectively. The results of the scanning electron microscopy/energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis indicated that the nanoparticles were spherical in structure and that the amount of Ag was significantly higher than that of other elements. According to transmission electron microscopy analysis, particle sizes were 22 nm with the TDM method, while particle sizes were 41.85 nm with the MWA method. However, the MWA method had more uniformly dispersed and homogeneous particle sizes. Conductivity measurements of Ag-NPs solutions were obtained following each cycle of washing. Subsequent to 3 cycles of washing, the conductivity approached that of deionized water, indicating the effective removal of unreacted ions. In our study, a significant increase was detected in the antibacterial and antifungal activities of Ag-NPs. Furthermore, both Ag-NPs inhibited the proliferation of HT-29 cells and showed a selective anticancer effect against intestinal cancer cells without showing toxicity (all cell viability values >70%) to healthy control L929 fibroblast cells. This study is the first comparative analysis of TDM and MWA methods using sumac for both antimicrobial and anticancer assessment.
dc.description.sponsorshipAksaray University Research Fund [2023-017] -- Sumac was authenticated by botanist Professor Mehtap Teksen and a voucher specimen (number 3980) (AKSU) was deposited in the herbarium of the University of Aksaray (Turkiye) . We are grateful to the Aksaray University Research Fund for the financial support of this study (project number: 2023-017) .
dc.identifier.doi10.55730/1300-0527.3751
dc.identifier.issn1300-0527
dc.identifier.issue5
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-3946-4075
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-6618-3992
dc.identifier.pmid41230213
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105021603919
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ3
dc.identifier.trdizinid1392063
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0527.3751
dc.identifier.urihttps://search.trdizin.gov.tr/tr/yayin/detay/1392063
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12684/23176
dc.identifier.volume49
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001603634700002
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakTR-Dizin
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherTubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey
dc.relation.ispartofTurkish Journal of Chemistry
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260623
dc.subjectAntimicrobial
dc.subjectAnticancer
dc.subjectGreen Synthesis
dc.subjectSilver
dc.subjectSumac
dc.subjectMicrowave-Assisted Synthesis
dc.titleGreen synthesis of silver nanoparticles using sumac fruit by microwave and traditional methods: characterization, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities
dc.typeArticle

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