Emerging market SMEs' internationalization enablers and their influence on internationalization patterns: The case of Turkish automotive suppliers

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dc.authoridHarmanci, Hasan/0000-0002-5852-2667;
dc.contributor.authorHarmanci, Hasan
dc.contributor.authorKhalik, Mahmoud
dc.contributor.authorGodinez, Jose
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-11T20:48:33Z
dc.date.available2025-10-11T20:48:33Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentDüzce Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractSmall and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in emerging markets (EMs) are increasingly engaging in internationalization despite facing resource constraints and institutional barriers. However, there is limited understanding of how internationalization enablers influence internationalization patterns in these contexts. We investigate how networks, strategic entrepreneurship, and government support shape the speed, scope, and scale of internationalization among EM SMEs. Analyzing Turkish SMEs in the automotive supplier industry, we adopt a multiple case study approach to examine how they mobilize internal and external enablers under conditions of institutional duality and market volatility. Our findings reveal that institutional and business networks accelerate initial market entry and broaden geographic reach, while social networks play only a marginal role. Strategic entrepreneurship, particularly through frugal innovation, learning, and alliances, enables firms to expand and sustain international operations over time. Government support mechanisms, such as trade fair subsidies and export grants, play a critical role in reducing entry barriers and extending foreign market reach, although their effect on scale remains limited.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipRepublic of Trkiye's Ministry of National Education through the YLSY Scholarshipen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study is derived from the doctoral dissertation titled A Holistic Approach to Internationalisation: Motives, Enablers and Patterns of Emerging Market SMEs, conducted within the PhD programme at the University of St Andrews School of Management. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the support and sponsorship of the Republic of Turkiye's Ministry of National Education through the YLSY Scholarship, which has been instrumental in enabling this study.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.intman.2025.101281
dc.identifier.issn1075-4253
dc.identifier.issn1873-0620
dc.identifier.issue5en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105010336826en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2025.101281
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12684/21966
dc.identifier.volume31en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001568120500002en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of International Managementen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250911
dc.subjectEmerging marketsen_US
dc.subjectSMEsen_US
dc.subjectInternationalizationen_US
dc.subjectPatternsen_US
dc.subjectNetworksen_US
dc.subjectEntrepreneurshipen_US
dc.subjectGovernment supporten_US
dc.titleEmerging market SMEs' internationalization enablers and their influence on internationalization patterns: The case of Turkish automotive suppliersen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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