Ferrokrom tesisi baca tozunun portland çimento hidratasyonuna ve mekanik özelliklerine etkilerinin araştırılması
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2025
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Düzce Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Portland çimento üretimi, küresel karbondioksit emisyonlarının %5-7'sinden sorumludur. Ayrıca büyük miktarlardaki ferrokrom atıklarının depolama alanlarının yetersizliği ve çevresel etkileri nedeniyle önemli bir sorun olduğu ve bu ürünlerin inşaat malzemesi olarak kullanılmasıyla çevresel ve sosyo-ekonomik fayda sağlanabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle ferrokrom üretimi sırasında oluşan ferrokrom cürufu ve ferrokrom baca tozu gibi yan ürünleri geri dönüştürmek ve karbondioksit emisyonlarını azaltmak için çimento teknolosinde yoğun araştırmalar devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, ferrokrom baca tozunun (FBT) sürdürülebilir çimento üretimi için tamamlayıcı bir çimento malzemesi olarak kullanılabilirliği araştırılmaktadır. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında, Portland çimento (PÇ) ve FBT'nin fizikokimyasal özellikleri farklı analiz teknikleri kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. İkinci aşamada, PÇ'ye ağırlıkça %0, %2,5, %5, %7,5 ve %10 oranlarında FBT ikame edilerek 5 tip çimento elde edilmiştir. Daha sonra bu çimentolarla hazırlanan çimento hamurlarının su ihtiyaçları, genleşme ve priz süreleri standart çimento deneyleriyle belirlenmiştir. Üçüncü aşamada, hidratasyonun 28. gününde X-ışını kırınımı (XRD), fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi spektroskopisi (FT-IR), eş zamanlı termal analiz (DTA/TGA), taramalı elektron mikroskobu ve enerji dağılımlı X-ışını spektroskopisi (SEM/EDS) gibi ileri analitik teknikleriyle reaksiyon ürünleri izlenmiştir. Son aşamada, harçların 1, 2, 7, 28 ve 90. günlerdeki basınç dayanımları tespit edilmiştir. FBT ile hazırlanan çimento hamurlarının mikro yapı incelemesi, kalsiyum silikat hidrat (C-S-H), C-S-H'nın ışınsal lifsi yapısı, kalsiyum hidrat (CH) ve hegzagonal yapıdaki etrenjit (AFt) kristallerinin heterojen bir dağılımla kompak bir yapı oluşturduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca FBT'nin alüminosilikat bileşimlerinin yanı sıra zengin bir MgO kaynağı olması, erken yaşlardaki basınç dayanımlarının artmasına neden olmuştur. Sonuç olarak bu veriler, çevre kirliliğine ve sağlık tehlikesine neden olan FBT'nin çimento ikame malzemesi olarak kullanılması sayesinde ekonomik ve ekolojik yararların sağlanabileceğini göstermektedir.
Portland cement production is responsible for 5-7% of global carbon dioxide emissions. It is also considered that large quantities of ferrochrome wastes are a significant problem due to the lack of storage areas and environmental impacts, and that environmental and socio-economic benefits can be achieved by using these products as construction materials. For this reason, intensive researches are continuing in cement technology to recycle by-products such as ferrochrome slag and ferrochrome flue dust generated during Ferrochrome production and to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. In this study, the usability of ferrochrome flue dust (FBT) as a supplementary cement material for sustainable cement production is investigated. In the first stage of the study, the physicochemical properties of Portland cement (PC) and FBT were determined using different analysis techniques. In the second stage, 5 types of cement were obtained by substituting FBT into PC at rates of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% by weight. Then, the water requirements, expansion and setting times of the cement pastes prepared with these cements were determined by standard cement tests. In the third stage, reaction products were monitored on the 28th day of hydration by advanced analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), simultaneous thermal analysis (DTA/TGA), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). In the final stage, the compressive strengths of the mortars at 1, 2, 7, 28 and 90 days were determined. Microstructure analysis of cement pastes prepared with FBT showed that calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), radial fibrous structure of C-S-H, calcium hydrate (CH) and hexagonal etrengite (AFt) crystals formed a compact structure with a heterogeneous distribution. In addition, the fact that FBT is a rich source of MgO as well as aluminosilicate compositions caused an increase in compressive strength at early ages. In conclusion, these data show that economic and ecological benefits can be achieved by using FBT, which causes environmental pollution and health hazards, as a cement substitution material.
Portland cement production is responsible for 5-7% of global carbon dioxide emissions. It is also considered that large quantities of ferrochrome wastes are a significant problem due to the lack of storage areas and environmental impacts, and that environmental and socio-economic benefits can be achieved by using these products as construction materials. For this reason, intensive researches are continuing in cement technology to recycle by-products such as ferrochrome slag and ferrochrome flue dust generated during Ferrochrome production and to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. In this study, the usability of ferrochrome flue dust (FBT) as a supplementary cement material for sustainable cement production is investigated. In the first stage of the study, the physicochemical properties of Portland cement (PC) and FBT were determined using different analysis techniques. In the second stage, 5 types of cement were obtained by substituting FBT into PC at rates of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% by weight. Then, the water requirements, expansion and setting times of the cement pastes prepared with these cements were determined by standard cement tests. In the third stage, reaction products were monitored on the 28th day of hydration by advanced analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), simultaneous thermal analysis (DTA/TGA), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). In the final stage, the compressive strengths of the mortars at 1, 2, 7, 28 and 90 days were determined. Microstructure analysis of cement pastes prepared with FBT showed that calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), radial fibrous structure of C-S-H, calcium hydrate (CH) and hexagonal etrengite (AFt) crystals formed a compact structure with a heterogeneous distribution. In addition, the fact that FBT is a rich source of MgO as well as aluminosilicate compositions caused an increase in compressive strength at early ages. In conclusion, these data show that economic and ecological benefits can be achieved by using FBT, which causes environmental pollution and health hazards, as a cement substitution material.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
İnşaat Mühendisliği, Civil Engineering
