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    Enhanced Enzyme Inhibitory Effects ofthe Nanohybrid Eggplant Extract: An Unusual Pharmaceutical Form for Medicinal Plant
    (Marmara Univ, Inst Health Sciences, 2024) Donmez, Ceylan; Koca-Caliskan, Ufuk; Eruygur, Nuraniye; Altinkaynak, Cevahir; Ozdemir, Nalan
    Objective: Recently, biosynthesis/synthesis of nanoflowers has become very attractive for chemical and pharmaceutical sciences, and enhanced enzyme activities. Various plant extracts and their active compounds are effectively used as organic component for novel nanoflowers synthesis. Solanum melongena L., commonly known as eggplant in English, a vegetable and medicinal plant belongs to Solanaceae family has several advantages in materials synthesis due to cheap and obtained easily. The aim of this study is to compare the enzyme ((alpha-glucosidase (AGase), alpha-amylase (AAase), tyrosinase (Tyr), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyryl cholinesterase (BChE)) inhibitory effects of the eggplant' calyx extract and its Solanum-inorganic hybrid nanoflower (Sm-ihNFs) via in vitro experimental Methods: The hybrid nanoflower was formed (NF) with organic molecules, eggplant extract (Sm), and inorganic compounds, copper to enhance the catalytic activities. The inhibition capacities of the eggplant extract, and its hybrid nanoflower were evaluated on selected enzymes (AGase, AAase, Tyr, AChE and BChE) which play significant roles physiologically by in vitro tests in this study. Results: According to inhibition percentages and IC50 values, Sm-ihNFs showed higher inhibitory activities on enzymes other than ache than the plain crude plant extract. Among all the enzymes that were studied, Sm-ihNFs demonstrated significantly higher alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibition activities compared to acarbose. And when compared to galantamine hydrobromide Sm-ihNFs showed higher enzyme inhibition and significant IC50 value. Conclusion: It was thought that Sm-ihNFs prepared from eggplant extract may have promising potential for antidiabetic drug formulations in the future. The hybrid nanoflowers will be promising and guide for the future work in terms of pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industry.
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    In Vitro Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibition Activity of Hesperis İsatidea (Boiss.) D.A. German & Al-Shehbaz (Brassicaceae) and its Anatomy
    (2021) Yıılmaz, Gülderen; Ekşi, Gülnur; Eruygur, Nuraniye; Ayaz, Fatma
    Hesperis isatidea (Brassicaceae) is a perennial herbaceous endemic plant known as “Allıgelin”. It has traditional use concerning the cough, wound, cold and vulnerary in the form of decoction and poultice in Eastern Turkey. In this study, the in vitro antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and metal chelating) and enzyme inhibitory activities (anticholinesterase, anti-tyrosinase) of H. isatideae were evaluated. Besides, the transverse sections were taken from the leaf, stem and fruit to determine the morphological and anatomical features of H. isatidea. The characteristic elements of the preparations were determined by Leica CME stereomicroscope and the distinctive features were shown in photographs. The obtained results of in vitro antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory assays suggest that H. isatidea may useful to develop bioactive compounds rich nutraceuticals for health care.
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    Synthesis and Characterization of Copper-Nanoflowers with the Utilization of Medicinal Plant Extracts for Enhanced Various Enzyme Inhibitory Activities
    (Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2022) Koca Çalışkan, Ufuk; Dönmez, Ceylan; Eruygur, Nuraniye; Ayaz, Fatma; Altınkaynak, Cevahir; Özdemir, Nalan
    In this study, organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers were synthesized using methanolic extracts of the medicinal plants Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. chia var. chia, Achillea wilhelmsii, Bongardia chrysogonum, Malva sylvestris, Phlomis grandiflora var. grandiflora, Verbascum sp. together with copper ions (Cu2+). The synthesized plant extract based-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers (PE-ihNFs) of A. chamaepitys subsp. chia var. chia (Ac-ihNFs), A. wilhelmsii (Aw-ihNfs), B. chrysogonum (Bc-ihNFs), M. sylvestris (Ms-ihNFs) P. grandiflora var. grandiflora (Pg-ihNFs), and Verbascum sp. (Vs-ihNFs) were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Also, several enzymes were selected to evaluate the enzyme inhibition activities of the synthesized PE-ihNFs. For the first-time, enzymes, tyrosinase, alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase, acetyl and butyryl cholinesterase inhibition activities of the PE-ihNFs with comparison to their plain plant extracts were evaluated in vitro. Results show that the among all the analyzed PE-ihNFs, demonstrated better alpha-glucosidase & alpha-amylase enzyme inhibition activity compared to the plain extracts. These initial studies are promising for the synthesis of these hybrid nanoflowers containing medicinal plant extracts, which might have commercial applications in the pharmaceutical and dermo-cosmetics industries.