Çakal eriğinin (Prunus spinosa L.) tohum teknolojisi üzerine bir araştırma
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Düzce Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Çakal eriği (ÇE, Prunus spinosa) boylu çalı formunda, dikenli bir bitki olup meyveleri insan sağlığı ve yaban hayatı için değerlidir. Bol miktarda C vitamini ve yararlı antioksidan içermektedir. ÇE zorlu ekolojik koşullara toleranslı olması nedeniyle marjinal alanların ağaçlandırılması ve peyzaj düzenlemesi için kullanışlı bir bitki türüdür. Tahrip görmüş alanlarda, yol kenarlarında ve ekoton bölgede sıklıkla karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Çok yönlü faydaları ve geniş doğal yayılışına karşın türün tohum teknolojisi üzerine yapılan çalışmalar oldukça sınırlıdır. ÇE tohumlarında hem kabuk hem de embriyo kaynaklı çimlenme engeli bulunmaktadır. Bu durum türün fidanlıklarda tohumla üretimini sınırlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Yığılca (Düzce) ve Mengen (Bolu) orijinlerinden toplanan ÇE tohumlarının önce bazı morfolojik tohum özellikleri belirlendi. Daha sonra çimlenme engelini gidermek amacıyla tohumlara 13 farklı ön işlem uygulandı. Ön işlemler; kontrol, katlama, GA3 uygulaması ve sülfürik asit uygulaması gibi farklı ön işlem kombinasyonlarını içermektedir. Ön işlem gören tohumlar 20°C sabit ve 10/20°C (16/8 saat) değişken sıcaklıkta laboratuvarda çimlendirildi ve ayrıca sera ortamına ekildi. Son olarak, hiç ön işlem görmemiş tohumlar dış ortama ekildi. Morfolojik tohum özellikleri bakımından orijinler arasında önemli farklılık bulunmamaktadır. Laboratuvar sonuçlarına göre; orijinin çimlenme yüzdesine (ÇY) etkisi önemsizken (p>0,05), ön işlem ve çimlendirme sıcaklığının etkisi önemli bulundu (p<0,05). Ayrıca orijin x ön işlem ve ön işlem x çimlendirme sıcaklığı etkileşimlerinin çimlenmeye etkisi önemlidir (p<0,05). Tohumlar değişken sıcaklıkta daha yüksek oranda çimlendi. En yüksek ÇY, 3 hafta sıcak katlama sonrası kabuk kırılarak 100 ppm GA3 (Giberellik asit) uygulanan ön işlemde sağlandı. Sera çimlenmeleri laboratuvar çimlenme sonuçlarına benzerlik gösterdi. Ön işlem uygulanmadan dış ortama ekilen ÇE tohumları ise çimlenme yüzdesi bakımından orijinler arasında önemli farklılık gösterdi.
Blackthorn (BT, Prunus spinosa) is a thorny plant in the form of a high bush and its fruits are valuable for human health and wildlife. It contains plenty of vitamin C and beneficial antioxidants. BT is a useful plant species for afforestation and landscaping of marginal areas due to its tolerance to harsh ecological conditions. It is frequently encountered in destroyed areas, roadsides and ecotone zones. Despite its versatile benefits and wide natural distribution, studies on the seed technology of the species are quite limited. BT seeds have both seed bark and embryo-induced dormancy. This limits the seedling production of the species by seeds in nurseries. In this study, some morphological seed characteristics of BT seeds collected from Yığılca (Düzce) and Mengen (Bolu) provenances were determined first. Then, 13 different pre-treatments were applied to the seeds in order to remove the seed dormancy. Pre-treatments includes different combinations such as control, bark removal, stratification, GA3 treatment and sulfuric acid treatment. Pre-treated seeds were germinated in the laboratory at a constant 20°C and a variable temperature of 10/20°C (16/8 hours) and also sown in a greenhouse environment. Finally, untreated seeds were sown outdoors. There is no significant difference between the provenances in terms of morphological seed characteristics. According to laboratory results; while the effect of provenance on germination percentage (GP) was insignificant (p>0.05), the effect of pretreatment and germination temperature was significant (p<0.05). In addition, the effect of provenance x pre-treatment and pre-treatment x germination temperature interactions on GP is significant (p<0.05). Seeds germinated at a higher rate at variable germination temperature. The highest GP was achieved in the pre-treatment in which 100 ppm GA3 (Giberellic acid) was applied by removing the bark after 3 weeks of warm stratification. Greenhouse germinations were similar to laboratory germination results. BT seeds sown outdoors without pretreatment showed significant differences between provenances in terms of germination percentage.
Blackthorn (BT, Prunus spinosa) is a thorny plant in the form of a high bush and its fruits are valuable for human health and wildlife. It contains plenty of vitamin C and beneficial antioxidants. BT is a useful plant species for afforestation and landscaping of marginal areas due to its tolerance to harsh ecological conditions. It is frequently encountered in destroyed areas, roadsides and ecotone zones. Despite its versatile benefits and wide natural distribution, studies on the seed technology of the species are quite limited. BT seeds have both seed bark and embryo-induced dormancy. This limits the seedling production of the species by seeds in nurseries. In this study, some morphological seed characteristics of BT seeds collected from Yığılca (Düzce) and Mengen (Bolu) provenances were determined first. Then, 13 different pre-treatments were applied to the seeds in order to remove the seed dormancy. Pre-treatments includes different combinations such as control, bark removal, stratification, GA3 treatment and sulfuric acid treatment. Pre-treated seeds were germinated in the laboratory at a constant 20°C and a variable temperature of 10/20°C (16/8 hours) and also sown in a greenhouse environment. Finally, untreated seeds were sown outdoors. There is no significant difference between the provenances in terms of morphological seed characteristics. According to laboratory results; while the effect of provenance on germination percentage (GP) was insignificant (p>0.05), the effect of pretreatment and germination temperature was significant (p<0.05). In addition, the effect of provenance x pre-treatment and pre-treatment x germination temperature interactions on GP is significant (p<0.05). Seeds germinated at a higher rate at variable germination temperature. The highest GP was achieved in the pre-treatment in which 100 ppm GA3 (Giberellic acid) was applied by removing the bark after 3 weeks of warm stratification. Greenhouse germinations were similar to laboratory germination results. BT seeds sown outdoors without pretreatment showed significant differences between provenances in terms of germination percentage.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ormancılık ve Orman Mühendisliği, Forestry and Forest Engineering
