Towards innovative and sustainable building materials: Effect of alkali activator concentration on the performance of waste brick powder-based geopolymer composites

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dc.authoridYURT, Umit/0000-0001-6009-6786
dc.contributor.authorYurt, Umit
dc.contributor.authorBayraktar, Huseyin
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-11T20:48:34Z
dc.date.available2025-10-11T20:48:34Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentDüzce Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractThe alkali activator composition and activation temperature play a critical role in governing the physical, mechanical, and microstructural behavior of sustainable geopolymer composites. In this study, geopolymer mixtures were formulated using ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and waste brick powder (BP), incorporating three different NaOH/(NaOH + Na2SiO3) ratios (0.40, 0.45, and 0.50). Each mixture was exposed to activation temperatures of 30 degrees C, 60 degrees C, and 120 degrees C for 18 h. A constant NaOH dosage of 5 mol was maintained across all mixes to ensure experimental consistency. Furthermore, BP accounted for 60 % of the total binder content (GGBFS + BP), which was intentionally selected to maximize waste valorization and align with environmental sustainability goals. A comprehensive experimental program was conducted to assess a wide range of parameters, including compressive strength, flexural strength, abrasion resistance, modulus of elasticity, splitting tensile strength, dynamic modulus of elasticity (DMoE), ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), carbonation depth, water absorption, density, sorptivity, and microstructural analysis through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The findings demonstrated that both the alkali activator ratio and activation temperature exerted a significant influence on the structural performance and durability of the composites. Specimens with lower micropore content exhibited denser matrix formations and superior mechanical properties. Maximum performance was obtained in the mixture with a NaOH/(NaOH + Na2SiO3) ratio of 0.45 and an activation temperature of 60 degrees C, yielding the highest compressive strength (66.49 MPa) and the most favorable sorptivity and microstructural properties. This study highlights the importance of jointly optimizing activator formulation and activation temperature to enhance the engineering performance of geopolymer systems. The novelty of this research lies in its integrated, multi-parameter experimental design, which systematically investigates the combined effects of activator composition and activation conditions in waste-derived geopolymer binders, thereby contributing to the advancement of sustainable construction materials.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.envres.2025.122109
dc.identifier.issn0013-9351
dc.identifier.issn1096-0953
dc.identifier.pmid40499637en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105008133276en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2025.122109
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12684/21985
dc.identifier.volume283en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001513126200003en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherAcademic Press Inc Elsevier Scienceen_US
dc.relation.ispartofEnvironmental Researchen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250911
dc.subjectGeopolymer compositesen_US
dc.subjectMechanical performanceen_US
dc.subjectMicrostructural analysisen_US
dc.subjectSustainabilityen_US
dc.subjectWaste brick powderen_US
dc.titleTowards innovative and sustainable building materials: Effect of alkali activator concentration on the performance of waste brick powder-based geopolymer compositesen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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