Otizm spektrum bozukluğuna sahip çocukların problem davranışları ve problem davranışların etkilerine ilişkin ebeveyn görüşleri
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Düzce Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu araştırmada otizm spektrum bozukluğuna (OSB) sahip çocuklar tarafından sergilenen problem davranışlar ve problem davranışların etkilerine ilişkin ebeveyn görüşlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ebeveynlerin OSB'li çocuklarında gözlemledikleri problem davranışlara ilişkin görüşlerinin alınmasında nitel araştırma desenlerinden fenomenoloji araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcıları 6-17 yaş aralığında bulunan ve OSB tanısı almış çocuk sahibi ebeveynlerdir. Araştırmada 2023-2024 eğitim öğretim yılında Sivas il merkezinde ikamet eden, OSB tanısı almış çocuk sahibi 8 baba ve 13 anne olmak üzere toplamda 21 ebeveyn ile araştırma konusuna ilişkin yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılarak araştırmanın verilerine ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri araştırmacı ve tez danışmanı tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Ebeveynlerle yapılan görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler tümdengelimci analiz yöntemiyle çözümlenmiş ve bulgular başlığı altında yorumlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında birçok bulguya ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmada ebeveynlerin problem davranışları tanımlarken çocuklarında gözlemledikleri davranışlardan etkilendikleri ve farklı şekillerde tanımlamalar yaptıkları belirlenmiştir. OSB'li çocuklar tarafından sergilenen problem davranışların ev, okul ve toplumsal yaşam alanlarında sergilendiği ve bu davranışların stereotipik davranışlardan, çocuğun kendisine ve çevresindekilere zarar veren davranışlara; ses çıkarmayla ilgili davranışlardan, saldırgan davranışlara kadar geniş bir yelpazede görüldüğü tespit edilmiştir. OSB'li çocuklar tarafından sergilenen problem davranışların hem OSB'li çocukları hem de onların ebeveynlerini etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında elde edilen bulgular ebeveynlerin OSB'li çocukları tarafından sergilenen problem davranışlardan kaynaklı olarak bilgi desteği ve/veya psikolojik destek aldıklarını ve destek hizmetlerinin çoğunlukla öğretmenler ve doktorlar tarafından sunulduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. OSB'li çocuklar tarafından sergilenen problem davranışların en çok isteklerini elde etmek amacıyla sergilendiği de bu araştırma kapsamında belirlenmiştir. Problem davranışlarla karşılaşıldığında ebeveynlerin çocuklarıyla iletişime geçtikleri ve onlarla konuştukları görülmüştür. Ebeveynlerin OSB'li çocukları tarafından sergilenen olumlu davranışlar karşısında onları çeşitli şekillerde ödüllendirdikleri ve olumsuz davranışların azaltılmasında da en çok cezaya başvurdukları bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Son olarak ebeveynlerin OSB'li çocuklarına, diğer ailelere, öğretmenlere ve kurumlara ilişkin de çeşitli beklentilerinin bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında ulaşılan bulgular ilgili alan yazını çerçevesinde tartışılmış ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
In this study, it was aimed to examine parents' views on the problem behaviors exhibited by children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the effects of problem behaviors. Phenomenology research design, one of the qualitative research designs, was used to obtain parents' views on the problem behaviors they observed in their children with ASD. The participants of the study were parents of children between the ages of 6-17 and diagnosed with ASD. The data of the study were obtained by conducting face-to-face interviews with a total of 21 parents, 8 fathers and 13 mothers, who have children diagnosed with ASD and reside in Sivas city center in the 2023-2024 academic year. The data were collected using a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher and the thesis advisor. The data obtained from the interviews with the parents were analyzed by deductive analysis method and interpreted under the title of findings. Many findings were obtained within the scope of the research. In the study, it was determined that parents were influenced by the behaviors they observed in their children when defining problem behaviors and made definitions in different ways. It was determined that the problem behaviors exhibited by children with ASD are exhibited in home, school and social life areas and that these behaviors are seen in a wide range from stereotypical behaviors to behaviors that harm the child and those around him/her; from behaviors related to making noise to aggressive behaviors. It has been determined that the problem behaviors exhibited by children with ASD affect both children with ASD and their parents. The findings of the study reveal that parents receive information support and/or psychological support due to the problem behaviors exhibited by their children with ASD and that support services are mostly provided by teachers and doctors. It was also determined within the scope of this study that the problem behaviors exhibited by children with ASD were mostly exhibited in order to obtain their wishes. It was observed that parents communicated with their children and talked to them when problem behaviors were encountered. It was found that parents rewarded their children with ASD in various ways for positive behaviors exhibited by their children with ASD and that they mostly used punishment to reduce negative behaviors. Finally, it was also found that parents had various expectations regarding their children with ASD, other families, teachers and institutions. The findings of the study were discussed within the framework of the related literature and recommendations were made.
In this study, it was aimed to examine parents' views on the problem behaviors exhibited by children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the effects of problem behaviors. Phenomenology research design, one of the qualitative research designs, was used to obtain parents' views on the problem behaviors they observed in their children with ASD. The participants of the study were parents of children between the ages of 6-17 and diagnosed with ASD. The data of the study were obtained by conducting face-to-face interviews with a total of 21 parents, 8 fathers and 13 mothers, who have children diagnosed with ASD and reside in Sivas city center in the 2023-2024 academic year. The data were collected using a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher and the thesis advisor. The data obtained from the interviews with the parents were analyzed by deductive analysis method and interpreted under the title of findings. Many findings were obtained within the scope of the research. In the study, it was determined that parents were influenced by the behaviors they observed in their children when defining problem behaviors and made definitions in different ways. It was determined that the problem behaviors exhibited by children with ASD are exhibited in home, school and social life areas and that these behaviors are seen in a wide range from stereotypical behaviors to behaviors that harm the child and those around him/her; from behaviors related to making noise to aggressive behaviors. It has been determined that the problem behaviors exhibited by children with ASD affect both children with ASD and their parents. The findings of the study reveal that parents receive information support and/or psychological support due to the problem behaviors exhibited by their children with ASD and that support services are mostly provided by teachers and doctors. It was also determined within the scope of this study that the problem behaviors exhibited by children with ASD were mostly exhibited in order to obtain their wishes. It was observed that parents communicated with their children and talked to them when problem behaviors were encountered. It was found that parents rewarded their children with ASD in various ways for positive behaviors exhibited by their children with ASD and that they mostly used punishment to reduce negative behaviors. Finally, it was also found that parents had various expectations regarding their children with ASD, other families, teachers and institutions. The findings of the study were discussed within the framework of the related literature and recommendations were made.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Eğitim ve Öğretim, Education and Training
