Environmental tolerance of entomopathogenic nematodes differs among nematodes arising from host cadavers versus aqueous suspension

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dc.authoridWakil, Waqas/0000-0002-4765-3637
dc.authoridHazir, Selcuk/0000-0001-9298-1472
dc.authorwosidWakil, Waqas/AAQ-2870-2020
dc.contributor.authorGulzar, Sehrish
dc.contributor.authorUsman, Muhammad
dc.contributor.authorWakil, Waqas
dc.contributor.authorGulcu, Baris
dc.contributor.authorHazir, Canan
dc.contributor.authorKaragoz, Mehmet
dc.contributor.authorShapiro-Ilan, David I.
dc.date.accessioned2021-12-01T18:50:21Z
dc.date.available2021-12-01T18:50:21Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.department[Belirlenecek]en_US
dc.description.abstractEnvironmental factors such as temperature and desiccation impact the survival and efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs). Most studies on environmental tolerance have focused on EPNs applied in aqueous suspension. Another approach for EPN application is via infected host cadavers. Emergence in host cadavers is also more representative of nematodes in natural populations. In prior studies, certain advantages in fitness have been observed with the cadaver application approach relative to aqueous application, yet the impact of environmental stress on these approaches requires investigation. In this study, we compared the effects of various temperatures (heat and cold) and desiccation intervals (48 and 72 hr) on the survival, virulence and reproductive capacity of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema glaseri when applied via cadaver versus aqueous suspension. In the heat tolerance bioassays, following exposure to 30 degrees C, 35 degrees C and 37. 5 degrees C, nematodes (from both species) in the cadaver treatments exhibited higher survival, and reproductive capacity compared with aqueous application. No survival was observed above 37.5 degrees C regardless of species or application approach. In cold tolerance, no differences were observed between the cadaver and aqueous treatments after a sequence of exposures from 10 degrees C to -2 degrees C. In desiccation assays, following exposure to 85% relative humidity for 2 or 3 days, nematodes (from both species) exhibited higher survival and reproduction in the cadaver treatment than in the aqueous treatment, whereas no differences were observed in virulence. This is the first study to find differential stress tolerance among nematodes emerged from infected host cadavers versus those applied in aqueous suspension. Our findings indicate additional advantages when using the cadaver approach for biocontrol applications, and suggest EPNs existing in natural populations may have broader environmental tolerance than those applied via aqueous suspension.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipHigher Education Commission (HEC) IslamabadHigher Education Commission of Pakistan; Adnan Menderes UniversityAdnan Menderes University [ZRF-15012]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipSehrish Gulzar and Muhammad Usman thank the Higher Education Commission (HEC) Islamabad for providing financial support through their International Research Support Initiative Program (IRSIP) research grant program. The authors also thank Stacy Byrd for technical assistance. This study was supported by Adnan Menderes University (project no: ZRF-15012).en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jip.2020.107452
dc.identifier.issn0022-2011
dc.identifier.issn1096-0805
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85089217696en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2020.107452
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12684/10864
dc.identifier.volume175en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000571473400009en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherAcademic Press Inc Elsevier Scienceen_US
dc.relation.ispartofJournal Of Invertebrate Pathologyen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectBiological controlen_US
dc.subjectEntomopathogenic nematodesen_US
dc.subjectAbiotic factorsen_US
dc.subjectTemperatureen_US
dc.subjectDesiccationen_US
dc.subjectDesiccation Toleranceen_US
dc.subjectInfected Hostsen_US
dc.subjectSurvivalen_US
dc.subjectHeterorhabditidaeen_US
dc.subjectRhabditidaen_US
dc.subjectInfectivityen_US
dc.subjectEfficacyen_US
dc.titleEnvironmental tolerance of entomopathogenic nematodes differs among nematodes arising from host cadavers versus aqueous suspensionen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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