Assessment of nonchemical weed management of windmill palm (Trachycarpus fortunei) nursery

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dc.authoridInci, Deniz/0000-0002-7383-559X
dc.authoridULUDAG, Ahmet/0000-0002-7137-2616
dc.contributor.authorInci, Deniz
dc.contributor.authorUludag, Ahmet
dc.contributor.authorAl-Khatib, Kassim
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-11T20:48:25Z
dc.date.available2025-10-11T20:48:25Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentDüzce Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractThe windmill palm is a distinctive outdoor ornamental palm adapted to cooler climates. Weeds pose significant challenges in palm nurseries, particularly during seedling and establishment stages. This research was conducted in a nursery with 5,500 windmill palm seedlings, starting in April 2014, when the palm trees were 3 yr old. Experiments were terminated in October 2018 when weed control was no longer necessary due to the advanced growth of the palm trees. The objectives of this study were to determine the weed composition and diversity, elucidate the effects of mechanical weed management (MWM) on growth rate of palm, and develop a sustainable program to maximize palm tree growth through effective weed management and soil tillage. Few herbicides are registered for nursery use in T & uuml;rkiye, thus weed control was performed mechanically using garden hoeing machines between rows and hand hoeing for intrarow strips. The most common and dense weeds were purple nutsedge, annual mercury, and common purslane in summer and autumn, and burning nettle in winter and spring. In 2014, weed densities were 100, 127, and 145 weeds m-2 for MWM, hand-weeding (HW), and nontreated (NT) plots, respectively. Transplanted palm seedlings required at least two, ideally three growing seasons of intensive weed control until the palm tree crowns block sunlight and suppress weed growth. The research indicated that palm trees in the MWM treatment had approximately 84 leaves and a height of 210 cm by October 2018, compared with 54 leaves and a height of 136 cm for HW, and 40 leaves and 100 cm height for NT. These results highlight the critical role of MWM in promoting optimal growth of Chinese windmill palms. Effective and sustainable weed management, combining MWM and HW, is essential for producing high-quality palm trees. The research provides valuable insights for nursery managers and contributes to best practices for cultivating windmill palm trees in similar climatic regions.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1017/wet.2025.6
dc.identifier.issn0890-037X
dc.identifier.issn1550-2740
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105001091649en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1017/wet.2025.6
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12684/21917
dc.identifier.volume39en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001444364100001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherCambridge Univ Pressen_US
dc.relation.ispartofWeed Technologyen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250911
dc.subjectAnnual mercuryen_US
dc.subjectMercurialis annua L. MERANen_US
dc.subjectburning nettleen_US
dc.subjectUrtica urens L. URTURen_US
dc.subjectcommon purslaneen_US
dc.subjectPortulaca oleracea L. POROLen_US
dc.subjectpurple nutsedgeen_US
dc.subjectCyperus rotundus L. CYPROen_US
dc.subjectChinese windmill palmen_US
dc.subjectTrachycarpus fortunei (Hook.) H. Wendl.en_US
dc.subjectHand-weedingen_US
dc.subjecthoeingen_US
dc.subjectleaf productionen_US
dc.subjectpalm nurseryen_US
dc.subjectsoil tillageen_US
dc.subjecttrunk heighten_US
dc.titleAssessment of nonchemical weed management of windmill palm (Trachycarpus fortunei) nurseryen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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