Transforming industrial byproduct to eco-friendly functional material: Ground-granulated blast furnace slag reinforced paper for renewable energy storage

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dc.contributor.authorGençel, Osman Serden
dc.contributor.authorMusatat, Ahmad Badreddin
dc.contributor.authorDemir, Ahmet
dc.contributor.authorTozluoǧlu, Ayhan
dc.contributor.authorTutuş, Ahmet
dc.contributor.authorKıllı, Ufuk
dc.contributor.authorFidan, Hakan
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-11T20:45:21Z
dc.date.available2025-10-11T20:45:21Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentDüzce Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractThis study pioneered an eco-friendly approach for reutilizing Ground-granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) in paper production. This investigation is the first study focusing on the usage of paper production that presents both a new usage area of GGBFS and also a new sight. So, it can contribute to save the trees. Also, GGBFS gains economical value in paper production. 15–25 % integrated slag led to markedly enhanced brightness, density and smoothness accompanied by only minor mechanical strength decreases versus pure pulp. Significantly, the electrical analysis revealed a higher conductivity at higher frequency region reaching almost S value near to 1 which might be a good choice for electromagnetic shielding, thus; higher conductivity with increasing slag contents from pure paper's 10−11 S/cm up to 10−6 S/cm for 25 % addition which confirms the modified paper's usefulness as conductive slag agent. Although the higher addition of GGBFS has led to rising in relaxation time basically from 1.77e−4 to 2.95e−3 and based on Debye relaxation, the rising time in relaxation which was observed after the addition of GGBFS reveals better polarizability values 0.29–0.35 compared to control sample 0.26 by which both longer relaxation time and higher polarizability contribute to the ability of energy storage of modified papers. The conductive characteristics and improved qualities demonstrate these recyclable slag-modified papers present unique opportunities for emerging flexible, eco-friendly electronics, capacitors, electromagnetic shielding, and renewable energy storage applications. Overall, novel integration and characterization of slag waste for enhanced sustainable paper products pioneers an unexplored territory. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176616
dc.identifier.issn0048-9697
dc.identifier.issn1879-1026
dc.identifier.pmid39370002en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85206098555en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176616
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12684/21309
dc.identifier.volume954en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevier B.V.en_US
dc.relation.ispartofScience of the Total Environmenten_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.snmzKA_Scopus_20250911
dc.subjectElectrical And Optical Behavioren_US
dc.subjectGround-granulated Blast-furnace Slagen_US
dc.subjectPaperen_US
dc.subjectRecyclingen_US
dc.subjectSustainabilityen_US
dc.subjectEco-friendlyen_US
dc.subjectElectrical Behaviorsen_US
dc.subjectElectromagneticsen_US
dc.subjectGround Granulated Blast Furnace Slagen_US
dc.subjectHigh Conductivityen_US
dc.subjectIndustrial By-productsen_US
dc.subjectOptical Behaviouren_US
dc.subjectPaper Productionen_US
dc.subjectPolarizabilitiesen_US
dc.subjectRenewable Energy Storagesen_US
dc.subjectSlagsen_US
dc.subjectAlternative Energyen_US
dc.subjectByproducten_US
dc.subjectEnergy Storageen_US
dc.subjectRecyclingen_US
dc.subjectSlagen_US
dc.subjectArticleen_US
dc.subjectBrightnessen_US
dc.subjectConductanceen_US
dc.subjectControlled Studyen_US
dc.subjectElectronicsen_US
dc.subjectEnergyen_US
dc.subjectFurnaceen_US
dc.subjectPharmaceuticsen_US
dc.subjectRelaxation Timeen_US
dc.subjectRenewable Energyen_US
dc.subjectRising Time (sleep)en_US
dc.subjectConductivityen_US
dc.subjectEnergyen_US
dc.subjectPaper Productsen_US
dc.subjectProductionen_US
dc.subjectRelaxationen_US
dc.subjectShieldsen_US
dc.subjectSlagen_US
dc.subjectStorageen_US
dc.titleTransforming industrial byproduct to eco-friendly functional material: Ground-granulated blast furnace slag reinforced paper for renewable energy storageen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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