Dynamic serum biomarkers in infantile hemangioma: the role of VEGF-B, AKT, and eNOS in lesion regression

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dc.authoridCakmak, Hatice Mine/0000-0003-3730-0982;
dc.contributor.authorCakmak, Hatice Mine
dc.contributor.authorKiliccioglu, Ilker
dc.contributor.authorDulger, Gorkem
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-11T20:48:46Z
dc.date.available2025-10-11T20:48:46Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentDüzce Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractInfantile hemangioma (IH) is the most common vascular tumor in infancy. This study aimed to investigate serum levels of VEGF-B, AKT, and eNOS in complicated versus uncomplicated cases of infantile hemangioma and evaluate their correlation with clinical regression scores over time. In this prospective study, we followed 64 patients with intrahospital hemorrhage (IH). Patients were grouped into two categories: complicated (n = 44) and uncomplicated (n = 20). Serum/plasma samples were collected on day 0 from all patients and on days 30 and 60 from complicated cases. ELISA techniques were used to quantify serum VEGF-B, AKT, and eNOS levels. A novel four-domain clinical regression scoring system (size, color, surface, and vascular activity; total 0-12 points) was developed and applied for the first 3 months of follow-up at each visit. VEGF-B, AKT, and eNOS serum levels were significantly higher at baseline in complicated IH and decreased over time with regression. However, AKT serum levels showed a significant decline only in the days of 60 (p = 0.043). Clinical regression scores increased in parallel, with substantial differences between healed and non-healed cases. ROC analysis revealed that day 30 and day 60 clinical scores strongly predicted complete healing (AUC = 0.739 and 0.850, respectively).Conclusion: The VEGF-B/VEGFR-1, AKT/mTOR, and eNOS pathways appear central to IH pathogenesis. Serum levels of these molecules may serve as dynamic biomarkers of disease phase and response to therapy. This study contributes novel data supporting potential targets for future personalized treatment strategies with a novel 3-month follow-up regression score predicting resolution.What is Known:center dot Angiogenic mediators such as VEGF-A, bFGF, Akt, and eNOS are elevated during the proliferative phase of infantile hemangioma and decline with propranolol treatment.center dot Previous studies have primarily investigated tissue-level expression, and there is limited clinical data on serum VEGF-B, Akt, and eNOS levels in IH patients.What is New:center dot This is the first clinical study to longitudinally measure serum VEGF-B, AKT, and eNOS levels in infantile hemangioma patients and track their changes during treatment-induced involution.center dot A novel, four-domain clinical regression scoring system (size, color, surface, vascular activity) was introduced and shown to predict treatment response within the first 60 days of follow-up.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipDzce niversitesi [2024.04.03.1453]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipDuzce University Scientific Research Projects (DUBAP)en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was supported by Duzce University Scientific Research Projects (DUBAP; Project number: 2024.04.03.1453).en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s00431-025-06311-5
dc.identifier.issn0340-6199
dc.identifier.issn1432-1076
dc.identifier.issue8en_US
dc.identifier.pmid40640446en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105010597576en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-025-06311-5
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12684/22095
dc.identifier.volume184en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001525625300001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherSpringeren_US
dc.relation.ispartofEuropean Journal of Pediatricsen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250911
dc.subjectInfantile hemangiomaen_US
dc.subjectVascular endothelial growth factor Ben_US
dc.subjectAKT serine-threonine kinaseen_US
dc.subjectEndothelial nitric oxide synthaseen_US
dc.subjectSignal transductionen_US
dc.subjectBiomarkersen_US
dc.subjectTreatment outcomeen_US
dc.titleDynamic serum biomarkers in infantile hemangioma: the role of VEGF-B, AKT, and eNOS in lesion regressionen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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