A hybrid RSM-GA-PSO approach on optimization of process intensification of linseed biodiesel synthesis using an ultrasonic reactor: Enhancing biodiesel properties and engine characteristics with ternary fuel blends

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dc.authoridAhmad, Aqueel/0000-0002-8189-6018en_US
dc.authoridAgbulut, Umit/0000-0002-6635-6494en_US
dc.authorscopusid57982216700en_US
dc.authorscopusid57308853500en_US
dc.authorscopusid56296918300en_US
dc.authorscopusid57209912211en_US
dc.authorscopusid57202959651en_US
dc.authorwosidAhmad, Aqueel/HRB-5543-2023en_US
dc.contributor.authorAhmad, Aqueel
dc.contributor.authorYadav, Ashok Kumar
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Achhaibar
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Dinesh Kumar
dc.contributor.authorAgbulut, Umit
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-23T16:04:48Z
dc.date.available2024-08-23T16:04:48Z
dc.date.issued2024en_US
dc.departmentDüzce Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractThe depletion of fossil fuels necessitates the development of sustainable and energy -efficient techniques for biodiesel production. In recent years, cavitation reactors have emerged as a viable alternative to conventional biodiesel synthesis methods due to their superior conversion rates and shorter processing times. These reactors possess a high surface -to -volume ratio and facilitate efficient heat and mass transfer. This study aims to optimize the production of biodiesel from linseed oil using a novel ultrasonic cavitation reactor through a hybrid approach. In order to achieve this, an L50 orthogonal array with five factors and three levels was developed using a Box-Behnken design based on response surface methodology (RSM). These factors included the molar ratio (4:1, 6:1, and 8:1), ultrasonic power (100, 125, and 150 W), temperature (25, 35, and 45 degrees C), time (3, 6, and 9 min), and ultrasonic frequency (25, 30, and 35 kHz). The parameters were optimized using RSM-based desirability, genetic algorithm (GA), and particle swarm optimization (PSO) approaches. The results indicated that the RSM-based optimization approach outperformed the other methods. The optimal combination of parameters obtained through RSM consisted of molar ratio of 6.58:1, ultrasonic power of 133.65 W, temperature of 37.44 degrees C, time of 7.71 min, and pulse frequency of 26.29 kHz. This combination resulted in a biodiesel yield of 95.25%. Furthermore, this study explored the impact of different linseed oil methyl ester, octanol, and diesel blends (B10, B20, B30, B10 (O-10), and B20 (O-10)) on engine performance and emission characteristics. The B20 (O-10) blend exhibited significant potential for simultaneously reducing emissions and enhancing engine performance. When used as engine fuel, the B20 (O-10) blend increased brake thermal efficiency (BTE) by 0.848%, decreased brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) by 0.607%, and decreased CO, HC, and NOx emissions by 18.75%, 6.55%, and 0.72%, respectively, compared to pure diesel at rated power.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.energy.2023.129077
dc.identifier.issn0360-5442
dc.identifier.issn1873-6785
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85184808288en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2023.129077
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12684/14374
dc.identifier.volume288en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001152834800001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/Aen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherPergamon-Elsevier Science Ltden_US
dc.relation.ispartofEnergyen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectCarbon free sustainable energyen_US
dc.subjectBiodiesel productionen_US
dc.subjectOptimizationen_US
dc.subjectTernary blenden_US
dc.subjectEngine performanceen_US
dc.subjectEmissionsen_US
dc.subjectMethyl-Esteren_US
dc.subjectPerformanceen_US
dc.subjectEmissionsen_US
dc.subjectOilen_US
dc.subjectCombustionen_US
dc.titleA hybrid RSM-GA-PSO approach on optimization of process intensification of linseed biodiesel synthesis using an ultrasonic reactor: Enhancing biodiesel properties and engine characteristics with ternary fuel blendsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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