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Öğe AISI 2507 Süper Dubleks Paslanmaz Çeliğinin Hibrit Soğutma/Yağlama Yöntemleri Altında Tornalanmasında Yüzey Kalitesinin İncelenmesi(2021) Kıvak, Turgay; Şirin, Şenol; Çelik, EmreSon yıllarda ekolojik soğutma/yağlama yöntemleri sürdürülebilir imalat için metal işleme operasyonlarında kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu yöntemlerin başında ise birbirine göre üstün özelliklerin bir araya getirildiği hibrit soğutma/yağlama yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı çalışmalar ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada; AISI 2507 dubleks paslanmaz çeliğinin Minimum Miktarda Yağlama (MMY), kriyojenik soğutma (Kry) ve hibrit (Kry+MMY) soğutma/yağlama koşulları altında tornalanmasında, yüzey kalitesi incelenmiştir. İşlenen yüzeylerin kalitesinin belirlenmesinde yüzey pürüzlülük (Ra), iki boyutlu yüzey görüntüleri ve üç boyutlu yüzey topografyaları kullanılmıştır. Deneyler üç farklı soğutma/yağlama koşulunda (MMY, Kry ve Kry+MMY), kesme hızında (80, 120 ve 160 m/dak) ve ilerlemede (0,16-0,20 ve 0,24 mm/dev) gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deney tasarımında ve optimum koşulların belirlenmesinde Taguchi L27 tasarımı kullanılmıştır. Deneysel sonuçlara etki eden faktörler ve faktörlerin etki oranlarını belirlemek için varyans analizi (ANOVA) kullanılmıştır. Deney sonuçlarına göre yüzey kalitesi için optimum koşullar, Kry+MMY hibrit soğutma/yağlama koşulu, 160 m/dak kesme hızı ve 0,16 mm/dev ilerleme olarak belirlenmiştir. En iyi Ra değeri (1,151 µm) A3, B3, C1 koşulunda, en kötü Ra değeri ise (-2,861 µm) A2, B1, C3 koşulunda elde edilmiştir.Öğe AISI 904L Süper Dubleks Paslanmaz Çeliğin Tornalanmasında MMY, hBN ve N2 Soğutma/Yağlama Koşullarının Performans Değerlendirmesi(2022) Şirin, ŞenolBu çalışmada ekolojik farklı soğutma/yağlama koşullarının performansları değerlendirilmiştir. AISI 904L süper dubleks paslanmaz çeliği bu amaçla, kuru, minimum miktarda yağlama (MMY), kriyojenik soğutma (N2), hegzagonal bor nitrür katkılı nanoakışkan (hBN), MMY/N2 hibrit ve hBN/N2 hibrit koşulları altında tornalanmıştır. Tornalama deneylerinde parametre olarak iki farklı kesme hızı (120 ve 180 m/dak), sabit ilerleme (0,15 mm/dev) ve sabit kesme derinliği (0,5 mm) seçilmiştir. PVD kaplamalı sementit karbür kesici takımların kullanıldığı deneysel çalışmada performans kriteri olarak; yüzey pürüzlülüğü ve topografya, kesme sıcaklığı, titreşim, takım aşınması ve ömrü tercih edilmiştir. Deneysel çalışma sonunda elde edilen verilerle, kesme sıcaklığında en iyi performansı N2 koşulu gösterirken, diğer tüm sonuçlarda en iyi performansı hBN/N2 soğutma/yağlama koşulu göstermiştir.Öğe AISI D2 Soğuk İş Takım Çeliğinin Farklı Geometriye Sahip Kesici Takımlarla Frezeleme İşleminde Kesme Parametrelerinin Yüzey Pürüzlülüğü ve Takım Aşınmasına Etkisinin Araştırılması(2018) Şirin, Emine; Turgut, Yakup; Korkut, İhsan; Şirin, ŞenolBu çalışmada, AISI D2 Soğuk İş Takım Çeliğine ısıl işlem uygulanmış ve farklı sertliklere sahip (21-48-56 HRc) malzeme grupları CNC dik işleme merkezinde işlenerek; kesme kuvvetleri, yüzey pürüzlülük değerleri ve takım aşınmaları incelenmiştir. Frezeleme işleminde PVD yöntemi ile TiAlAl2O3ZrN kaplanmış iki farklı geometriye sahip sementit karbür kesici takımlar kullanılmıştır. Deneyler, dört farklı kesme hızında (70-90-110-130 m/dak), üç farklı ilerlemede (0,05-0,1-0,15 mm/diş), 0,5 mm sabit kesme derinliğinde ve kuru kesme şartları altında gerçekleştirilmiştir. En iyi ortalama yüzey pürüzlülük değeri (Ra), M1 malzemesinde 0,05 mm/diş ilerleme değerinde, 90 m/dak kesme hızında elde edilirmiştir (0,098 mm). En kötü yüzey pürüzlülük değerleri ise M2 ve M3 malzemelerinde, 0,15 mm/diş ilerleme değerinde, 130 m/dak kesme hızında elde edilmiştir (M2; 0,439 mm– M3; 0,952 mm).Öğe A comparative study on the tribological behavior of mono&proportional hybrid nanofluids for sustainable turning of AISI 420 hardened steel with cermet tools(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2022) Yıldırım, Çağrı Vakkas; Şirin, Şenol; Kivak, Turgay; Sarıkaya, MuratThe current study examines the influence of various mono and proportional hybrid nanofluids prepared with multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), alumina (Al2O3) and molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) on the performance of cermet tools in turning of AISI 420 hardened steel. First, mono-nanofluids were prepared using each nanoparticle separately (i.e., Al2O3, MWCNT and MoS2). Afterward, hybrid nanofluids were prepared at three different nanoparticle mixture ratios i.e., particle A:particle B of 1:1 (50 vol% + 50 vol%), particle A:particle B of 1:2 (33.34 vol% + 66.66 vol%), particle A:particle B of 2:1 (66.66 vol% + 33.34 vol%) in a constant volume concentration of 0.6%. Prepared nanofluids (nine different hybrid nanofluids and three different mono nanofluids) were cooperated with the MQL system and their effects on the machinability characteristics such as surface roughness, surface topography, temperature, tool flank wear, and wear mechanisms were investigated. The results were compared with dry and base-fluid MQL assisted cutting results. The surface roughness was decreased by 41.54%, 37.38% and 30.62% through Al2O3:MoS2 (2:1), Al2O3:MoS2 (1:2) and Al2O3:MoS2 (1:1) hybrid nanofluids compared to base fluid, respectively. It was found that different ratios of one more than nanoparticles have a significant effect on the synergistic effect. Based on the all experimental results, it can be concluded that it is necessary to optimize the nanoparticle ratios used in the preparation of hybrid nanofluids.Öğe The effect of addition of hBN nanoparticles to nanofluid-MQL on tool wear patterns, tool life, roughness and temperature in turning of Ni-based Inconel 625(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2019) Yıldırım, Çağrı Vakkas; Sarıkaya, Murat; Kıvak, Turgay; Şirin, ŞenolNickel-based Inconel 625 is employed in critical applications because of its excellent properties. But the machinability of this material is very poor. In recent years, the use of minimum quantity lubrication has gained prominence to improve machining performance without increasing the oil. However, pure-MQL may be insufficient for machining of difficult-to-machine materials. This paper focused on the development of nano-MQL by adding ISBN nanoparticles compared to pure-MQL and dry machining in turning of Inconel 625. Tool life, surface roughness, tool wear and tool-chip interface temperature were analyzed. Wear mechanisms were evaluated by SEM photographs and EDX analysis. The results showed that; 0.5 vol% hBN nanofluid has produced promising results for low tool wear and roughness and high tool life.Öğe The effect of nanofluids reinforced with different surfactants on the machining and friction-wear properties of Waspaloy(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Yıldırım, Çağrı Vakkas; Şirin, Şenol; Kivak, Turgay; Sarıkaya, MuratIn present investigation, a number of experiments were done to determine the impact of surfactants on Waspaloy machining characteristics and the friction-wear behavior on the ball-on-disc tester. The experiments were carried out in dry, base fluid (sunflower oil), Cuo, and ZnO nanofluid conditions with/without surfactant. Four distinct surfactants, including Gum Arabic (GA), Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS), CeTyltrimethylAmmonium Bromide (CTAB), and PolyVinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP), were employed to prepare the nanofluids with surfactant. In addition, viscosity, pH, and thermal conductivity measurements were made to determine the prepared nanofluid's thermo-physical properties. Tool wear and its mechanisms, surface roughness and cutting temperature in machining experiments, coefficient of friction (CoF), microhardness, and wear track width in ball-on-disk tests were choosen as evaluation criterias. From both the machining and ball-on-disk test results, it was determined that the ZnO + PVP nanofluid condition outperformed the other conditions. The ZnO + PVP nanofluid condition provided 53.9 %, 36.52 %, and 44 % improvement in tool wear, surface roughness, and cutting temperature, respectively, compared to the dry cutting condition. Also, considering the results of the ball-on-disk test, it was found that the CoF and width track width values for the ZnO+PVP nanofluid condition were both 76.02 % and 56.11 % lower than the dry condition.Öğe Effects of 3D-printed PLA material with different filling densities on coefficient of friction performance(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2023) Şirin, Şenol; Aslan, Enes; Akıncıoğlu, GülşahPurpose The purpose of this study is the investigation of the friction performance of 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) at different infill densities. Design/methodology/approach PLA samples were printed with fused filament fabrication (FFF). Friction performance test of PLA samples were performed under 18 N load at 20 min, 40 min and 60 min using a pin-on-disc tester. Diameter deviation, hardness of 3D-printed PLA, weight variation, coefficient of friction, temperature and wear images were chosen as performance criteria. Findings The hardness values of the samples with 30%, 50% and 70% infill density were determined as 93.9, 99.93 and 102.67 Shore D, respectively. The friction of coefficient values obtained in these samples at 20 min, 40 min and 60 min were measured as 0.5737, 0.4454 and 0.3824, respectively. The least deformation occurred in the sample with 50% occupancy rate and during the test period of 20 min. Practical implications The aim of this study was to determine the best friction performance of 3D-printed biodegradable and biocompatible PLA with different infill densities. Originality/value In the literature, several studies can be found on the mechanical characteristics of 3D-printed parts produced with PLA. However, investigations on the wear characterisation of these parts are very limited. In this regard, the friction coefficient results obtained from different infill density of 3D-printed PLA used in this study will significantly contribute to the literature.Öğe Evaluation of tool wear, surface roughness/topography and chip morphology when machining of Ni-based alloy 625 under MQL, cryogenic cooling and CryoMQL(Elsevier Editora Ltda, 2019) Yıldırım, Çağrı Vakkas; Kıvak, Turgay; Sarıkaya, Murat; Şirin, ŞenolAlthough nickel-based aerospace superalloys such as alloy 625 have superior properties including high-tensile and fatigue strength, corrosion resistance and good weldability, etc., its machinability is a difficult task which can be solved with alternative cooling/lubrication strategies. It is also important that these solution methods are sustainable. In order to facilitate the machinability of alloy 625 with sustainable techniques, we investigated the effect of minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), cryogenic cooling with liquid nitrogen (LN2) and hybrid-CryoMQL methods on tool wear behavior, cutting temperature, surface roughness/topography and chip morphology in a turning operation. The experiments were performed at three cutting speeds (50, 75 and 100 m/min), fixed cutting depth (0.5 mm) and feed rate (0.12 mm/rev). As a result, CryoMQL improved surface roughness (1.42 ?m) by 24.82% compared to cryogenic cooling. The medium level of cutting speed (75 m/min) can be preferred for the lowest roughness value and lowest peak-to-valley height when turning of alloy 625. Further, tool wear is decreased by 50.67% and 79.60% by the use of MQL and CryoMQL compared with cryogenic machining. An interesting result that MQL is more effective than cryogenic machining in reducing cutting tool wear. © 2019 The Authors.Öğe Investigation of friction performance and surface integrity of cryogenically treated AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel(2021) Şirin, Şenol; Akıncıoğlu, SıtkıIn this study, the effect of shallow cryogenic treatment on the friction coefficient of AISI 430ferritic stainless steel was investigated. The friction coefficient experiments were carried out in aball-on-disc wear tester under 5 N load at 400 rpm. As a result of the tests, the study examined thesurface topography of the wear traces, the abrasion profile, microscopic images of the wear traces,and the hardness change of the wear traces. After applying shallow cryogenic treatment, thefriction coefficient of the samples was increased by 7.5%. The micro hardness value around thewear traces of the cryogenic (Cryo) samples was 28.4% higher than the value for the commercialsamples. The width of the wear trace of the Cryo samples was reduced by 44%. The averageroughness value of the wear trace was 33.3% improved in the Cryo sample compared to thecommercial sample.Öğe Investigation of the performance of cermet tools in the turning of Haynes 25 superalloy under gaseous N2 and hybrid nanofluid cutting environments(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2022) Şirin, ŞenolCo-based superalloys such as Ni-based, Fe-based, and other such superalloys are classified as difficult-to-machine materials. Due to the poor machinability of superalloys, their machining is a big challenge for metal cutting industries. However, the machining of superalloys under ecological cutting environments (e.g., MQL, nanofluids, cryogenic cooling, etc.) has shown promising results. The present study investigated the effects of ecological cutting environments on the performance of cermet cutting tools. To this purpose, Co-based Haynes 25 superalloy was turned under MQL, graphene nanoplatelet (GnP) doped mono nanofluids, multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) doped mono nanofluids, GnP/MWCNT doped hybrid nanofluids, gaseous N2 based cutting environments, and mono/hybrid nanofluids combined with N2. Viscosity, pH, thermal conductivity, and wettability properties were investigated to determine the characteristics of the nanofluid mixtures. Cutting temperature, tool wear, wear mechanisms, surface roughness, surface topography, and chip formation morphology were chosen as the machining performance criteria. The experimental results showed that the cermet cutting tool and the GnP/MWCNT+N2 hybrid cutting environment contributed significantly to the Haynes 25 machining performance. Compared to the dry cutting environment, the N2 cutting environment showed the best performance improvement (63.57%) for cutting temperature, whereas the GnP/MWCNT+N2 hybrid cutting environment yielded the best performance and the best the improvement in tool flank wear (45.13%) and surface roughness (36.36%).Öğe Machine vision-based gradient-boosted tree and support vector regression for tool life prediction in turning(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Bagga, Prashant J.; Patel, K.M.; Makhesana, M.A.; Şirin, Şenol; Khanna, N.; Krolczyk, G.M.; Pala, A.D.One of the essential elements of automated and intelligent machining processes is accurately predicting tool life. It also helps in achieving the goal of producing quality products with reduced production costs. This work proposes a computer vision-based tool wear monitoring and tool life prediction system using machine learning methods. Gradient-boosted trees and support vector machine (SVM) techniques are used to predict tool life. The experimental investigation on the CNC machine is conducted to study the applicability of the proposed tool wear monitoring system. Experiments are performed using workpiece material made of alloy steel and PVD-coated cutting inserts, and flank wear is monitored. An imaging system consisting of an industrial camera, lens, and LED ring light is mounted on the machine to capture tool wear zone images. Images are then processed by algorithms developed in MATLAB®. Boosted tree methods and the SVM methodology have 96% and 97% prediction accuracy, respectively. Validation tests are carried out to determine the accuracy of proposed models. It is observed that the prediction accuracy of boosted three and SVM is good, with a maximum error of 5.89% and 7.56%, respectively. The outcome of the study established that the developed system can monitor the tool wear with good accuracy and can be adopted in industries to optimize the utilization of tool inserts. © 2023, The Author(s).Öğe A new lubrication approach in the SPIF process: Evaluation of the applicability and tribological performance of MQL(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2022) Sen, Nuri; Şirin, Şenol; Kivak, Turgay; Civek, Tolgahan; Seçgin, ÖmerThe abrupt changes in the customer demands and the need to achieve versatility in production for satisfying the different needs of consumers have resulted in the development of rapid prototyping processes. Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) is a forming method which doesn't require dies for production and thus enables to greatly reduce the manufacturing costs for low to medium batch productions while enabling versatile manufacturability. One of the major disadvantages of this process is the poor surface quality of formed parts due to friction between tool and sheet interfaces. For this reason, suitable lubrication techniques and the use of lubricants are of great importance in obtaining the desired surface quality. In this study, the Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) technique, which provides significant improvements in metal cutting processes with its effective lubricating feature, has been applied for SPIF process to investigate its effectiveness in SPIF processes. For this purpose, a series of experiments have been carried out by forming 7128 sheet metals with SPIF process in a CNC vertical machining center. In the experiments, SPIF parameters (feed rate, tool stepdown, etc.) have been kept constant and the effects of MQL parameters on surface roughness/topography, thickness distribution, roundness deviation, angular deviation have been focused. Three different pressures (4, 6, and 8 bar), three different flow rates (50, 75, and 100 mL/h) and three different vegetable-based oils with different viscosities have been selected as MQL parameters. In addition, 7128 sheet metal has been formed with the SPIF process by using a paste lubricant for the comparison of paste lubricated and MQL assisted SPIF process. Finally, friction tests have been carried out in a ball-on-disk device to determine the friction coefficients of the oils. Experimental results have shown that the increase in pressure has greatly increased the surface quality and dimensional accuracy, while the increased flow rate level improved the surface quality and dimensional accuracy up to a certain value (75 mL/h). It has been concluded that the surface quality can be improved by 14.60% with the MQL assisted SPIF process over the paste lubricated SPIF process, which has proved the applicability and superiority of MQL technique for SPIF processes.Öğe Performances of different eco-friendly nanofluid lubricants in the milling of Inconel X-750 superalloy(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2019) Şirin, Şenol; Kıvak, TurgayThis study investigated the effects of eco-friendly cutting conditions on machining performance in the milling of Inconel X-750 superalloy. To this purpose, a total of 14 different eco-friendly cutting conditions, including dry, base fluid and three different nanofluids at four different concentrations were tested. Surface roughness, cutting temperature, cutting force, tool wear and tool life were addressed as performance criteria. According to the test results, the use of base fluid increased the machining performance significantly compared to the dry cutting; however, the best results on all performance characteristics were obtained under nanofluid cutting conditions. The optimal concentration for the nanofluids was determined as 0.50 vol% and the hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanofluid was shown to be superior to the MoS2 and graphite nanofluids.Öğe Sürdürülebilir imalat için ınconel x 750 süper alaşımının frezelenmesinde yenilikçi soğutma/yağlama tekniklerinin işleme performansı üzerindeki etkileri(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2020) Şirin, Şenol; Kıvak, TurgayBu çalışmada, nikel esaslı Inconel X-750 süper alaşımının frezelenmesinde yenilikçi ve sürdürülebilir soğutma/yağlama yöntemlerinin işleme performansı üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. İşleme deneyleri kaplamalı sementit karbür takımlar kullanılarak CNC dik işleme merkezinde iki aşamada gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla hBN, MoS2 ve grafit nano partiküllerinin farklı oranlarda (hacimce % 0,25, % 0,50, % 0,75 ve % 1) bitkisel esaslı yağa eklenmesiyle nano akışkan karışımlar hazırlanmıştır. Deneyler sabit kesme hızı (45 m/dak), ilerleme (0,10 mm/dev) ve kesme derinliğinde (0,5 mm) gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kuru, Minimum Miktarda Yağlama (MMY) ve 12 farklı nanopartikül katkılı MMY (Nano MMY) kesme koşullarının kesme kuvveti, yüzey pürüzlülüğü, kesme sıcaklığı, kesici takım aşınması ve ömrü üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Tüm kesme koşullarında en iyi performansı, hacimce % 0,50 konsantrasyonlu Nano MMY kesme koşulu göstermiştir. Nano akışkanlar kendi içlerinde değerlendirildiğinde, hacimce % 0,50 hBN katkılı Nano MMY kesme koşulu diğer kesme koşullarına göre üstünlük sağlamıştır. Hacimce % 0,50 konsantrasyonlu hBN nano akışkan kesme koşulu, kuru ve MMY kesme koşuluna göre sırasıyla kesme kuvvetinde % 25,7 - % 18,86, yüzey pürüzlülüğünde % 54,26 - % 45,42, takım ömründe % 222 - % 48,7 oranında iyileşme sağlamıştır. Deneysel çalışmanın ikinci aşamasında eşit oranda (hacimce % 0,25 + % 0,25) yağa eklenen nano partiküller ile üç farklı hibrid nano akışkan (hBN+grafit, hBN+MoS2 ve grafit+MoS2) karışımlar hazırlanmıştır. Deneyler, üç farklı hibrid nano akışkan (Hibrid Nano MMY) kesme koşulu, kesme hızı (30, 45 ve 60 m/dak), ilerleme (0,05-0,10 ve 0,15 mm/dev) ve sabit kesme derinliğinde (0,5 mm) gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; hBN+grafit nano partikül katkılı Hibrid Nano MMY kesme koşulu, kesme kuvvetinde (314 N), yüzey pürüzlülüğünde (0,180 µm), kesme sıcaklığında (115 ?C) ve takım ömründe diğer kesme koşullarına göre daha iyi performans göstermiştir. Son olarak ANOVA aracılığıyla işleme parametrelerinin kesme kuvveti, yüzey pürüzlülüğü, kesme sıcaklığı ve takım ömrü üzerindeki etkileri analiz edilmiştir. ANOVA analizi sonuçlarına göre; kesme kuvveti, yüzey pürüzlülüğü, kesme sıcaklığı ve takım ömrüne etki eden en önemli işleme parametreleri sırasıyla, % 89,03 etki oranıyla ilerleme, % 74,22 etki oranıyla ilerleme, % 67,43 etki oranıyla kesme hızı ve % 85,95 etki oranıyla kesme hızı olmuştur.Öğe Sustainability in manufacturing: Future trends(CRC Press, 2023) Şirin, ŞenolClimate change is perhaps one of the biggest crises affecting our world nowadays. Therefore, the conscious use and protection of resources by humans are extremely important. The term sustainability is often used to denote activities, initiatives, and actions aimed at protecting a particular resource. Sustainability deals with four different areas, i.e., human, social, economic, and environmental. Sustainable manufacturing is an economic process that reduces the damage to world impact while protecting our natural resources. Ecological cooling/lubrication used in sustainable manufacturing is the future trend. Throughout this chapter, research on ecological cooling/lubrication methods was discussed. Moreover, various studies and their results are reported. In recent years, studies in the literature have focused on alternative ecological cooling/lubrication methods that minimize or eliminate petroleum-based cutting fluids used in metal-cutting processes. Ecological cooling/lubrication methods for future trends in sustainable manufacturing can be listed as minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) machining, nanoparticle doped nanofluid machining, hybrid nanofluid machining, cryogenic cooling machining, and hybrid cooling/lubrication machining. © 2023 selection and editorial matter, Navneet Khanna, Kishor Kumar Gajrani, Khaled Giasin and J. Paulo Davim; individual chapters, the contributors.Öğe A tribological performance of vegetable-based oil combined with GNPs and hBN nanoparticles on the friction-wear tests of titanium grade 2(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Şirin, Şenol; Akıncıoğlu, Sıtkı; Gupta, M.K.; Kıvak, T.; Khanna, N.In this study, friction performance, surface textures, and wear mechanisms of Titanium Grade (Gr) 2 material were investigated with a pin-on-disc tester. The study was carried out under dry, basefluid (vegetable-based oil), graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanofluids, and GNPs+hBN hybrid nanofluid conditions. In addition, the fluid's viscosity and thermal conductivity coefficient measurements were carried out. As the performance criterion of the pin-on-disc test, coefficient of friction (COF), vibration peak values, surface roughness (Ra profile), and topography, wear and wear mechanisms were preferred. With the data obtained after pin-on-disc tests, it can be said that the GNPs+hBN hybrid nanofluid condition shows the best performance compared to other conditions. GNPs+hBN hybrid condition, compared to the dry condition, decreased the COF average, vibration average, and Ra values by 20%, 52%, and 62%, respectively. © 2023 The AuthorsÖğe Waspaloy Süper Alaşımının Frezelenmesinde Nanopartikül Katkılı Yağlamanın Takım Aşınması Üzerindeki Etkisinin Araştırılması(2019) Yıldırım, Çağrı Vakkas; Şirin, Şenol; Kıvak, TurgayWaspaloy gibi işlenebilirliği zor malzemelerin işleme verimliliğini artırmak için, kesme sıvısı kullanımı büyükönem taşımaktadır. Ancak, aşırı kesme sıvısı kullanımı çevre, çalışan sağlığı ve üretim maliyeti gibi konulardaimalatçıları endişelendirmektedir. Bu endişeleri minimuma indirmek için kullanılan alternatif yöntemlerdenbirisi de Minimum Miktarda Yağlama (MMY) sistemidir. Bununla beraber, kesme sıvısı miktarının azaltılmasıiçin çalışmalar artarak devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, MMY sisteminde kullanılan kesme sıvısının içerisinenanopartikül katkı maddesi eklenerek kullanılan kesme sıvısı miktarını daha da azaltmak amaçlanmıştır. Buamaç doğrultusunda, Waspaloy süper alaşımı; kuru, MMY ve NanoMMY (hacimce %1 Al 2 O 3 ) şartları altındaişlenmiş ve soğutma/yağlama yöntemleri arasındaki farklar ortaya konulmuştur. Frezeleme deneyleri esnasındaçıktı olarak takım aşınması seçilmiştir. Kesme parametresi olarak ise üç farklı kesme hızı (20, 40, 60 m/dak) veüç farklı ilerleme hızı (0,05-0,10 ve 0,15 mm/dev) seçilmiştir. Deney sonuçlarının analizine göre, optimumaşınma değeri 20 m/dak kesme hızı, 0,05 mm/dev ilerleme ve NanoMMY şartları altında gerçekleşmiştir.
