Yığılca yöresi ballarının polen analizi ve ballı bitkiler florası
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2020
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Düzce Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada, Yığılca (Düzce) Balköy Bal Üretim Ormanı' nın florası incelenmiş ve bal ormanı çevresinde üretilen ballarda polen analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, alanın florası ile ballarda tespit edilen bitki türleri karşılaştırılarak Yığılca arısının bal üretiminde kullandığı bitkiler tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma alanı, Batı Karadeniz Bölgesi içerisinde yer almaktadır ve toplam 150 ha büyüklüğündedir. Alanın yükseltisi 700-1100 metre arasında değişmektedir. Bölge, Davis (1965)'in karelaj sistemine göre A3 karesi içerisinde yer almaktadır. 2019-2020 yılları arasında yapılan arazi çalışmaları ile toplam 159 bitki toplanmıştır. Bitki teşhisleri sonucunda 46 familyaya ve 104 cinse ait toplam 137 takson tespit edilmiştir. Alanda sadece bir endemik takson saptanmıştır. Çalışma alanında tespit edilen bitki taksonlarının fitocoğrafik bölgelere göre dağılımları, Avrupa-Sibirya %41,61, İran-Turan %0,73, Akdeniz %3,65, geniş yayılışlı veya fitocoğrafik bölgesi bilinmeyenler ise %54,01 olarak belirlenmiştir. En çok cins içeren familya 15 cins ile Asteraceae, en çok tür içeren familya da yine 21 tür ile Asteraceae familyasıdır. En büyük cins ise 5 taksonla Cirsium'dur. Tezin diğer bir amacı doğrultusunda; Yığılca Balköy Bal Üretim Ormanı çevresinde üretilen ballardan bal hasat dönemleri olan Mayıs- Haziran- Temmuz ve Ağustos aylarında toplam 7 farklı bal örneğinde polen analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Balda polen analizleri sonucunda Rhododendron ponticum, Fagus orientalis, Castanea sativa ve Quercus sp. dominant ve sekonder polenler olarak tespit edilmiştir. Aynı bal örneklerinde Agrimonia repens, Crataegus sp., Potentilla sp., Pyracantha coccinea, Rosa canina ve Rubus sp. minör polen olarak belirlenmiştir. Eser olarak saptanan polen familyaları ise; Adoxaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Betulaceae, Boraginaceae, Brassicaceae, Campanulaceae, Cupressaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Gentianaceae, Geraniaceae, Iridaceae, Lamiaceae, Oleaceae, Onagraceae, Pinaceae, Plantaginaceae, Poaceae, Primulaceae, Ranunculaceae, Scrophulariaceae ve Urticaceae'dir. Bal örneklerinde yapılan polen analizleri sonucunda, 27 adet takson bazında, 15 adet cins bazında polen tespit edilmiştir. Bal örneklerinde bulunan polenlerle alandaki bitki türleri karşılaştırıldığında Yığılca arısının taşıdığı polenler alanın florası ile de örtüşmektedir.
In this study, the flora of Yığılca (Düzce) Balköy Honey Production Forest was examined and pollen analyzes were carried out on honey produced around the honey forest. As a result of the study, the plants used by Yığılca bee in honey production were determined by comparing the flora of the area with the plant species detected in honey. The study area is located in the Western Black Sea Region and has a total size of 150 ha. The altitude of the area varies between 700-1100 meters. The region is located in A3 square according to the grid system of Davis (1965). A total of 159 plants were collected during the field studies between 2019-2020. As a result of the plant identification, a total of 137 taxa belonging to 46 families and 104 genera were determined. Only one endemic taxon was detected in the area. The distribution of plant taxa in the study area according to phytogeographical regions was determined as 41.61% in Euro-Siberian, 0.73% in Irano-Turanian, 3.65% in the Mediterranean, and 54.01% in those with a wide distribution or whose phytogeographical region is unknown. The family with the most genera is Asteraceae with 15 genera and the family with the most species is Asteraceae with 21 species. The largest genus is Cirsium with 5 taxa. In line with another purpose of the thesis; Pollen analyzes were carried out on 7 different honey samples from honey produced in the vicinity of Yığılca Balköy Honey Production Forest during the honey harvest periods in May-June-July and August. As a result of the pollen analysis in honey, Rhododendron ponticum, Fagus orientalis, Castanea sativa and Quercus sp. determined as dominant and secondary pollens. Pollen families identified as traces are; Adoxaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Betulaceae, Boraginaceae, Brassicaceae, Campanulaceae, Cupressaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Gentianaceae, Geraniaceae, Iridaceae, Lamiaceae, Pinaceae. As a result of the pollen analysis performed on honey samples, pollens were determined on the basis of 27 taxa and 15 on the basis of genera. When the pollens in the honey samples are compared with the plant species in the field, the pollen carried by the Yığılca bee coincides with the flora of the area.
In this study, the flora of Yığılca (Düzce) Balköy Honey Production Forest was examined and pollen analyzes were carried out on honey produced around the honey forest. As a result of the study, the plants used by Yığılca bee in honey production were determined by comparing the flora of the area with the plant species detected in honey. The study area is located in the Western Black Sea Region and has a total size of 150 ha. The altitude of the area varies between 700-1100 meters. The region is located in A3 square according to the grid system of Davis (1965). A total of 159 plants were collected during the field studies between 2019-2020. As a result of the plant identification, a total of 137 taxa belonging to 46 families and 104 genera were determined. Only one endemic taxon was detected in the area. The distribution of plant taxa in the study area according to phytogeographical regions was determined as 41.61% in Euro-Siberian, 0.73% in Irano-Turanian, 3.65% in the Mediterranean, and 54.01% in those with a wide distribution or whose phytogeographical region is unknown. The family with the most genera is Asteraceae with 15 genera and the family with the most species is Asteraceae with 21 species. The largest genus is Cirsium with 5 taxa. In line with another purpose of the thesis; Pollen analyzes were carried out on 7 different honey samples from honey produced in the vicinity of Yığılca Balköy Honey Production Forest during the honey harvest periods in May-June-July and August. As a result of the pollen analysis in honey, Rhododendron ponticum, Fagus orientalis, Castanea sativa and Quercus sp. determined as dominant and secondary pollens. Pollen families identified as traces are; Adoxaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Betulaceae, Boraginaceae, Brassicaceae, Campanulaceae, Cupressaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Gentianaceae, Geraniaceae, Iridaceae, Lamiaceae, Pinaceae. As a result of the pollen analysis performed on honey samples, pollens were determined on the basis of 27 taxa and 15 on the basis of genera. When the pollens in the honey samples are compared with the plant species in the field, the pollen carried by the Yığılca bee coincides with the flora of the area.
Açıklama
YÖK Tez No: 650353
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ormancılık ve Orman Mühendisliği, Forestry and Forest Engineering, Bal, Honey, Bal arısı, Honey bee, Bitki taksonomisi, Plant taxonomy, Bitki tanıma, Plant recognition, Flora, Flora, Palinoloji, Palinology, Palinolojik analiz, Palinologic analysis