Kent içi yaya ve araç sirkülasyonundaki bitkilendirme standartlarının Düzce örneğinde irdelenmesi
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Date
2023
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Düzce Üniversitesi
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Açık ve yeşil alanlar kentlerin önemli nefes alma ve kentin ekolojik sürdürülebilirliği için önemli merkezleri oluşturmaktadır. Kent içerisinde yaya ve araç yolları kentsel peyzajın önemli yapay koridorları olup ekolojik açıdan da kente önemli katkılar sağlamaktadırlar. Yollar üzerindeki ağaçlar, ağaççık ve çalılar, yer örtücüler ve mevsimlik çiçekler yeşil alanların vazgeçilmezleridir. Araç ve yaya yolları bitkilendirmesi kentin içindeki yeşil dokunun sürekliliğini sağlamakta büyük bir etkendir. Kentlerde bu yönde yapılan bitkilendirmenin gerek uygulamadan gerekse de ekolojik koşullardan kaynaklı sorunları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında Düzce kenti kentsel çekirdek ve çevresinde yer alan D-100 Karayolu, Akçakoca Karayolu, 9 bulvar, 18 cadde ve 14 sokağa ilişkin bitkilendirme standartları, bitki tür seçimleri, bitki dikim aralıkları değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında literatür ve standartlardan faydalanılarak, bir kriter ve puanlama sistemi geliştirilmiştir. İkinci aşamada çalışma alanındaki örnekler bu puanlama sistemine göre puanlanmış ve çok uygun, uygun ve az uygun olarak üçlü gruplandırma yapılmıştır. Elde edilen verilere göre, tüm bulvarlarda tür seçimi açısından benzer seçimler söz konusu iken dikim standartları açısından farklılık gösterdiği görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, tercih edilen bitki türü, bitkiler arası mesafe, bitki boyu, taç genişliği, taç altı yüksekliği, ağaç gövde çevresi ve elektrik-levha mesafesi gibi kriterler hem araç hem de yayalar tarafından aktif olarak kullanılan yolların fonksiyonunu doğrudan etkilemektedir.
Open and green spaces are important centers for important breathing and urban ecological sustainability of cities. Pedestrian and vehicle roads in the city are important plant corridors of the landscape, and ecological taxes also provide important contributions to the city. Trees, shrubs and bushes, ground covers and seasonal flowers on the roads are indispensable for green partitions. Vegetation of vehicle and pedestrian roads is a major factor in ensuring the continuity of green in the city. It also brings with it the restrictions arising from both the application and ecological resources of the planting done in this direction in the cities. Within the scope of this study, planting standards, plant species selections, planting spacings for D-100 Highway, Akçakoca Highway, 9 boulevards, 18 streets and 14 streets in and around the urban core of Düzce city were evaluated. In the first stage of the study, a criteria and scoring system was developed by making use of the literature and standards. In the second stage, the samples in the study area were scored according to this scoring system and triple grouped as very appropriate, appropriate and less appropriate. According to the data obtained, it was seen that while there were similar choices in terms of species selection in all boulevards, there were differences in terms of planting standards. As a result, criteria such as preferred plant type, distance between plants, plant height, crown width, under-crown height, tree trunk circumference and electrical-plate distance directly affect the function of roads actively used by both vehicles and pedestrians.
Open and green spaces are important centers for important breathing and urban ecological sustainability of cities. Pedestrian and vehicle roads in the city are important plant corridors of the landscape, and ecological taxes also provide important contributions to the city. Trees, shrubs and bushes, ground covers and seasonal flowers on the roads are indispensable for green partitions. Vegetation of vehicle and pedestrian roads is a major factor in ensuring the continuity of green in the city. It also brings with it the restrictions arising from both the application and ecological resources of the planting done in this direction in the cities. Within the scope of this study, planting standards, plant species selections, planting spacings for D-100 Highway, Akçakoca Highway, 9 boulevards, 18 streets and 14 streets in and around the urban core of Düzce city were evaluated. In the first stage of the study, a criteria and scoring system was developed by making use of the literature and standards. In the second stage, the samples in the study area were scored according to this scoring system and triple grouped as very appropriate, appropriate and less appropriate. According to the data obtained, it was seen that while there were similar choices in terms of species selection in all boulevards, there were differences in terms of planting standards. As a result, criteria such as preferred plant type, distance between plants, plant height, crown width, under-crown height, tree trunk circumference and electrical-plate distance directly affect the function of roads actively used by both vehicles and pedestrians.
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Keywords
Peyzaj Mimarlığı, Landscape Architecture
