Orman ürünleri endüstrisinde 5S sisteminin incelenmesi
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2025
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Düzce Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Teknolojinin hız kesmeden ilerlemesi ile birlikte insanoğlunun talep ve ihtiyaçları da büyük ölçüde değişmiştir. Pazardaki yerlerini korumanın ötesinde müşterilerin ürün ve hizmetlere yönelik artan taleplerine daha fazla cevap vermeyi ve sürekli önde olmayı hedefleyen işletmeler, üretimlerinde birçok yeniliğe başvurmak zorunda kalmıştır. İşletmeler, makine-teçhizat, personel, eğitim vb. çeşitli yatırımlarını arttırmanın yeterli olmadığının farkına varmış ve kalite sistemlerinin önemini kavramışlardır. Ülkemizde son 5 yılda işletmelerin giderleri özellikle Küresel Pandemi (Covid-19) sürecinde üretimlerin aksaması ve ithal edilen malzemelerin döviz bazlı kur artışlarından kaynaklı ithalata dayalı ürünlerde ciddi bir maliyet artışı olmuştur. Ayrıca küresel enflasyon da ülkemizde etkisini sert bir şekilde göstermiştir. İşletmelerde maliyetler her geçen gün hızla arttığından karlılık oranları düşmüştür. Bu nedenle işletmelerde verimlilik arttırma çalışmaları normalden çok daha fazla önem kazanmıştır. Malzeme, ekipman, iş gücü gibi faktörlerin doğru bir şekilde koordine edilerek maksimum fayda sağlanması zorunludur. Çalışma ortamındaki düzensizlikler, dağınıklıklar, kirli ve yağlı makine ve ekipmanlar üretimin aksamasına, zaman kayıplarına, makine arızalarının artmasına, ürün kalitesinin düşmesine ve hatta çalışanların iş güvenliğinin olumsuz yönde etkilenmesine yol açmaktadır. 5S sistemi uygulamaları, olası bu olumsuzlukları kolayca kontrol altına almak ve iç müşteriler (çalışanlar) için daha düzenli ve etkili bir çalışma ortamı sağlamak amacıyla kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada sürekli gelişme felsefesi ile faaliyet gösteren orman ürünleri sektöründe üretim yapan örnek bir işletmede 5S sisteminin uygulama aşamaları, uygulama öncesi ve sonrasında işletmede görülen değişimler incelenerek verimliliğin arttırılması hedeflenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçları, dolap montaj hattında gerçekleştirilen iyileştirmeler sayesinde %82,99 oranında alan kazanımı elde edildiğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca, montaj sürecinde sağlanan %36,79'luk zaman tasarrufu ve günlük üretim miktarında kaydedilen %59,40'lık artış, üretkenlik açısından önemli gelişmelere işaret etmektedir. 5S uygulamaları sonucunda işçilik maliyetlerinde %8,54 oranında bir azalma sağlanmış, buna ek olarak enerji tüketiminde %58,4 oranında tasarruf elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca, tutkal kürlenme süresinde %800 oranında bir iyileşme sağlanmıştır. Bu bulgular, üretim süreçlerinde uygulanan iyileştirmelerin etkinliğini ve sürdürülebilir verimlilik artışlarını gözler önüne sermektedir.
With the unabated advancement of technology, the demands and needs of humanity have also changed significantly. Aiming to respond more to the increasing demands of customers for products and services and to be constantly ahead, beyond maintaining their place in the market, businesses have had to resort to many innovations in their production. Businesses have realized that increasing their various investments such as machinery-equipment, personnel, training, etc. is not enough and have understood the importance of quality systems. In our country, in the last 5 years, there has been a serious cost increase in imported products due to the disruption of production and foreign exchange-based increases in imported materials due to the expenses of businesses, especially during the Global Pandemic (Covid-19). In addition, global inflation has also shown its effect in our country. Since costs in businesses are increasing rapidly every day, profitability rates have decreased. For this reason, efficiency increase efforts in businesses have gained much more importance than usual. It is imperative to correctly coordinate factors such as materials, equipment, and labor to provide maximum benefit. Irregularities, clutter, dirty and oily machinery and equipment in the work environment disrupt production, cause time losses, increase machine failures, decrease product quality and even negatively affect the occupational safety of employees. 5S system applications are used to easily control possible negativities and provide a more organized and effective work environment for internal customers (employees). In this study, it is aimed to increase productivity by examining the application stages of the 5S system in a sample enterprise operating in the forest products sector with the philosophy of continuous development, the changes seen in the enterprise before and after the application. The study results show that 82.99% space gain was achieved thanks to the improvements made in the cabinet assembly line. In addition, the 36.79% time saving provided in the assembly process and the 59.40% increase recorded in daily production amount indicate significant developments in terms of productivity. As a result of 5S applications, 8.54% decrease in labor costs was achieved, and in addition, 58.4% savings were achieved in energy consumption. Additionally, an 800% improvement in glue cure time was achieved. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the improvements implemented in production processes and the sustainable productivity gains.
With the unabated advancement of technology, the demands and needs of humanity have also changed significantly. Aiming to respond more to the increasing demands of customers for products and services and to be constantly ahead, beyond maintaining their place in the market, businesses have had to resort to many innovations in their production. Businesses have realized that increasing their various investments such as machinery-equipment, personnel, training, etc. is not enough and have understood the importance of quality systems. In our country, in the last 5 years, there has been a serious cost increase in imported products due to the disruption of production and foreign exchange-based increases in imported materials due to the expenses of businesses, especially during the Global Pandemic (Covid-19). In addition, global inflation has also shown its effect in our country. Since costs in businesses are increasing rapidly every day, profitability rates have decreased. For this reason, efficiency increase efforts in businesses have gained much more importance than usual. It is imperative to correctly coordinate factors such as materials, equipment, and labor to provide maximum benefit. Irregularities, clutter, dirty and oily machinery and equipment in the work environment disrupt production, cause time losses, increase machine failures, decrease product quality and even negatively affect the occupational safety of employees. 5S system applications are used to easily control possible negativities and provide a more organized and effective work environment for internal customers (employees). In this study, it is aimed to increase productivity by examining the application stages of the 5S system in a sample enterprise operating in the forest products sector with the philosophy of continuous development, the changes seen in the enterprise before and after the application. The study results show that 82.99% space gain was achieved thanks to the improvements made in the cabinet assembly line. In addition, the 36.79% time saving provided in the assembly process and the 59.40% increase recorded in daily production amount indicate significant developments in terms of productivity. As a result of 5S applications, 8.54% decrease in labor costs was achieved, and in addition, 58.4% savings were achieved in energy consumption. Additionally, an 800% improvement in glue cure time was achieved. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the improvements implemented in production processes and the sustainable productivity gains.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ağaç İşleri, Wood Products, Ormancılık ve Orman Mühendisliği
