High work-function hole transport layers by self-assembly using a fluorinated additive

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dc.contributor.authorMauger, Scott A.
dc.contributor.authorLi, Jun
dc.contributor.authorÖzmen, Özge Tüzün
dc.contributor.authorYang, Andy Y.
dc.contributor.authorFriedrich, Stephan
dc.contributor.authorRail, M. Diego
dc.contributor.authorMoule, Adam J.
dc.date.accessioned2020-05-01T12:10:22Z
dc.date.available2020-05-01T12:10:22Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.departmentDÜ, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Fizik Bölümüen_US
dc.descriptionMoule, Adam/0000-0003-1354-3517en_US
dc.descriptionWOS: 000327849500014en_US
dc.description.abstractThe hole transport polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) derives many of its favorable properties from a PSS-rich interfacial layer that forms spontaneously during coating. Since PEDOT: PSS is only usable as a blend it is not possible to study PEDOT: PSS without this interfacial layer. Through the use of the self-doped polymer sulfonated poly(thiophene-3-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy) ethoxy]-2,5-diyl) (S-P3MEET) and a polyfluorinated ionomer (PFI) it is possible to compare transparent conducting organic films with and without interfacial layers and to understand their function. Using neutron reflectometry, we show that PFI preferentially segregates at the top surface of the film during coating and forms a thermally-stable surface layer. Because of this distribution we find that even small amounts of PFI increase the electron work function of the hole transport layer. We also find that annealing at 150 degrees C and above reduces the work function compared to samples heated at lower temperatures. Using near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and gas chromatography we show that this reduction in work function is due to S-P3MEET being doped by PFI. Organic photovoltaic devices with S-P3MEET/PFI hole transport layers yield higher power conversion efficiency than devices with pure S-P3MEET or PEDOT: PSS hole transport layers. Additionally, devices with a doped interface layer of S-P3MEET/PFI show superior performance to those with un-doped S-P3MEET.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipUS Department of Energy EERE Solar America Initiative [DE-FG3608GO18018]; DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences and Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryUnited States Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC52-07NA27344]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work and S.A.M. were supported by the US Department of Energy EERE Solar America Initiative under Contract no. DE-FG3608GO18018. This work benefited from the use of the Lujan Neutron Scattering Center at LANSCE funded by the DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences and Los Alamos National Laboratory under DOE Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396 and we thank Jarek Majewski and Peng Wang for their assistance with measurements and data analysis. Part of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. We would also like to thank Plextronics for the donation of S-P3MEET and Jonas Bergqvist and the research group of Prof. Mats Andersson for providing the APFO-3 polymer. We thank Elke Arenholz for help with the NEXAFS measurements. L.A.B. is a Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Fellow.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1039/c3tc30973hen_US
dc.identifier.endpage123en_US
dc.identifier.issn2050-7526
dc.identifier.issn2050-7534
dc.identifier.issue1en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.startpage115en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1039/c3tc30973h
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12684/6164
dc.identifier.volume2en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000327849500014en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherRoyal Soc Chemistryen_US
dc.relation.ispartofJournal Of Materials Chemistry Cen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.titleHigh work-function hole transport layers by self-assembly using a fluorinated additiveen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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