Daire testere makinesinde farklı malzeme ve işleme parametrelerinin toz ve gürültü seviyelerine etkisi
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2025
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Düzce Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Ahşap işleme endüstrisi, çalışanların iş sağlığı ve güvenliği açısından dikkatle ele alınması gereken toz ve gürültü maruziyetine sebep olan pek çok üretim sürecini içermektedir. Toz partikülleri, solunum yollarında ciddi sağlık sorunlarına neden olabilirken, yüksek düzeyde gürültüye maruz kalma işitme kaybı, stres ve çalışma performansında azalma gibi olumsuz etkiler doğurabilmektedir. Bu tez çalışması, ahşap işleme endüstrisinde toz ve gürültü maruziyetinin işçi sağlığı üzerindeki etkilerini analiz etmeyi ve bu etkileri azaltmaya yönelik öneriler sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada mobilya endüstrisinde sıkça kullanılan malzemeler olan sarıçam, kayın, kontrplak, MDF, OSB, ve yonga levha örnekleri, daire testere makinesinde 2 farklı daire testere devir sayısı (3000 ve 6000 d/dk), 2 farklı malzeme besleme hızı (5 ve 9 m/dk) kullanarak 3 farklı diş sayısına (28, 48 ve 60) sahip daire testereler ile toz emici açık ve kapalı haldeyken kesilmiştir. Kesim işlemleri sırasında ortamdaki 10 µm'den küçük olan partikül maddeler (PM10) gerçek zamanlı partikül madde ölçüm cihazıyla μg/m³ cinsinden, gürültü seviyeleri ise desibel metre cihazı kullanılarak desibel dB(A) cinsinden kaydedilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler ANOVA ve Duncan çoklu aralık testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiş ve sonuçlar farklı malzemeler ve işleme parametrelerine göre kıyaslanmıştır. Daha sonra ise, yüzey yanıt yöntemi kullanılarak her bir malzeme için gürültü ve PM10 verilerini optimize edecek çalışma parametreleri belirlenmiştir. Analizler, farklı malzemelerin işlenmesinde, çalışmada kullanılan parametrelerin toz ve gürültü oluşumunda belirgin farklılıklara neden olduğunu göstermiştir. Genel olarak değerler birbirlerine yakın olmasına rağmen, sarıçam örneklerin kesiminde oluşan gürültü değeri, en düşük gürültü değerine sahip MDF örneklere göre %2,8 daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Ayrıca kayın, kontrplak, OSB ve yonga levha malzemelerine göre ise sırasıyla %1,2, %0,9, %2,5 ve %1,4 daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Farklı ağaç malzemelerin daire testere ile kesilmesi sırasında oluşan PM10 miktarları üzerine malzeme türünün ve diğer tüm faktörlerin etkisi de istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. PM10 miktarı en yüksek yonga levhada, en düşük ise sarıçam örneklerde tespit edilmiştir. Yonga levhadaki PM10 miktarı, sarıçama göre %84 daha yüksektir. Araştırma bulguları, toz ve gürültü maruziyetinin çalışma ortamında minimize edilmesi gerektiğini açıkça ortaya koymaktadır.
The woodworking industry encompasses numerous production processes that expose workers to dust and noise, which must be addressed with care in terms of occupational health and safety. Dust particles can cause severe respiratory health issues, while exposure to high noise levels can lead to hearing loss, stress, and a decline in work performance. This thesis aims to analyze the effects of dust and noise exposure on worker health in the woodworking industry and to propose recommendations for mitigating these impacts. In the study, samples of Scots pine, beech, plywood, MDF, OSB, and particleboard, which are materials frequently used in the woodworking industry, were cut on a circular saw machine using two different saw blade rotation speeds (3000 and 6000 rpm), two different material feed rates (5 and 9 m/min), and saw blades with three different tooth counts (28, 48, and 60). The cutting operations were conducted with the dust extraction system both on and off. During the cutting processes, the amount of particulate matter (PM10) in the environment was measured in real time using a particulate matter measuring device and recorded in μg/m³, while noise levels were recorded in decibels dB(A) using a decibel meter. The collected data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan tests, and the results were compared based on different materials and processing parameters. Subsequently, the response surface methodology was employed to determine the optimal processing parameters for minimizing noise and dust data for each material. The analyses revealed that the parameters used in the study caused significant differences in dust and noise generation during the processing of different materials. Although the overall values were relatively close to each other, the noise level recorded during the cutting of Scots pine samples was found to be 2,8% higher compared to MDF samples, which exhibited the lowest noise levels. Additionally, the noise levels for Scots pine were 1,2%, 0,9%, 2,5%, and 1,4% higher compared to beech, plywood, OSB, and particleboard, respectively. The effect of material type and all other factors on the amount of particulate matter (PM10) generated during the cutting of different wood materials with a circular saw was also found to be statistically significant. The highest PM10 level was observed in particleboard, while the lowest was detected in Scots pine samples. The PM10 amount in particleboard was 84% higher than in Scots pine. The research findings clearly demonstrate the necessity of minimizing dust and noise exposure in the workplace.
The woodworking industry encompasses numerous production processes that expose workers to dust and noise, which must be addressed with care in terms of occupational health and safety. Dust particles can cause severe respiratory health issues, while exposure to high noise levels can lead to hearing loss, stress, and a decline in work performance. This thesis aims to analyze the effects of dust and noise exposure on worker health in the woodworking industry and to propose recommendations for mitigating these impacts. In the study, samples of Scots pine, beech, plywood, MDF, OSB, and particleboard, which are materials frequently used in the woodworking industry, were cut on a circular saw machine using two different saw blade rotation speeds (3000 and 6000 rpm), two different material feed rates (5 and 9 m/min), and saw blades with three different tooth counts (28, 48, and 60). The cutting operations were conducted with the dust extraction system both on and off. During the cutting processes, the amount of particulate matter (PM10) in the environment was measured in real time using a particulate matter measuring device and recorded in μg/m³, while noise levels were recorded in decibels dB(A) using a decibel meter. The collected data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan tests, and the results were compared based on different materials and processing parameters. Subsequently, the response surface methodology was employed to determine the optimal processing parameters for minimizing noise and dust data for each material. The analyses revealed that the parameters used in the study caused significant differences in dust and noise generation during the processing of different materials. Although the overall values were relatively close to each other, the noise level recorded during the cutting of Scots pine samples was found to be 2,8% higher compared to MDF samples, which exhibited the lowest noise levels. Additionally, the noise levels for Scots pine were 1,2%, 0,9%, 2,5%, and 1,4% higher compared to beech, plywood, OSB, and particleboard, respectively. The effect of material type and all other factors on the amount of particulate matter (PM10) generated during the cutting of different wood materials with a circular saw was also found to be statistically significant. The highest PM10 level was observed in particleboard, while the lowest was detected in Scots pine samples. The PM10 amount in particleboard was 84% higher than in Scots pine. The research findings clearly demonstrate the necessity of minimizing dust and noise exposure in the workplace.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ağaç İşleri, Wood Products
