Bir sistem traktörü için diferansiyel tasarımı ve sonlu elemanlar analizinin yapılması
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Düzce Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Traktörler başlı başına mühendislik hesaplamalarını barındıran makinelerdir. Son yıllarda artan dünya nüfusu ile doğru orantılı olarak üretim de artmaktadır. Üretimin birinci safhasında rol oynayan traktörlerin gelişimi ise büyük derecede önem kazanmaktadır. Traktörün diferansiyelleri, dişlileri, dişli kovanları, şanzımanları boyut olarak büyük elemanlardır ve bu elemanların üretimleri de hem maliyetli hem de bir hayli zordur. Özellikle ana şanzıman ve diferansiyellerde herhangi bir arıza olduğunda, kalıbın değişmesi oldukça maliyetli bir işlemdir. Gelişen teknoloji ve bilgisayar yazılımları ile bu maliyetlerin azaltılması için, traktör diferansiyelinde, şanzımanında veya dişlilerinde meydana gelebilecek herhangi bir hatanın önceden bilinmesini sağlayan uygulamalar geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada özel traktör sınıfında bulunan, sürücü oturma yeri önde olan traktörün diferansiyeli tasarlanmış ve bahsi geçen sonlu elemanlar yazılımı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Öncelikle traktörün motorunun daha rahat çalışması için transmisyon değerleri belirlenmiştir. Traktörün 0-35 km/h arasında hıza ve maksimum 45 derece eğimde tırmanma özelliğine sahip olması, ön tasarım şartı olarak kabul edilmiş ve tasarımına başlanılmıştır. Traktör 8 ileri 1 geri vites bir şanzımana sahip olup takviye ve seri modları belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen bu modlardan diferansiyelin en çok zorlanacağı mod 1.vites olup bu değerden yararlanılarak diferansiyele, girişinden gelen moment belirlenmiştir. Bu değerler sonucunda tasarımı yapılan diferansiyel, analiz ortamına aktarılarak sonlu elemanlar analizi yapılmıştır.
Tractors are machines that involve engineering calculations in themselves. In recent years, production has been increasing in direct proportion to the increasing world population. The development of tractors, which play a role in the first phase of production, is of great importance. Tractor differentials, gears, gear barrels and transmissions are large elements and the production of these elements is both costly and difficult. Changing the mold is a very costly process, especially when there is a malfunction in the main transmission and differentials. In order to reduce these costs with developing technology and computer software, applications have been developed to predict any errors that may occur in the tractor differential, transmission or gears. In this study, the differential of the tractor with the driver's seat in the front, which is in the special tractor class, was designed and analyzed using finite elements software, one of the mentioned finite element programs. First of all, transmission values were determined for the tractor's engine to operate more easily. The fact that the tractor has a speed between 0-35 km/h and the ability to climb a maximum slope of 45 degrees was accepted as a preliminary design condition and the design was started. The tractor has a transmission with 8 forward and 1 reverse gear and boost and serial modes are determined. Among these determined modes, the mode in which the differential will have the most difficulty is the 1st gear, and by using this value, the torque coming from the input to the differential is determined. As a result of these values, the designed differential was transferred to the analysis environment and finite element analysis was performed.
Tractors are machines that involve engineering calculations in themselves. In recent years, production has been increasing in direct proportion to the increasing world population. The development of tractors, which play a role in the first phase of production, is of great importance. Tractor differentials, gears, gear barrels and transmissions are large elements and the production of these elements is both costly and difficult. Changing the mold is a very costly process, especially when there is a malfunction in the main transmission and differentials. In order to reduce these costs with developing technology and computer software, applications have been developed to predict any errors that may occur in the tractor differential, transmission or gears. In this study, the differential of the tractor with the driver's seat in the front, which is in the special tractor class, was designed and analyzed using finite elements software, one of the mentioned finite element programs. First of all, transmission values were determined for the tractor's engine to operate more easily. The fact that the tractor has a speed between 0-35 km/h and the ability to climb a maximum slope of 45 degrees was accepted as a preliminary design condition and the design was started. The tractor has a transmission with 8 forward and 1 reverse gear and boost and serial modes are determined. Among these determined modes, the mode in which the differential will have the most difficulty is the 1st gear, and by using this value, the torque coming from the input to the differential is determined. As a result of these values, the designed differential was transferred to the analysis environment and finite element analysis was performed.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Makine Mühendisliği, Mechanical Engineering, Ziraat
