TR-Dizin İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu
Bu koleksiyon için kalıcı URI
Güncel Gönderiler
Öğe Scale-Up of a Medicinal and Aromatic Plant-Based Shampoo Formulation: Physicochemical Quality, Microbiological Safety, and Stability Analyses(2026) Dikmen Küçük, Sibel; Karadeniz, BesteThis study investigated the scale-up process of a plant-based shampoo formulation developed for dry and damaged hair, evaluating its quality, safety, and stability parameters across laboratory, pilot, and industrial production scales. The formulation comprised nonionic and amphoteric surfactants (decyl glucoside, coco glucoside, cocamidopropyl betaine), moisturizing and antistatic agents (D-panthenol, sodium lactate), plant-derived keratin, and essential oils of medicinal lavender and rosemary. The formulation was initially developed at a 100 mL laboratory scale. Following systematic optimization of process parameters—including mixing speed, mixing time, phase addition sequence, and mechanical stirring conditions—the formulation was successfully scaled to a 3,000 mL pilot scale and subsequently to a 40,000 mL industrial production scale. Physicochemical parameters including pH, viscosity, and density were monitored at each stage using calibrated instrumentation: a digital pH meter, a Brookfield-type rotational viscometer, and volumetric density calculations. Microbiological safety and antimicrobial efficacy assessments were conducted on the industrial-scale batch in accordance with relevant ISO standards. Microbiological analyses included total aerobic mesophilic microorganism enumeration and screening for Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Preservative system efficacy was evaluated via challenge testing per TS EN ISO 11930, with logarithmic reductions in microbial counts recorded. Accelerated stability studies encompassing varied temperature, centrifugation, and storage conditions confirmed consistent pH, viscosity, physical appearance, and microbiological integrity throughout. The results demonstrated that the formulation retained its physicochemical characteristics across all production scales while meeting microbiological safety requirements. These findings highlight the industrial scalability of naturally derived hair care formulations and emphasize the critical role of rigorous quality control protocols in cosmetic manufacturing.Öğe A Comparative Study on the Biological Activities of a Synthetic Peptide (Acetyl Hexapeptide-3) and a Natural Bee Product (Apilarnil): Antioxidant Capacity, Enzyme Inhibitory Activities, and Cytotoxicity(2026) Dikmen Küçük, Sibel; Kekecoğlu, MeralSkin aging involves the progressive dysregulation of extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes and oxidative stress pathways, driving demand for biologically characterized cosmeceutical ingredients. This study provides the first direct comparative evaluation of apilarnil — a lyophilized drone larvae-derived bee product (Apis mellifera) — and acetyl hexapeptide-3 (Argireline®; Ac-Glu-Glu-Met-Gln-Arg-Arg-NH?), a synthetic neurotransmitter inhibitor peptide, with respect to total antioxidant capacity, elastase, collagenase, and human tyrosinase inhibitory activities, and cytotoxicity toward HaCaT human keratinocytes. Compositional characterization of apilarnil revealed a protein-rich profile (42.67 g/100 g) containing 16 amino acids, multiple vitamins, and mineral constituents. Acetyl hexapeptide-3 exhibited significantly higher total antioxidant capacity (5304.7 ± 103.9 µM Trolox equivalents) compared to apilarnil (645.3 ± 23.3 µM TE; p < 0.001), attributable to the abundance of electron-donating residues in its defined sequence. Acetyl hexapeptide-3 also produced potent, concentration-dependent inhibition of elastase (IC?? = 1.534 mg/mL) and collagenase (IC?? = 0.00811 mg/mL), whereas apilarnil displayed a biphasic hormetic dose–response for both enzymes, with low-dose activation followed by high-dose inhibition. Neither compound inhibited human tyrosinase at the tested concentrations. Cytotoxicity assessment demonstrated that apilarnil was non-toxic across all tested concentrations (0.3125–20 mg/mL; viability >90%), while acetyl hexapeptide-3 exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxicity (CC?? = 5.34% v/v). These findings reveal complementary bioactivity profiles between the two compounds and provide a biological rationale for their combined use in cosmeceutical formulations.Öğe Exploring School Principals' Leadership Strategies to Enhance Teacher Well-Being: A Case Study of a Disadvantaged School in Turkiye(Ani Publishing, 2025) Kilinc, Ali Cagatay; Savas, Gokhan; Atmaca, Taner; Dolapci, Erhan; Cevik, SalihThis qualitative case study examines the leadership strategies of a primary school principal in promoting teacher well-being within a disadvantaged part of T & uuml;rkiye. Employing Leithwood's (2012) school leadership framework as a theoretical base, our study aims to uncover the leadership strategies employed by a school principal to enhance teacher well-being. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 staff members from the case study school, including the principal, two assistant principals, and eight teachers. Data analysis provided valuable insights into the leadership strategies employed by the principal to influence teacher well-being. Findings suggest that principals play a pivotal role in fostering teacher well-being by providing clear direction ,fostering professional development, creating a supportive organizational climate, and enhancing instructional practices. The study adds nuance to the global school leadership literature by underscoring the importance of effective leadership in promoting teacher well-being in disadvantaged school contexts and offers implications for practice and policyÖğe The Relationship Between Demographic and Academic Characteristics and Tax Awareness and Compliance2(Sosyoekonomi Soc, 2025) Yelman, Ercan; Inal, VeyselThis study examines the role of demographic and academic characteristics in university students' tax awareness and compliance. Aiming to contribute to the gaps in the literature, especially in explaining the impact of the field of education on tax behaviour, the study empirically reveals the determinant role of academic disciplines on tax compliance. Data collected from 521 students through questionnaires were analysed using statistical methods such as the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Levene test, Independent Sample t-test, ANOVA, Welch test, Games-Howell post-hoc test and Kruskal-Wallis test. The findings show that demographic and most academic variables do not affect tax awareness and compliance, but students' majors significantly affect tax compliance. This emphasises the importance of discipline-specific education for fiscal responsibility.Öğe Quality Assessment of YouTube Videos on Transperineal Prostate Biopsy: A Systematic Content Analysis(Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2025) Basaran, Ekrem; Balik, Ahmet Yildirim; Savran, Burcu; Ozturk, Funda Ulu; Tezcan, Sehnaz; Ozturk, ErdemObjective: This study aimed to evaluate the quality, reliability, and educational value of YouTube videos related to transperineal prostate biopsy (TPB), an increasingly adopted diagnostic approach in urology. Method: This was a descriptive and analytical content analysis. In this study, a systematic YouTube search was conducted using predefined keywords. Videos were included if they were in English, 1-10 minutes in length, and featured audio narration. A total of 21 videos met the inclusion criteria. Video quality was assessed using the BAUS scoring system, the DISCERN instrument, and the Global Quality Score (GQS). Results: Among the analyzed videos, 28.6% were classified as reliable and 71.4% as unreliable. Reliable videos had significantly higher BAUS (p<0.001), DISCERN (p=0.014), and GQS (p<0.001) scores. No significant differences were observed in popularity metrics between groups. The majority of reliable videos were produced by universities or non-profit organizations, yet 68.8% of institution-based videos were still classified as unreliable. Conclusions: YouTube videos on transperineal prostate biopsy generally exhibited low educational quality and reliability. Institutional affiliation did not guarantee content quality. There is a pressing need for structured, evidence-based, and patient-centered educational video content. Healthcare professionals and institutions must take active responsibility in producing reliable digital resources for patient education.Öğe Retinopathy in Individuals With and Without Prediabetes: A Prospective Clinic-Based Comparative Study(Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2025) Altuntas, Ecem; Kaya, Abdulkadir; Sezer, TahaObjective: Prediabetes is an intermediate state of hyperglycemia that does not reach the diagnostic limits of diabetes mellitus (DM). Retinopathy, a chronic microvascular complication of DM, is the most common cause of preventable blindness in people aged 20-65. This study aimed to investigate the presence of retinopathy in individuals with and without prediabetes. Method: The study included 56 patients diagnosed with prediabetes, who visited the periodic health examination outpatient clinic of a hospital between April and September 2022, and 47 people without a diagnosis of prediabetes or diabetes, regardless of their additional chronic diseases. Measurements taken included weight, Body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumference, and systolic-diastolic blood pressure, along with various laboratory tests. Each patient underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, which included assessments of visual acuity, intraocular pressure, anterior segment and fundus examinations, and measurements of central foveal thickness (CFT) and mean foveal thickness (MFT) using Spectral field optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Results: Diabetic retinopathy was found in 1 of the 56 prediabetic patients, and hypertensive retinopathy in 2 patients. In the non-prediabetic group, no diabetic retinopathy was found, but hypertensive retinopathy was present in 2 individuals. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of retinopathy between the prediabetic and non-prediabetic groups (p=0.796). Conclusions: The study observed no significant difference in the incidence of diabetic retinopathy between patients with and without prediabetes. However, maintaining blood pressure regulation, monitoring lipid panels, and controlling weight in prediabetic patients are crucial to preventing the progression to DM.Öğe Relationship between Serum Homocysteine Levels and Disease Activity in Patients with Fibromyalgia(Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2025) Samanci, Rumeysa; Akpinar, Merve Dede; Samanci, Volkan Murat; Ataoglu, Safinaz; Sultanoglu, Tuba ErdemObjective: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a rheumatic disorder characterized by a wide spectrum of symptoms. Elevated homocysteine (Hcy) levels have been associated with a variety of conditions including renal dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, vitiligo, cancer, diabetes, ischemic stroke, epilepsy, dementia, autism, and various neurological disorders. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the role of Hcy in the etiology of FMS and its relationship with disease activity. Method: This study included 42 female patients diagnosed with FMS according to the American College of Rheumatology 2010 criteria, along with 20 age-matched healthy female controls. Detailed medical history and sociodemographic data were collected from all participants. Hemogram, routine biochemical tests, vitamin B12, folic acid, thyroid function tests, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), 25-hydroxy vitamin D, and serum Hcy levels were recorded from medical files in both groups. Results: Serum Hcy, CRP, and ESR levels were significantly higher in the FMS group compared to controls (p=0.003, p=0.004, and p=0.011, respectively). However, no statistically significant correlation was found between Hcy levels and Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, Visual Analog Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, or Short Form-36 scores. Conclusions: FMS is a complex disease with an unclear etiology. Considering that FMS affects multiple systems and that Hcy plays a role in various physiological processes, further comprehensive studies are warranted to elucidate the relationship between FMS and Hcy.Öğe A Study of MMP-1 and TGF-β Levels in Lumbar Disc Herniation Patients With and Without Traditional Medical Practices(Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2025) Polat, Omer; Coskun, Sinem Kantarcioglu; Kilic, GuvenAim: Chronic and recurrent low back pain resulting from lumbar disc disease significantly impacts patients' quality of life and psychological well-being. Patients may seek traditional treatments for pain relief. This study aimed to investigate and evaluate the effect of utilizing or not utilizing traditional medical practices (TMPs) inApatients who have undergone surgery for lumbar disc herniation, by examining samples of the disc and ligamentum flavum. Material and Methods: A total of 46 patients, 28 (60.9%) male and 18 (39.1%) female, who underwent surgical treatment for lumbar disc herniation were included in the study. The patients' data were retrieved retrospectively from the patient registry system. Immunohistochemical staining was performed and evaluated on the disk and ligamentum flavum samples removed during the surgical procedure. Results: Of the 46 patients included in the study, 21 (45.6%) Ahad undergone TMPs, Awhile 25 (54.4%) Ahad not. The levels of MMP-1 and TGF-(3 of patients who underwent TMPs were significantly higher in both flavum (both p<0.001) and disk (p=0.014 and p=0.020, respectively) samples. When analyzing the immunohistochemical staining scores, it was found that MMP-1 staining scores were higher in the flavum (p<0.001) Aand disk (p=0.002) samples of patients who underwent TMPs. Conclusion: The notion that TMPs are suitable methods for all ailments is a significant misconception. This study emphasizes the importance of accurately informing the public about TMPs, given their increasing prevalence in Turkish society. There is a need for further controlled clinical studies to investigate which method can be used for which disease.Öğe Comparison of Range of Motion Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Open-Door Laminoplasty or Posterior Cervical Fusion Surgery for Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy(Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2025) Ozdemir, Burak; Tuncer, Cengiz; Aydin, Levent; Altas, Kadir; Basaran, Recep; Musluman, Ahmet MuratAim: This study aimed to compare neurological and functional outcomes, including cervical range of motion (ROM), inApatients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) who underwent either open-door laminoplasty (LP) or posterior cervical fusion (PCF) surgery. Material and Methods: This retrospective, single-center study included 38 patients, 11 female and 27 male, diagnosed with CSM and OPLL who underwent LP (n=20) or PCF (n=18) between 2014 and 2016. AClinical outcomes were assessed using the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA), visual analog scale (VAS), and Nurick scores. Cervical ROM values, including flexion, Aextension, lateral flexion, and rotation, were measured preoperatively and six months postoperatively in collaboration with physical therapy specialists. Results: Both LP and PCF groups showed significant postoperative improvement in JOA, VAS, and Nurick scores (all p<0.001), Awith no significant differences between groups (p=0.405, p=0.708, and p=0.963, respectively). Cervical ROM values significantly decreased in all directions postoperatively in both groups. Flexion (p<0.001), Aleft lateral flexion (p=0.007), and left rotation (p=0.003) Adeclined more severely in the PCF group, whereas the difference between groups did not reach statistical significance level in extension (p=0.105), right lateral flexion (p=0.065), and right rotation (p=0.067). Conclusion: LP and PCF offer similar neurological recovery inApatients with CSM. However, LP better preserves postoperative cervical ROM. Despite the observed ROM reduction, daily functional activities remained largely unaffected. Long-term, larger studies are recommended for further validate these findings.Öğe Short-Term Outcomes of Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty in Patients with Cuff Tear Arthropathy and Complex Proximal Humerus Fractures(Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2025) Karaduman, Zekeriya OkanAim: This study aimed to evaluate the short-term clinical and functional outcomes of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) inApatients with cuff tear arthropathy and complex proximal humeral fractures. Material and Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on 15 patients who underwent RSA between January 2019 and July 2024 at a single tertiary center. Clinical evaluations were performed preoperatively and at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Pain was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS), and functional status was measured using the quick disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (Quick DASH) questionnaire. Shoulder range of motion (ROM) was recorded in abduction, flexion, and external rotation. Internal rotation was assessed by the vertebral level reached. Results: The mean age was 74.3 +/- 6.8 years, and 80% (n=12) of the patients were female. Cuff tear arthropathy was the most common indication (86.7%, n=13). At 6 months postoperatively, the mean VAS score improved significantly from 7.9 +/- 1.2 to 2.3 +/- 1.1 (p<0.001), while the Quick DASH score decreased from 78.2 +/- 6.5 to 27.6 +/- 9.3 (p<0.001). Abduction and flexion increased from 68.4 +/- 17.3 degrees and 71.2 +/- 16.1 degrees to 115.6 +/- 21.2 degrees and 105.7 +/- 18.5 degrees postoperatively, respectively (p<0.001). No major complications were observed during follow-up. Conclusion: RSA provides substantial short-term improvements in pain reduction, functional capacity, and ROM in a rare and complex patient group. These findings support its use as a reliable surgical option in carefully selected cases with irreparable rotator cuff pathology and complex fractures.Öğe A Newly Identified Mutation in the WT1 Gene in Denys-Drash Syndrome(Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2025) Sav, Nadide Melike; Ozdemir, Zeynep Canan; Aslan, Huseyin; Ozdemir, Muhsin; Yildiz, Bilal; Bor, OzcanDenys-Drash syndrome (DDS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by genital abnormalities, nephropathy, and Wilms' tumor (WT), typically caused by heterozygous mutations in the Wilms' tumor suppressor 1 (WT1) gene. Here, a 2-year-old male admitted with fever and abdominal pain was presented. Physical examination revealed ambiguous genitalia and a palpable abdominal mass. Imaging identified a heterogeneous mass in the left kidney, consistent with WT. AGenetic analysis detected a novel heterozygous frameshift mutation in exon 8 of the WT1 gene [p.H245Tfs*2 (c.1393delC)]. WT is the most common renal tumor in children and is frequently associated with WT1 gene mutations in DDS. Given the early onset and severity of symptoms, early genetic screening for WT1 gene mutations should be considered inApatients admitted with ambiguous genitalia and nephrotic syndrome. This case contributes to the understanding of WT1 gene mutations and highlights the importance of molecular analysis in children with genitourinary anomalies.Öğe Elevated Cadmium Levels in Dialysis Patients and Their Links to Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Malnutrition(Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2025) Onec, Kursad; Erten, Yasemin; Pasaoglu, Ozge Tugce; Ebinc, Fatma Ayerden; Okyay, Gulay Ulusal; Inal, Salih; Deger, Serpil MugeAim: This study aimed to compare blood cadmium (Cd) levels between hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and healthy controls, and to evaluate the associations between Cd levels and inflammatory, oxidative, and nutritional markers. Material and Methods: Sixty-one dialysis patients (31 HD, 30 PD) and 15 healthy controls were included in this cross-sectional study. Whole-blood Cd was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry and corrected for hemoglobin (cCd). Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA), and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) were analyzed as indicators of inflammation and oxidative stress. Results: Both whole-blood Cd and cCd levels were significantly higher in both HD and PD patients compared with healthy controls (p=0.021 and p=0.001, respectively), while no statistically significant difference was observed between the two dialysis modalities. Correlation analyses demonstrated that Cd levels were positively correlated with inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, including IL-6 (rs=0.338, p=0.003), hs-CRP (rs=0.464, p=0.001), MDA (rs=0.464, p=0.001), and AOPP (rs=0.454, p<0.001). In contrast, cCd levels showed a significant negative correlation with serum albumin concentrations (rs=-0.454, p=0.001). Conclusion: Cd accumulation is markedly increased in dialysis patients regardless of treatment modality and is closely linked to systemic inflammation, oxidative damage, and reduced nutritional status. Environmental Cd exposure may represent an under-recognized contributor to adverse clinical outcomes in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and preventive strategies to minimize Cd burden may help improve prognosis in this population.Öğe On Heidegger's Concept of the Body from Being and Time to Zollikon Seminars(Beytulhikme Felsefe Cevresi, 2025) Esenyel, Zeynep zaferThis study examines the ontological status of the concept of the body in Martin Heidegger's thought and the transformation of this concept between Being and Time (1927) and the Zollikon Seminars (1959-1969). In Being and Time, Heidegger restricts corporeality to a merely spatial reference and excludes the body from phenomenological analysis. This position has led to criticism that he did not assign sufficient importance to the body and even he lacked a deep understanding of its philosophical significance. However, nearly thirty years later, in the Zollikon Seminars, Heidegger returns to the question of corporeality and, in an attempt to transcend current understandings of the body, develops his own conceptualization, differing from the terminology he used in Being and Time. In this context, by referring to the body as the bodying body/bodying forth with the concept of Leiben, Heidegger aims to move beyond not only the Cartesian mind-body conception but also the Husserlian Leib-K & ouml;rper distinction. The aim of this study is to argue that Heidegger's initial silence on the body in Being and Time does not stem from an inability to grasp the significance of corporeality, but rather from a conscious decision to avoid engaging with the issue prematurely through reductive concepts. In this context, we will argue that Heidegger deliberately chose to wait until he had matured enough to develop the concept of Leiben. By articulating the concept of Leiben, Heidegger finds a way to think of the body as one of the essential dimensions of Dasein, as the ground for our understanding of both ourselves and the world. Accordingly, one of the aims of this study is also to elucidate the ontological context of the body's relation to Being, and to explore how our bodily self-awareness affects the way we perceive the world.Öğe Experiencing the End of Philosophy: An Evaluation on the Possibility of a New Beginning in Heidegger(Beytulhikme Felsefe Cevresi, 2025) Esenyel, AdnanDespite the negative connotation of the term end of philosophy regarding the history of philosophy, Heidegger thinks that it is essential to obtain an authentic experience of this end. Because the end of philosophy does not simply implies that Western metaphysics is coming to an end and scientific-technological paradigm gains power, but this end is essentially related to the revelation of man's possibilities on earth and regaining his existential openness. For this reason, the current study aims to make visible the styles of thinking contained in this end by following Heidegger's attitude in order to reveal the possibility of a multi-layered experience regarding the end of philosophy. In this context this study tries, to illuminate the originary relationship of Western philosophy with modern sciences and to evaluate the idea of a new beginning that will transcend traditional philosophy. The study ultimately raises some questions arising from Heidegger's alternative to the traditional way of doing philosophy.Öğe THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE RESILIENCE ON BANKS' FINANCIAL STABILITY(Economic and Financial Research Assoc - Efad, 2025) Altinisik, Esengul Ozdemir; Yildiz, MelekThe increasing volume of global trade driven by production and consumption following the Industrial Revolution has negatively impacted the socioeconomic environment. In response to climate risks, the globalized industry is seeking sustainable and green financial methods. For sustainable financial stability, climate change risks must be considered, and financial systems must limit their regulations within legal frameworks. In this context, the primary objective of this study is to examine the impact of countries' resilience and adaptation capacity to the adverse impacts of climate change on the stability of the banking sector. In the model constructed for this purpose, the bank Z-score is used as the dependent variable representing banks' financial stability, while the climate resilience index (CRI), carbon emissions (CO2), economic growth (GDPG), economic freedom index (EFI), and political stability and absence of violence/terrorism (PS) are used as independent variables. The AMG test, a modern estimator that takes into account heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence, was applied to a large panel of 96 countries. The analysis findings indicate that countries' resilience and adaptation capacity to climate change positively impact the stability of the banking sector. Economic growth has also been found to have an improving effect on the financial stability of the banking sector.Öğe Sustainability of Islamic Finance: A Study on Sharī'ah Boards(Anadolu Ilahiyat Akademisi, 2025) Cevherli, FeyzaPurpose: Shari'ah boards are one of the cornerstones of the Islamic financial system. This study aims to analyze the extent to which Shari'ah boards align with sustainable finance principles. The research focuses on the issue that Shari'ah boards are generally considered to provide only provide legal legitimacy, with their contribution to sustainability principles having not been sufficiently explored in the literature. Within this framework, the study seeks to reposition Shari'ah councils as governance bodies that align with values such as ethics, transparency, accountability, and social responsibility. Method: Qualitative research methods were employed, with document analysis used as the data collection technique. Data obtained from primary sources such as fatwas, standards, reports, and strategy documents published by Shari'a councils were evaluated using thematic analysis. Statements related to sustainability in the documents were classified under themes such as reliability, social welfare, education, institutional transparency, environmental awareness and accountability. Findings: The councils were categorized according to their functional characteristics as either international regulatory and supervisory bodies, international standard-setting bodies, or national regulatory and supervisory bodies. This establishes a basis for comparative and thematic analysis. The findings reveal that Shari'ah boards contribute to the long-term sustainability of Islamic finance in terms of both fiqh compliance and also in terms of governance, social welfare, and environmental responsibility. Conclusion: This study makes a unique contribution to sustainability-focused Shari'ah board reviews focused on sustainability, based on document analysis, a topic which is underrepresented in the Turkish literature. Additionally, by emphasising the potential role of Shari'ah councils to influence the development of Islamic finance into a more ethical, fair, and socially beneficial system, the study offers a conceptual framework for broadening the traditional remit of these councils.Öğe The Relationship Between Political Fragmentation and Hegemony Among Muslim States(Anadolu Ilahiyat Akademisi, 2025) Oztop, Mustafa; Celik, Ahmet HusrevPurpose: The objective of this study is to ascertain the manner in which substantial political disagreements among Muslim states influnce their interactions with hegemonic powers. The issue of political political fragmentation among Muslim states has been addressed within the scope of issues that are more frequently seen and prominent among them. The issue has been classified into five main elements. The elements in question are class power struggles, the search for political authority, sectarianism, ethnic-based problems, and border issues. Method: The present study analyses the observed issues of disagreement observed among Muslim states and the consequences of these disagreements, through the theoretical frameworks of hegemony and dependency in international relations. The concept of central hegemony, was employed in order to facilitate a combined evaluation of hegemony and dependency theories in this particular analysis. The study incorporated a comprehensive literature review and meticulous document analysis, ancompassing the discordances and challenges encountered among Muslim states. The text/document analysis technique a hallmark of qualitative data analysis was meticulously employed to scrutinize the data obtained. Findings: The study also includes assessments of the relationship between the problems frequently encountered among Muslim states and authoritarian regimes, and how Muslim states can assert themselves against central hegemony. Furthermore, an attempt has been made to explain how the fluctuations between the efforts of authoritarian regimes in some Muslim states to maintain their power and the desire to reflect the expectations of the people in their governance have evolved. Conclusion: It has been determined that political disagreements among Muslim states fuel the functioning of the current international system, which pushes these states into a position of otherness, and significantly negatively impacts their own existence. The political disagreements among Muslim states have been shown to engender a scenario in which third parties are the beneficiaries, whilst Muslim states are compelled to make further concessions to said third parties. It has been posited that, in order to extricate themselves from this predicament, Muslim states should seek solutions to their disagreements without the mediation or intervention of a hegemonic power. Another hypothesis suggests that, in lieu of seeking solutions within a system where they are percieved as the other and dominated by hegemonic actors, Muslim states would be better off establishing alternative umbrella institutions and organizations to resolve their own issues.Öğe DEEP LEARNING APPROACHES IN PRECISION AGRICULTURE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF CROP CLASSIFICATION, DISEASE DETECTION, AND WEED DETECTION TECHNIQUES(Konya Teknik Univ, 2025) Albayrak, Ahmet; Kuran, Emre Can; Kayaalp, FatihThis paper presents a systematic and comprehensive review of deep learning (DL) methodologies used in precision agriculture (PA). It focuses on three critical application areas in particular: plant classification, plant disease detection, and weed detection. The study covers 93 peer-reviewed papers published between 2020 and 2025 and indexed in the SCI and SCI-Expanded indexed WoS database. Of these, 68 studies addressed disease detection, 13 focused on plant classification, and 12 examined weed detection strategies. The review describes a wide range of DL architectures, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Residual Networks (ResNet), You Only Look Once (YOLO), Image Transformers (ViT), and various hybrid frameworks. A large number of models demonstrated exceptional performance with classification accuracies reaching up to 99.64% and precision and sensitivity values exceeding 98%. Studies have evaluated a wide range of datasets such as PlantVillage, COCO, and privately acquired RGB/UAV imagery, and a variety of sensor platforms such as drones, smartphones, hyperspectral, and LiDAR systems. Moreover, transfer learning and ensemble learning approaches have been frequently adopted to enhance generalization capabilities and model robustness. The integration of DL models with advanced technologies such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), unmanned ground robots (UGRs), depth-sensing cameras, and mobile-based platforms facilitates automation in agricultural monitoring, disease diagnosis, and yield prediction. This review not only consolidates the current technological developments, but also analyzes the emerging trends, methodological gaps, and possible directions for the advancement of sustainable, data-driven agricultural systems using artificial intelligence.Öğe Charge asymmetry phenomenon for the leptonically decaying W γ pair at NNLO QCD(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2025) Saygin, KadirThe paper presents for the first time a phenomenological assessment which focuses on the charge asymmetry phenomenon for the W gamma production process with subsequent leptonic decay modes W+gamma-+ l+nu l gamma and W-gamma-+ l-nul gamma in proton-proton ( pp) collisions. Charge asymmetry for the leptonic W gamma process is predicted by the inclusion of genuine next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) corrections in the QCD perturbation theory. NNLO predictions of asymmetry distributions are assessed for the key observables, including the decay lepton and photon pseudorapidities eta l and eta gamma , respectively, and the lepton-photon pseudorapidity correlation triangle eta(l, gamma). The predictions are presented by focusing on realistic fiducial phase-space definitions in comparison at various pp-collision energies of 13 TeV, 14 TeV, and 100 TeV. The sensitivity of the predicted asymmetry distributions to an important observation known as radiation amplitude zero in the W gamma process is reported. The asymmetry distribution for the triangle eta(l, gamma) is shown to be important for probing the radiation-zero effect in the presence of high-transverse momentum photons. The impact of imposing jet veto for the final state of the W gamma process on the asymmetry distributions is reported for future pp-collision energies. Prospects of phase-space definitions including a jet veto and harder-photon recoil are discussed to compensate for the negative impact of increasing collision energy on the asymmetry distributions. The charge asymmetry distributions are proposed as sensitive observables that offer a unique opportunity for stringent tests of the SM and represent a novel method for probing departure from the SM in indirect searches for new-physics effects, independently from the existing direct searches for anomalous WW gamma coupling regarding the W gamma final state.Öğe Rational use of intensive care beds in Turkey: Point prevalence survey study(Turkish Society Intensive Care, 2025) Utku, Tughan; Demirkiran, Oktay; Demirag, Kubilay; Turan, Guldem; Demiraran, Yavuz; Gul, Fethi; Tatlisuluoglu, DeryaObjective: The limitation or withdrawal of futile treatment is widely accepted in the intensive care and medical ethics literature. However, implementing this in clinical practice is often difficult. The aim of the study is to understand the situation of non-indicated admissions and treatments in ICU beds in our country, as well as the doctors' approaches to this issue. Materials and Methods: The study is planned as a one-day point prevalence survey consisting of 35 questions (Google Survey form) to be conducted on January 18, 2024. The study is based on two main topics: the proportion of patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) without indication and the reasons for it, and the proportion of patients who receive futile treatment in the ICU, as well as identifying the views and recommendations of ICU doctors on these issues. Results: A total of 127 doctors working in the ICU participated in the study. Among the participants, 58 reported that 10% of their patients, and 27 reported that 20% of their patients could not be transferred to the wards despite no longer needing ICU care. Due to the lack of available beds in the relevant clinics, 92 physicians stated that patient stays were extended by 1-5 days, and 21 physicians reported an extension of 6-10 days. In cases where transfer to palliative care services was not possible, 50 physicians indicated that 10% of their patients, 26 physicians indicated that 20%, and 21 physicians indicated that 30% of their patients remained in the ICU. Forty physicians reported a waiting time of more than 20 days for palliative care service. All physicians stated that futile treatments were being administered in the intensive care unit. Only 8.7% of the physicians reported that the patient was not in the terminal stage. Conclusion: Useless treatment that prevents rational bed use in intensive care units; It is a preventable situation with solutions in the light of correct analysis of the problems.
