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Evaluation of COVID-19 patients receiving long-term oxygen support in the post-COVID period
(Kare Publ, 2024) Turan, Muzaffer Onur; Bozkus, Fulsen; Batum, Ozguer; Alkan, Aycan; Kabalak, Pinar Akin; Alkilinc, Ersin; Soyler, Yasemin
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Persistent physical and medical sequelae, including chronic hypoxemia, may be observed in patients with long-lasting post-COVID syndrome. Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) is commonly employed for managing chronic hypoxemia in chronic airway diseases. This study aims to assess the ongoing requirement for LTOT in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients during the post-COVID period and to ascertain the persistence of their oxygen therapy needs. METHODS: This cross-sectional, multicentered study included 320 COVID-19 patients who were evaluated for LTOT two months post-discharge. Patient demographics, symptoms at admission, and laboratory and radiological data were retrospectively collected from hospital databases. RESULTS: Continuous oxygen support was necessary for 22.9% of the patients, while 15% of the participants passed away during the post-COVID period. Factors significantly associated with the prolonged need for LTOT included admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), presence of anemia, high serum D-dimer levels (>1000 mu g/L), and low oxygen saturation levels at hospital admission (p=0.026, p=0.011, p=0.010, and p<0.001, respectively). Multivariable regression analysis identified high D-dimer levels (p=0.012) and low oxygen saturation at admission (p<0.001) as the most significant predictors of a continued need for oxygen therapy. Furthermore, advanced age, non-use of steroids in treatment, and mechanical ventilation during hospitalization were significantly linked to mortality during the post-COVID period (p=0.003, p=0.048, and p=0.009, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: ICU admission and certain laboratory parameters can predict the need for LTOT during the post-COVID process. The observation that most COVID-19 patients do not require LTOT after a two-month period suggests that clinicians should adopt a more selective approach in planning LTOT.
The Concept of Ta'zīr al-Shadīd in Ottoman Criminal Law: An Examination Based on Classical Islamic Law and Ottoman Fatwā Collections
(Hitit Univ, 2025) Baris, Ebru
Classical fiqh sources mention that ta'zir punishments can take various forms, such as admonition, reprimand, flogging, imprisonment, exile, public exposure and death penalty. The Ottoman Empire, which based its legal system on Islamic law, extensively implemented ta'zir punishments. These punishments are documented in sources such as q & amacr;n & umacr;nn & amacr;mes, fatw & amacr; collections and shari'a court registers (shar'iyya sijill & amacr;t). This study focuses on the ta'zir punishments mentioned in Ottoman-era fatw & amacr; collections and it examines the crimes in which the terms ta'zir and particularly ta'zir al-shadid are used in these sources, in addition to cases where ta'zir punishments such as admonition, public exposure, dismissal from office, exile and imprisonment are explicitly mentioned. In cases where the punishment is explicitly stated, there is no ambiguity regarding its nature. However, when the punishment is referred to simply as ta'zir or ta'zir al-shadid, various interpretations about its nature have emerged. Since these terms were incorporated into Ottoman fatw & amacr; collections from classical fiqh sources, the study first examines the usage of ta'zir and ta'zir al-shadid in Islamic legal literature, outlining their theoretical background. After analyzing the usage of these terms in classical fiqh sources, the study investigates crimes that warranted ta'zir al-shadid punishments in Ottoman fatw & amacr; collections. In this context, the study addresses the concept of ta'zir al-shadid as used in Ottoman fatw & amacr; collections, based on both classical Islamic legal literature and the fatw & amacr; compilations themselves. Although these terms have been interpreted in the literature as the judge imposing any punishment deemed appropriate, it has been determined that in the Ottoman legal system, the term ta'zir, which is used absolutely without any further explanation, generally refers to flogging, while the term ta'zir al-shadid always denotes flogging and often refers to the maximum number of lashes that can be administered as ta'zir. This usage is found to be based on classical fiqh sources. The study cites numerous examples from Ottoman fatw & amacr; collections indicating that the term ta'zir al-shadid was commonly used to refer to flogging. Then, in order to make a comparison with the examples in classical fiqh sources, examples of ta'zir al-shadid punishment for crimes such as sodomy (liw & amacr;ta), marriage without hulla, adultery with incomplete conditions, false accusation of adultery (qadhf) and murder are given. In this context, as seen in the examples above, ta'zir al-shadid played a significant role in crimes that warranted a hadd punishment but could not be implemented due to deficiencies in the required conditions. It has been determined that in Ottoman fatw & amacr;s, the punishments prescribed for such crimes were expressed with the term of ta'zir alshadid. As reported in classical fiqh works, in such cases, the perpetrator was deemed liable for the maximum number of lashes, and the judge was not granted the authority to impose any other form of punishment. Some Ottoman fatw & amacr; collections even contain direct inquiries regarding the nature of the ta'zir al-shadid punishment, reflecting ongoing interest in this matter during the Ottoman period. Interestingly, these inquiries predominantly focus on the quantity rather than the nature of the punishment. Indeed, the questions were directly associated with the punishment of flogging, and responses were sought regarding the number of lashes for ta'zir al-shadid punishment. It is understood from the fatw & amacr; questions that ta'zir al-shadid was known to refer to flogging however due to the disagreement within the madhhab regarding the maximum number of lashes applied as ta'zir, there was curiosity about the opinion preferred in the fatw & amacr;. The fatw & amacr;s provide details on the maximum number of lashes allowed under the Hanafi school of thought, referencing differing opinions within the school. For instance, Ab & umacr; Hanifa (d. 150/767) and Im & amacr;m Muhammad (d. 189/805) set this limit at 39 lashes, while Ab & umacr; Y & umacr;suf (d. 182/798) set it at 75 lashes. It is observed that these different views were reflected in the Ottoman fatw & amacr;s and mostly Ab & umacr; Y & umacr;suf's view was preferred. Additionally, some Shaykh al-Isl & amacr;ms, in accordance with the Hanafi understanding of ta'zir, have considered not only the number of lashes but also the severity of the beating within the scope of ta'zir al-shadid. In conclusion, the concept of ta'zir al-shadid emerges in classical Islamic law and Ottoman law as a form of punishment in which flogging is administered in proportion to the severity of the offense. The description of the punishment as shadid does not stem from the imposition of a severe ta'zir penalty but rather from the notion, as stated in classical fiqh sources, that the flogging applied in ta'zir should be more severe than that in hadd penalties.
A Qualitative Study on the Use of Big Data in Marketing Insights in the Banking Sector
(Sosyoekonomi Soc, 2025) Olgac-Akar, Yasemin; Faiz, Emel; Oncu, Mehmet Akif
This study aims to determine how data obtained from different sources in the banking sector is used for marketing insights targeting customers. The research scope encompasses 38 banks listed on the Banking Regulation and Supervision Agency (BRSA) website, comprising 32 deposit banks and six participation banks. The data was collected through interviews with 20 participants from 13 banks. Descriptive and content analysis methods were used in the analysis process. The study's findings indicate that banks utilise big data for risk management, fraud detection, and customer relationship management. Additionally, banks effectively use all data obtained from internal and external processes to inform marketing insights, encompassing product, price, distribution, promotion, people, physical evidence, and process components.
Cost Analysis of COPD: A Case Study in Düzce University Hospital
(Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2025) Akkol, Sevval; Bozdemir, Enver
Objective: The aim of the study is to analyze the costs of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) from the perspective of the Social Security Institution (SSI). Method: In the research, data obtained retrospectively using the qualitative method were subjected to document analysis. The study covers 241 COPD patients in 2022 in the Chest Diseases unit of D & uuml;zce University Health Application and Research Center/Hospital. No sample was selected in the research, but the entire population was used. Data were subjected to multivariate regression analysis. Costs include examinations, medical supplies, medications, imaging and laboratory tests. Results: Of 130 outpatients, 110 (85%) were male, 20 (15%) were female, the mean age was 66.82 years, and outpatient treatment cost was 127.76h ($7.72)/patient. Of the 111 inpatients, 88 (79%) were male, 23 (21%) were female, the mean age was 70.19 years, and the mean duration of hospitalization was 7.08 days. The average total treatment cost of the clinic was 2,319.64h ($140.16)/patient. Of this, 1,059.97 h ($64.05) was for intervention, 267.62 h ($16.17) for medical supplies, 907.74 h ($54.85) for medication, and 499.98 h ($30.21) for investigations. It was determined that the gender, age, and hospitalization duration of the patients changed the treatment costs (p<0.05). In addition, it was determined that the SSI incurred an average annual drug cost of 6,321.84 h ($381.98). A total annual average cost of 9,184.90 h ($554.98) /patient was determined. Conclusions: The study found that treating COPD is a significant economic burden per patient for the SSI. A significant portion of this cost is comprised of medication expenses. This increases the lifetime costs of COPD. In order to reduce the cost of the disease, both necessary measures should beAtaken to reduce the risk of developing the disease, and lower-cost methods should be followed in the treatment of the disease.
Evaluation of Variations of the Chorda Tympani Nerve from The Facial Nerve on Resolution CT
(Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2025) Ozel, Mehmet Ali; Buyukkaya, Ramazan
Objective: The aim of this study is to define the anatomical variations of the chorda tympani nerve originating from the facial nerve on high resolution CT (HRCT). Method: A retrospective study of 100 patients who underwent temporal bone HRCT imaging in Duzce University, Department of Radiology. Individuals with normal bone structure at least on one side, were included in the study. Multiplanar reconstruction images were created then chorda tympani was imaged and measurements were performed. Results: Thirty-seven bone were excluded. When the originating localizations of the chorda tympani from the facial nerve were examined, 19(11.7%) Aanterior, 85(52.1%) anterolateral, 55(33.7%) lateral and 4(2.5%) posterolateral origins. The distance from the origin of the chorda tympani to the stylomastoid foramen was measured as 3.7 +/- 1.6 mm. The originating angle of the chorda tympani from the facial nerve was measured as 28.2 +/- 10.7 degrees. The widest distance between the chorda tympani and the mastoid segment of the facial nerve was measured as 2.3 +/- 0.6mm. The furthest distance between the mastoid segment of the facial nerve and chorda tympani is inversely correlated with the distance between chorda tympani and stylomastoid foramen. The angle of originating chorda tympani from facial nerve is directly correlated with the distance between chorda tympani and stylomastoid foramen. The ratio of extratemporal branching of chorda tympani is %2.4. Conclusions: The chorda tympani can be clearly seen on axial and reformat images on HRCT. Preoperative evaluation of the chorda tympani nerve might help to plan the surgical approach and thus prevent iatrogenic injury during middle ear surgery.
Predictive Value of Intrapartum Transperineal Ultrasonography in Determining Delivery Mode: A Prospective Study
(Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2025) Teberik, Ceren; Keyif, Betul; Yurtcu, Engin; Basbug, Alper; Goynumer, Fikret Gokhan
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of intrapartum transperineal ultrasonographic (ITU) parameters in predicting delivery mode. Method: This prospective study included 104 pregnant women inAactive labor with ruptured membranes at D & uuml;zce University Health Application and Research Center from April 2023 to April 2024. ITU measured the angle of progression (AoP), head-perineum distance (HPD), and midline angle (MLA). These parameters were compared with digital vaginal examinations and delivery outcomes. Results: Of the participants, 93 (89.4%) had spontaneous vaginal deliveries (SVD), 6 (5.7%) had operative vaginal deliveries (OVD), and 5 (4.8%) had cesarean sections (C/S). AoP1 and AoP2 were significantly higher in the SVD group compared to OVD and C/S groups (p<0.001). The Delta AoP was significantly lower in the OVD group (p=0.044). HPD1 and HPD2 were significantly higher in the C/S group (p=0.031 and p=0.041, Arespectively). MLA1 and MLA2 were significantly lower in the SVD group (p=0.002 and p=0.001, Arespectively). Conclusions: ITU is a valuable tool in predicting delivery mode. AoP, HPD, and MLA measurements provide objective and reliable data to assist clinicians in labor management. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to validate these findings and establish standardized protocols for clinical use.
Evaluation of Osteoarticular Involvement Associated with Brucellosis in Children
(Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2025) Kutlu Beseren, Tugba Nur; Bekis Bozkurt, Hayrunnisa; Erguven, Mueferet; Bicakci, Zafer
Aim: Brucellosis is a significant public health problem with high morbidity. Its most frequent complication is osteoarticular involvement. The study aimed to evaluate the relationship of osteoarticular involvement with clinical features and prognosis in children with brucellosis. Material and Methods: This retrospective study included pediatric patients between the ages of 1 and 18 years who were hospitalized and diagnosed with brucellosis between 2015 and 2020, and were regularly followed up. Aand all their findings and osteoarticular involvement data within the last two years were recorded. Clinical features, laboratory findings, osteoarticular involvement, and relapse rates of the patients were evaluated. Results: A total of 80 patients were included study. During the follow-up period, relapse developed in 14 (17.5%) patients. The most commonly affected joints were right (40%, n=32) and left (26.3%, n=21) hips, then right (27.5%, n=22) and left (23.8%, n=19) knees. Shoulder joint involvement rates and C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were statistically significantly higher in the relapse group (p=0.016, p=0.003, p=0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in demographic characteristics, clinical features, and treatment responses of the patients between age groups, except weakness and sweating complaints that were high among older children (p=0.036). Conclusion: High admission ALT, AST, CRP, and ESR levels in brucellosis cases with osteoarticular involvement and the presence of shoulder joint involvement, albeit rarely, can be a warning sign in terms of relapse. Patients should be closely followed up in terms of brucellosis complications.
Analysis of somatotype on liver, spleen and kidney morphology in healthy children: an ultrasonographic anatomy study
(Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2025) Ulubaba, Hilal Er; Ciftci, Rukiye; Senol, Deniz; Toy, Seyma; Berk, Erhan; Uzun, Muhammet Bora
Purpose: Somatotype is a quantitative expression of an individual's current morphological configuration and consists of three classifications: mesomorphy, endomorphy and ectomorphy. This study aimed to examine the relationship between somatotype and liver, spleen, and kidney morphometry in healthy children utilizing ultrasonographic (USG) methods. Materials and Methods: One hundred healthy children between the ages of 7 and 10 participated in the study. The sizes of liver, spleen and kidney were measured using USG. The children's somatotypes were determined according to the Heath-Carter method by taking 10 anthropometric measurements. Results: As a result of the measurements, it was determined that the highest value of liver length was 11.9 cm (9.9-13.6) in Mesomorph Endomorph somatotype and the smallest value was 10.9 (9-12.3) in central somatotype. The highest value of right kidney vertical length was 32 mm (25-45) in Mesomorph Endomorph somatotype and the lowest value was 29 mm (25-34) in central somatotype. According to the results of the Kruskall Wallis H test analysis, there was a statistically significant difference between liver length and right kidney vertical length measurements and somatotypes (p<0.05). Post-hoc analysis indicated that this difference was due to the central and mesomorph-endomorph somatotypes. Conclusion: In conclusion, we believe that our results should be taken into consideration for clinical diagnoses. Additionally, we suggest that taking our measurement results into consideration in abdominal ultrasound scans is necessary for an accurate evaluation. We think that clinicians evaluating the pathologies of diseases related to the organs we measured should not forget the size changes according to the somatotype results.
The Effects of Social Risk Conditions on Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes in Terms of Bibliometric Analysis
(Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2025) Arslanoglu, Ilknur; Kurutkan, Mehmet Nurullah
Objective: This study aims to deeply investigate the literature about effects of deprivation, poverty, inequality, low socioeconomic conditions, and vulnerability factors on pediatric type 1 diabetes using bibliometric analysis methods. Method: The Web of Science database was searched using keywords. The titles and abstracts of the obtained publications were reviewed by a pediatric endocrinologist regarding their relevance to the intended subject and subjected to a second screening. Performance, co-citation, and co-occurrence analyses were applied to the publications that passed the screening. The analyses used R-based Bibliometrix software, Python, and Microsoft Excel. Results: Initially, 469 articles were obtained, and after screening, 284 articles were found relevant to the researched subject. The co-citation analysis resulted in three main themes: (1) Management and Clinical Outcomes of Type 1 Diabetes, (2) Deprivation and Socioeconomic Determinants Related to Type 1 Diabetes, and (3) Cumulative Effects of Socioeconomic and Cultural Factors on the Management and Outcomes of Type 1 Diabetes. Following the co-occurrence analyses, thematic areas such as Diabetes in Children/Adolescent Populations, Epidemiological Dimensions of Diabetes, Diabetes and Quality of Life, Technological and Insured Solutions Related to Diabetes, Pediatric Health and Diabetes, Insulin Application and Glucose Monitoring Strategies, and The Role of Health Policies in Diabetes Management were identified. Conclusions: These findings highlight health policymakers' need to develop more effective and inclusive strategies for socio-economically disadvantaged groups. Moreover, this study provides important data to explore how much emphasis researchers have placed on social determinants of health. This might serve as a basis for understanding how diabetes management and outcomes interact with socioeconomic and cultural factors. Thus, it will also serve as a foundation for awareness and method at the healthcare level.
A Philosophical Study on the Foundations of Projective Geometry as A Metageometry
(Beytulhikme Felsefe Cevresi, 2024) Birlik, Busra asik; Ekren, Ugur
Throughout history, research on the foundations of mathematics, particularly the debates surrounding Euclid's fifth postulate, has led to the emergence of the concept of metageometry. This paper examines the problems created by Euclid's fifth postulate in a historical and philosophical context, the contributions to the development of non-Euclidean geometries, and how projective geometry was established as a metageometry during this process. The article notes that the first steps of projective geometry began with the Renaissance architect and artist Leon Battista Alberti and were mathematically grounded through the contributions of the French mathematician Girard Desargues. Additionally, the works of mathematicians like Jean Victor Poncelet and Felix Klein facilitated the development of projective geometry and the acceptance of non-Euclidean geometries. The paper evaluates the philosophical background of these developments through Kant's transcendental philosophy and discusses Russell's thoughts and contributions to metageometry. In this context, the article provides a deep analysis of both the historical development and philosophical foundations of projective geometry.
Related Party Transactions from the Perspective of Public Shareholders
(Mehmet Akif Ersoy Univ, 2025) Ozer, Ali; Unal, Serkan; Cepni, Kerim
Transactions between related parties, particularly those involving controlling shareholders, may pose a risk of financial detriment to minority shareholders while simultaneously providing a mechanism for controlling shareholders to accumulate profits in a manner that may be considered inequitable. This research seeks to examine the effects of related party transactions on shareholders from four distinct analytical angles, to enhance the investment decision-making process for investors. The study explores the relationship between related party transactions and several financial indicators of companies listed on Borsa Istanbul, including the free float ratio, stock price performance, dividend payout ratio, and Tobin's Q. The research utilized financial data from 339 companies listed on Borsa Istanbul, resulting in 1478 instances within an unbalanced panel data set. Methodologically, both fixed effects and random effects regression analyses were conducted. The analysis shows a positive relationship between debts owed to related parties and the free float ratio, as well as Tobin's Q ratio. Furthermore, a positive relationship is identified between receivables from related parties and the free float ratio, while a negative relationship is observed between receivables from related parties and Tobin's Q ratio. These findings corroborate the existence of agency costs and conflicts of interest between majority shareholders and minority shareholders. Despite the statistical significance of the findings, it is pertinent to note that the explanatory efficacy of the equations utilized is relatively modest.
Liberation Through Constraint: Discovering a 'Dance Self' Through Kamigatamai1
(Trabzon Univ State Conservatory, 2025) Ozdemir, Sebnem Sozer
This study focuses on the learning experience ofJapanese dance practitioners in relation to well-being. It is based on the researcher's fieldwork in Kyoto, particularly at the regular classes given by Nao Yoshimura in kamigatamai. The discussion revolves around unstructured accounts of Nao sensei's (Japanese, female) students concerning their reasons for starting and continuing kamigatamai classes, and how this has changed/enhanced their lives. Supported by observation of the classes, these accounts demonstrate that learning kamigatamai induces pleasure that grows out of experiences such as feeling a sense of achievement in developing new skills, attaining selfawareness and self-efficacy, finding a purpose in life (ikigai), finding a valuable distraction during the difficult time of the pandemic, belonging to a group, being able to express inner experiences through dancing, and getting in touch with one's own culture. Whereas prior studies on Japanese dance training connected it to different aspects of self-development, this research argues that learning kamigatamai in this specific context involves an affective becoming, which is achieved through the transformation of the students' bodies, manners, and values in compliance within the strict frame of the tradition in question. Yet this process also brings about a sense of liberation, as it opens up to its students an opportunity to discover a new 'dance self' that goes beyond the constraining norms of daily social life and thereby contributes to their well-being.
The Efficacy of Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients and the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Multicenter Real-Life Data
(Doc Design Informatics Co Ltd, 2024) Gurbuz, Yunus; Kocagul-Celikbas, Aysel; Oztoprak, Nefise; Aygen, Bilgehan; Batirel, Ayse; Habiloglu, Arif Dogan; Aktug-Demir, Nazlim
Objective: This study aimed to demonstrate the real-life efficacy and safety of glecaprevir / pibrentasvir in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C, as well as to identify the problems caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in the follow-up and treatment of patients. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted retrospectively with the participation of researchers from universities or training and research hospitals. It included patients with chronic hepatitis C who were over 18 years of age, treatment-na & iuml;ve or treatment-experienced, had detectable HCV RNA and were receiving glecaprevir/pibrentasvir treatment Results: Only 188 of the 385 patients who participated in the study came to the follow-up visit 12 weeks after treatment, and all of them had a sustained virological response. It was thought that a significant portion of the 177 patients who did not come to the follow-up visit at 12 weeks after treatment refrained from coming to the hospital due to the COVID-19 pandemic. None of the patients who attended the follow-up visits required treatment discontinuation due to adverse events. Conclusion: Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir is a highly effective and relatively safe drug in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the follow-up and treatment processes of patients. New measures are needed for the follow-up and treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C during pandemics.
Analysis of Commentators' Interpretations of the Verse 'Allah is at Work Every Day' in the Context of Deism
(Anadolu Ilahiyat Akademisi, 2025) Yalcin, Selami
Recent observations have indicated an apparent resurgence of deism in the country. This phenomenon prompts the question of whether the Qur'an offers any elaboration on the subject. Some tafsirs have interpreted verse 29 of Surah Rahman All those in the heavens and the earth are dependent on Him. Day in and day out (moment of every) He has something to bring about. to be a response to deists. Deism posits the doctrine that God created the universe, yet refrained from subsequent intervention. It is noteworthy that the Jewish tradition also holds the belief that God rests on Saturday. This lends credence to the proposition that Allah rendered many of his actions ineffective following the act of creation. Consequently, it is imperative to undertake a thorough investigation of the tafsirs provided by scholars on the pertinent verse, and to juxtapose these interpretations with the tenets of deism. The investigation revealed that commentators placed significant emphasis on the words (sic) (sha'n) and (sic) (yawm) mentioned in the verse. Consequently, the utilisiton of these two words in the poetry of the Period of Ignorance and the Quran along with the meanings attributed to them by lexicographers were examined. The subsequent discussion focused on the explanations and evidence provided by the commentators. The narrations related to the word sha'n, meaning the work of Allah, from the companions and the tabiin were analyzed in terms of chain and text. The analysis suggested that the reason for the revelation of the verse might have been associated with the Jews. It has been observed that while the narrations were given due consideration by the early period commentators, subsequent commentators interpreted the verse in a more general sense, thereby limiting its meaning. In these interpretations, Allah's relationship with the universe is highlighted and His activity over time is revealed through the meanings given to the concepts of yawm and sha'n. The commentators have posited evidence that Allah will not relinquish or suspend His actions at any moment in time. The research has revealed that the word sha'n encompasses all the actions of Allah and that Allah performs numerous actions concurrently. The term yawm has been identified as a comprehensive expression denoting time, day and moment. This suggests that Allah exercises sovereignty over This suggests that Allah exercises sovereignty over every moment in time, perpetually creates and remains active throughout all periods in this world and the hereafter.
Evaluation of Risk Factors Determining Focal Organ Involvement in Patients Diagnosed with Brucellosis
(Doc Design Informatics Co Ltd, 2024) cakir-Kiymaz, Yasemin; Sungur, Mehmet Ali
Objective: Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection that is common worldwide. It is a multisystemic disease in which specific organ involvement can be observed. However, no specific diagnostic tests can be used for early identification or prediction of focal organ involvement. This study aims to determine the risk factors that determine focal organ involvement in brucellosis. Methods: 143 patients who were followed with brucellosis between January and June 2022 were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups, those with focal organ involvement and those without, and their clinical and laboratory findings were compared. The significance level was accepted as 0.05. Results: The average age of the patients was 45.64 +/- 17.3 years, and 51% (n=73) were women. The most common clinical findings were fatigue (97.2%, n=139), sweating (86.7%, n=124), and myalgia (68.5%, n=98). The most common form brucellosis was subacute brucellosis (52.4%, n=75). The focal organ involvement rate was 32.2% (n=46). The most common focal organ involvements were osteoarticular (27.9%, n=40), haematological (6.3%, n=9) and genitourinary (3.5%, n=5). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of age (p=0.698) and gender (p=0.374). While sweating was less in patients with focal brucellosis (p=0.010), back pain (p=0.046), hip pain (p <0.001), high ALT (p=0.014), high CRP (p=0.003) and high ESR (p <0.001) was more encountered. Conclusion: High CRP, ESR and ALT levels, anemia, back and hip pain may be parameters that predict focal organ involvement in patients diagnosed with brucellosis.
Testing the role of unstimulated in vitro maturation for potential development of immature oocytes in women with oocyte maturation abnormalities
(Galenos Publ House, 2024) Kalyoncu, Senol; Basbug, Alper; Hatirnaz, Ebru; Kaya, Aski Ellibes; Gungor, Nur Dokuzeylul; Urkmez, Sebati Sinan; Urkmez, Yesim Civil
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the developmental potential of immature oocytes and evaluate whether unstimulated in vitro maturation (IVM) could serve as a treatment option for women with oocyte maturation abnormalities (OMAs). Material and Methods: This cohort study was conducted between September 2019 and December 2022, and included women who underwent unstimulated, non-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) priming IVM. Oocytes were incubated with IVM medium for 26-48 hours and evaluated to compare their maturation profiles with the immature oocytes retrieved from the same patients in their previous in vitro fertilization cycles. Results: Among the twelve women in the study, eleven (91.6%) underwent whole exome sequencing analysis. Of these, 18 variants were identified in 10 individuals, excluding case 1, who had no previous mutation analysis. Of the mutations identified, 9 (50%) were located in FSHR, 5 (27.8%) in TUBB8, 1 (5.6%) in ZP1, 1 (5.6%) in SLFN14, 1 (5.6%) in AR , and 1 (5.6%) in STEAP3. Apart from one woman with resistant ovary syndrome (ROS), none treated with unstimulated IVM had oocyte maturation. Remarkably, the only patient to achieve oocyte maturation in an unstimulated IVM cycle was case 11, who had ROS and a single FSHR variant. Conclusion: Unstimulated, non-hCG primed IVM does not appear to be effective in the treatment of OMAs, perhaps with the exception of women with ROS. However, this study led our team to develop novel treatment options based on physiological mechanisms for some subtypes and supraphysiological approach for other subtypes of OMAs. (J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc. 2024; 25: 219-23)
Earthquake and Sleep Health Effects
(Galenos Publ House, 2024) Balbay, Ege Gulec; Annakkaya, Ali Nihat; Balbay, Oner
Despite receiving little attention in the scientific literature, earthquakes are known to affect sleep patterns indirectly and can contribute to the development or worsening of sleep disorders. Earthquake-caused disruptions, such as structural damage, displacement, and unstable living conditions, create uncomfortable and anxious sleeping environments. Psychological factors such as fear, stress, and anxiety can contribute to sleep disruption. Physical injuries from earthquakes can disrupt sleep due to pain and discomfort. Additionally, infrastructure disruptions such as power outages and utility damage create uncomfortable or unsafe sleeping conditions. This review presents a comprehensive and systematic overview of the relationship between earthquakes and sleep health.
Adherence to Growth Hormone Treatment in Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic
(Galenos Publ House, 2024) Eren, Erdal; Cetinkaya, Semra; Ongen, Yasemin Denkboy; Tercan, Ummahan; Darcan, Sukran; Turan, Hande; Aydin, Murat
Objective: Treatment adherence is crucial for the success of growth hormone (GH) therapy. Reported non-adherence rates in GH treatment have varied widely. Several factors may have an impact on adherence. Apart from these factors, the global impact of the Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, including problems with hospital admission and routine follow-up of patients using GH treatment, may have additionally affected the adherence rate. The primary objective of this study was to investigate adherence to treatment in patients receiving GH. In addition, potential problems with GH treatment during the pandemic were investigated. Methods: This was a multicenter survey study that was sent to pediatric endocrinologists during the pandemic period (June-December 2021). Patient data, diagnosis, history of pituitary surgery, current GH doses, duration of GH therapy, the person administering therapy (either parent/patient), duration of missed doses, reasons for missed doses, as well as problems associated with GH therapy, missed dose data and the causes in the recent year (after the onset of the pandemic) were questioned. Treatment adherence was categorized based on missed dose rates over the past month (0 to 5%, full adherence; 5.1 to 10% moderate adherence; >10% non-adherence). Results: The study cohort consisted of 427 cases (56.2% male) from thirteen centers. Median age of diagnosis was 8.13 (0.13-16) years. Treatment indications were isolated GH deficiency (61.4%), multiple pituitary hormone deficiency (14%), Turner syndrome (7.5%), idiopathic GH deficiency (7.5%), small for gestational age (2.8%), and others (6.8%). GH therapy was administered by parents in 70% and by patients in 30%. Mean daily dose was 32.3 big/kg, the annual growth rate was 1.15 standard deviation score (minimum-2.74, maximum 9.3). Overall GH adherence rate was good in 70.3%, moderate in 14.7%, and poor in 15% of the patients. The reasons for non-adherence were mainly due to forgetfulness, being tired, inability to access medication, and/or pen problems. It was noteworthy that there was a negative effect on adherence during the COVID-19 pandemic reported by 22% of patients and the main reasons given were problems obtaining an appointment, taking the medication, and anxiety about going to hospital. There was no difference between genders in the adherence rate. Non-adherence to GH treatment decreased significantly when the patient: administered the treatment; was older; had longer duration of treatment; and during the pandemic. There was a non-significant decrease in annual growth rate as non-adherence rate increased. Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the poor adherence rate was 15%, and duration of GH therapy and older age were important factors. There was a negative effect on adherence during the pandemic period.
Can Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy Be A Reliable Method for Adrenal Masses Larger than 4 Cm?: Our Clinical Outcomes
(Galenos Publ House, 2025) Senoglu, Yusuf; Balik, Ahmet Yildirim; Baba, Dursun; Taskiran, Arda Taskin; Basaran, Ekrem; Tekin, Ali
Objective: The laparoscopic approach to large adrenal masses is becoming increasingly common. Our study aims to investigate the reliability and effectiveness of adrenalectomy performed with laparoscopic surgery in adrenal masses larger than 4 cm. Materials and Methods: Fifty-two patients who underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy in our clinic between January 2014 and July 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. Each patient's age, gender, hormonal activity status, tumor size and side, hospital stay, amount of bleeding, operation time, complication rates (Clavian classification), pathology results, and surgical margin positivity were evaluated. Thirty patients with tumor size over 4 cm and 22 patients under 4 cm were compared separately. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding hospital stay (p=0.11). When the operation time and bleeding amount were compared, no statistically significant difference was found between these two groups (p=0.392, p=0.761; respectively). Although slightly more complications were seen in patients with tumors smaller than 4 cm, no statistical difference was observed (p>0.05). Surgical margin positivity was detected only in one of the patients with a tumor size of less than 4 cm, and this patient was reported to have adenoma. All operations were completed laparoscopically. No complications occurred in Clavien class 3 or above in any of the patients. Conclusion: Our study and experience unequivocally demonstrate that transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy is not only effective but also remarkably safe for large (>4 cm) adrenal masses.
Investigation of The Effects of Fatty Acids on Growth Hormone, Insulin-like Growth Factor 1, and Insulin- and Hormone-sensitive Lipase Levels in Rats
(Galenos Publ House, 2024) Emir, Aysegul; Beyazcicek, Ozge; Beyazcicek, Ersin; Gok, Ali
Objective: Several studies have investigated hormones such as growth hormone (GH), insulin (INS), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and hormone- sensitive lipase (HSL). However, there is insufficient data on the effects of the combination of short-, medium-, and long-chain fatty acids on hormone concentrations in serum/tissue, including GH, INS, IGF-1, and HSL. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of butyric acid (BA), caprylic acid (CA), and oleic acid (OA) alone or in combination on GH, INS, IGF-1, and HSL secretion. Methods: Fifty-six male Wistar rats were used in the study. The animals were separated into 8 subgroups: control, BA, CA, OA, BA + CA, BA + OA, CA + OA, and BA + CA + OA groups. Fatty acids were administered orally to rats for 21 days. At the end of the study, GH, IGF, INS, and HSL levels were measured in serum using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Results: BA administration reduced GH, IGF-1, and INS levels but had no significant effect on HSL levels. CA administration increased HSL levels but had no significant effect on GH, INS, and IGF-1 levels. OA administration increased GH and HSL levels but had no significant effect on IGF-1 and INS levels. Conclusion: The combined use of fatty acids increased GH levels while decreasing INS, IGF-1, and HSL levels.

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