Pandemi ışığında modülerite ve pop up kavramlarıyla sağlık yapılarına esnek bakış
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Düzce Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Mimarlık çalışmaları; teknolojik, ekonomik, toplumsal, sosyal ve kültürel değişimlere göre gelişmektedir. Teknoloji ise mimarlığın gelişmesinde her dönem aktif rol üstlenmiştir. Endüstri devrimiyle başlayan teknolojik gelişmeler sonucu dünya genelinde çok hızlı bir büyüme meydana gelmiştir. Bu duruma plansız ve öngörüsüz kentlerdeki aşırı nüfus artışları da eklenince salgın hastalıkların oluşması ve yayılması tetiklenmiştir. Günümüzde yaşanan COVİD-19 pandemisi gibi medeniyetler, geçmiş zamanlarda da birçok salgın hastalıklar geçirmiş ve bu hastalıklardan mimarlık gibi birçok disiplin de etkilenmiştir. Yaşanan çevre kirliliği, küresel ısınma, plansız betonlaşmayla yaşanan ekolojik dengesizliğe bağlı olarak gelecekte de dünyamızda benzer salgın hastalıkların oluşması öngörülebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada pandemi etkisinde mimarinin sağlık binaları özelinde değişimine bakılmış olup esnek tasarım kavramı, kuramları ve yöntemlerini, hastane tasarımlarını inceleyen yurtiçi ve yurtdışı önemli alan dizinine sahip makaleler, bildiriler tezler titizlikle incelenmiştir. Tez çalışmasında mevcut ve potansiyel salgınlara veya acil durumlara yanıt olarak hastanelerin modüler inşasının potansiyeli araştırılmıştır. Sağlık binalarında esnek tasarımı için modülerite ve pop up mimari kavramlarına odaklanılmış ve esneklik için bu iki kavram önerilmiştir. Modülerite ve pop up mimari kavramları özelinde yurtiçinden ve yurt dışından on örnek proje seçilip incelenmiştir. Bu projelerin öncelikle ülke, yapım sebebi, boyutu, yapım süresi bilgileri tablo şeklinde açıklanmıştır. Sonrasında seçilen örnekler sağlık yapısı ölçeği olarak; hastane kompleksi, işlevsel birim mobil, işlevsel pop up iç mekân modülleri olmak üzere üç kategoride sınıflandırılmıştır. Sınıflandırılan örneklerin modülerleşmeyi hangi yapı elemanlarıyla sağladıkları, stratejik yer seçimleri olup olmadığı, akıllı teknoloji kullanım durumu, pop up mimari olarak geçici mi kalıcı mı hale geldiği ve projelerin esnekliğindeki önemli notları barındıran sekiz başlık altında detaylı olarak incelenip tablolaştırılmıştır. Tez çalışmasında modülerlik, pop up mimari ve mobil üniteler arasında kavramsal ve birbirini tamamlaması açısından kuvvetli bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Pop up kavramı mimari mekân olarak mobil (hareketli) mekanları kullanmakta esneklik yöntemi olarak ise modüleriteden yararlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada modülerlik yöntemi; esnekliği sağlaması, kolay monte demonteye imkân sağlaması, değişebilirlik, dönüşebilirlik, yeniden kullanım, sürdürebilirlik, kullanıcı faydasını gözetme, olağanüstü durumlara veya teknolojideki gelişmelere hızlı cevap vermesi açısından sağlık binaları tasarımında esneklik yöntemi olarak önerilmektedir. Yapılan incelemeler ve çıkarımların Türkiye' de mevcut ve gelecekteki sağlık binaları projelerinde, esnek tasarım kavramı açısından dikkate alınması umulmaktadır. Anahtar Sözcükler: Pandemi, Esnek tasarım, Sağlık binaları, Modülerite, Pop up mimari.
Architectural studies develop according to technological, economic, social, and cultural changes. Technology has always played an active role in the development of architecture. As a result of technological developments that started with the industrial revolution, there has been a very rapid growth worldwide. When the excessive population growth in unplanned and unforeseen cities was added to this situation, the formation and spread of epidemics were triggered. Civilizations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic experienced today, have experienced many epidemics in the past and many disciplines such as architecture have been affected by these diseases. Similar epidemics can be predicted to occur in our world in the future due to environmental pollution, global warming, and ecological imbalance caused by unplanned concreting. In this study, the change in architecture in healthcare buildings under the effect of the pandemic was examined and domestic and international important field index articles, notifications and theses examining the concept of flexible design, theories and methods, and hospital designs were meticulously examined. In the thesis study, the potential of modular construction of hospitals was investigated as a response to current and potential epidemics or emergencies. For flexible design in healthcare buildings, modularity and pop up architecture concepts were focused on and these two concepts were proposed for flexibility. Ten sample projects were selected and examined from Turkey and abroad specifically for modularity and pop up architecture concepts. First of all, information about country, construction reason, size and construction period of these projects were explained in a table. Then, the selected samples were classified into three categories as healthcare structure scale: hospital complex, functional unit mobile, functional pop up interior modules. The classified examples were examined in detail under eight headings including which structural elements they provide modularization with, whether they are strategic location choices, smart technology usage status, whether they become temporary or permanent as pop up architecture and important notes on the flexibility of the projects and were tabulated. In the thesis study, it was determined that there is a strong relationship between modularity, pop up architecture and mobile units in terms of conceptual and complementary aspects. Pop up concept uses mobile (mobile) spaces as architectural space and uses modularity as a flexibility method. In this study, modularity method; It is recommended as a flexibility method in healthcare building design in terms of providing flexibility, allowing easy assembly and disassembly, changeability, transformability, reuse, sustainability, considering user benefits, and providing rapid response to extraordinary situations or technological developments. It is hoped that the studies and conclusions made will be taken into consideration in terms of the flexible design concept in current and future healthcare building projects in Turkey.
Architectural studies develop according to technological, economic, social, and cultural changes. Technology has always played an active role in the development of architecture. As a result of technological developments that started with the industrial revolution, there has been a very rapid growth worldwide. When the excessive population growth in unplanned and unforeseen cities was added to this situation, the formation and spread of epidemics were triggered. Civilizations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic experienced today, have experienced many epidemics in the past and many disciplines such as architecture have been affected by these diseases. Similar epidemics can be predicted to occur in our world in the future due to environmental pollution, global warming, and ecological imbalance caused by unplanned concreting. In this study, the change in architecture in healthcare buildings under the effect of the pandemic was examined and domestic and international important field index articles, notifications and theses examining the concept of flexible design, theories and methods, and hospital designs were meticulously examined. In the thesis study, the potential of modular construction of hospitals was investigated as a response to current and potential epidemics or emergencies. For flexible design in healthcare buildings, modularity and pop up architecture concepts were focused on and these two concepts were proposed for flexibility. Ten sample projects were selected and examined from Turkey and abroad specifically for modularity and pop up architecture concepts. First of all, information about country, construction reason, size and construction period of these projects were explained in a table. Then, the selected samples were classified into three categories as healthcare structure scale: hospital complex, functional unit mobile, functional pop up interior modules. The classified examples were examined in detail under eight headings including which structural elements they provide modularization with, whether they are strategic location choices, smart technology usage status, whether they become temporary or permanent as pop up architecture and important notes on the flexibility of the projects and were tabulated. In the thesis study, it was determined that there is a strong relationship between modularity, pop up architecture and mobile units in terms of conceptual and complementary aspects. Pop up concept uses mobile (mobile) spaces as architectural space and uses modularity as a flexibility method. In this study, modularity method; It is recommended as a flexibility method in healthcare building design in terms of providing flexibility, allowing easy assembly and disassembly, changeability, transformability, reuse, sustainability, considering user benefits, and providing rapid response to extraordinary situations or technological developments. It is hoped that the studies and conclusions made will be taken into consideration in terms of the flexible design concept in current and future healthcare building projects in Turkey.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Mimarlık, Architecture, Pandemic, flexible design, healthcare buildings, modularity, pop up architecture.
