The Palaearctic steppe biome: a new synthesis

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dc.contributor.authorWesche, Karsten
dc.contributor.authorAmbarlı, Didem
dc.contributor.authorKamp, Johannes
dc.contributor.authorTörök, Peter
dc.contributor.authorTreiber, Jan
dc.contributor.authorDengler, Jürgen
dc.date.accessioned2020-04-30T23:33:59Z
dc.date.available2020-04-30T23:33:59Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.departmentDÜ, Ziraat Fakültesien_US
dc.descriptionDengler, Jurgen/0000-0003-3221-660X; Peter, Torok/0000-0002-4428-3327en_US
dc.descriptionWOS: 000386500700002en_US
dc.description.abstractThe Palaearctic steppes range from the Mediterranean basin towards China, forming one of the largest continuous terrestrial biomes. The literature on steppe ecology and conservation is vast but scattered and often not available in English. We provide a review of some key topics based on a new definition of steppes, which includes also Mediterranean steppes and alpine rangelands of the Asian Highlands. Revisiting the terrestrial ecoregions of the world, we estimate that the Palaearctic steppe biome extends over ca. 10.5 million km(2). Major chorological regions differ in their macroclimatic niche with a clear distinction between Middle Asia with its winter precipitation and the Central Asian summer-rain regions of the Mongolian plateau and of Tibet. Steppe soils store large amounts of carbon, yet the sequestration potential is debated and depends on land use. Major physiognomic-ecological steppe types include forest-, typical-, desert-, and alpine-steppe, which vary in the importance of grasses, mainly C3 species. The steppes host a specialised fauna, and Middle Asia, Tibet, and especially Mongolia, have large herds of migrating ungulates. The share of pristine and protected sites is low in the steppe regions, with conversion into croplands being the most important land use impact in Europe, Middle Asia, and the Mediterranean, while grazing has a severe impact in some parts of Mongolia and Tibet. There are major gaps in our knowledge on: (1) the effects of climate change on the crucial seasonal patterns; (2) the role of steppe soils in the global carbon budget; and (3) the ecology and distribution of most animal groups except vertebrates.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipGerman Research Foundation (DFG)German Research Foundation (DFG); German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF: CAME-PaDeMoS initiative); German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF: GLUES-Kulunda initiative); International Fund for Agricultural Development; BMBF within their Sustainable Land Management funding framework (Project SASCHA) [01LL0906A]; Volkswagen FoundationVolkswagen [A112025]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipOur sincere thanks go to David Hawksworth for giving us the opportunity to put together an exciting special issue and for his patience during the process. He also provided very helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper. We thank Aiko Huckauf for polishing our English and Milan Chytry, Olga Demina, Wanja Mathar, Alireza Naqinezhad, Jens Oldeland, Mustafa Sozen and Yun Wang for providing photos. K.W. extends special thanks to Tatiana Bragina and Ilya Smelyanski from the IUCN Specialist Group on Holarctic steppes; his work feeding into this paper was partly financed by the German Research Foundation (DFG), by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF: CAME-PaDeMoS and GLUES-Kulunda initiatives) and by the International Fund for Agricultural Development. J.K. was funded by the BMBF within their Sustainable Land Management funding framework (Project SASCHA, funding reference 01LL0906A) and by the Volkswagen Foundation (funding reference A112025).en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s10531-016-1214-7en_US
dc.identifier.endpage2231en_US
dc.identifier.issn0960-3115
dc.identifier.issn1572-9710
dc.identifier.issue12en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.startpage2197en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-016-1214-7
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12684/5082
dc.identifier.volume25en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000386500700002en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherSpringeren_US
dc.relation.ispartofBiodiversity And Conservationen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectBiogeographyen_US
dc.subjectClimate changeen_US
dc.subjectGrazingen_US
dc.subjectPalaearcticen_US
dc.subjectProtected areaen_US
dc.subjectSteppe biomeen_US
dc.titleThe Palaearctic steppe biome: a new synthesisen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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