Metal Ion-Engineered Carbon Quantum Dots From Hazelnut Shell via Solid-State Synthesis for Efficient OLED Devices

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dc.contributor.authorCengiz, Fatmanur Uyumaz
dc.contributor.authorTurksoy, Figen
dc.contributor.authorTekin, Emine
dc.contributor.authorUtkan, Guldem
dc.contributor.authorCengiz, Erhan Sukru
dc.contributor.authorYumusak, Gorkem
dc.contributor.authorKahraman, Memet Vezir
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T11:40:17Z
dc.date.available2026-07-01T11:40:17Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentDüzce Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractIn this study, we report a scalable and green solid-state synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from hazelnut shell biomass, using citric acid and urea as carbon and nitrogen sources. Controlled BaCl2 and ZnCl2 doping was applied to tailor nucleation, crystallinity, and surface chemistry. Structural analyses (FTIR, XRD, STEM, XPS, and DLS) revealed that BaCl2-assisted CQDs exhibited higher graphitization, narrower size distribution (7-13 nm), and fewer defects, while ZnCl2-assisted CQDs showed more amorphous and heteroatom-rich surfaces. Optical measurements indicated strong pi-pi* absorption (approximate to 280 nm), bright blue emission (lambda(em) 405-412 nm), and quantum yields of 63.4% (BaCl2) and 50.1% (ZnCl2), with > 95% stability after 30 days. When used as OLED emissive layers, BaCl2-CQDs achieved a luminous efficiency of 0.75 cd A(-1), nearly four times that of ZnCl2-CQDs (0.20 cd A(-1)), despite lower maximum luminance (48.9 vs. 308.1 cd m(-2)). These results highlight metal ion-assisted nucleation as an effective strategy to engineer CQD properties and enhance device performance, paving the way for sustainable, scalable OLED technologies.
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/bio.70503
dc.identifier.issn1522-7235
dc.identifier.issn1522-7243
dc.identifier.issue5
dc.identifier.orcid0009-0004-6294-6819
dc.identifier.pmid42117425
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105038322949
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1002/bio.70503
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12684/23736
dc.identifier.volume41
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001763023300001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relation.ispartofLuminescence
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260623
dc.subject[Keyword Not Available]
dc.titleMetal Ion-Engineered Carbon Quantum Dots From Hazelnut Shell via Solid-State Synthesis for Efficient OLED Devices
dc.typeArticle

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