Ortaokul Türkçe ders kitaplarında geçen atasözü ile deyimlerin tespit ve sınıflandırılması
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Düzce Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Atasözü ve deyimler, konuşucuya az sözle çok şey ifade etme imkânı sunmasının yanında, dilin kıvraklığını ve zenginliğini yansıtması bakımından dilin önemli unsurlarıdır. Bu unsurlar, çocuklara ölçünlü dili öğretmeyi ve onların dil becerilerini geliştirmeyi temel amaç edinen Türkçe dersleri sayesinde kazandırılmaya çalışılmaktadır. Bu kapsamda öğrencilerin atasözü ve deyimlerle en sık karşılaştıkları ders materyalleri Türkçe ders kitaplarıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 2021- 2022 ile 2022- 2023 eğitim ve öğretim yıllarında Talim ve Terbiye Kurulu tarafından MEB'e bağlı okullarda okutulmasına onay verilen Anıttepe, Ata, Ekoyay, MEB ve Özgün Yayınlarınca hazırlanan 9 adet; 5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıf Türkçe ders kitaplarındaki etkinliklerde ve okuma metinlerinde yer alan atasözü ve deyimlerin varlığını tespit edip söz konusu unsurları çeşitli başlıklarda sınıflandırmaktır. Araştırma nitel araştırma biçiminde yapılmış, veriler doküman analizi yöntemiyle elde edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda 5. sınıflar kitabında 150; 6. sınıflar kitaplarında 660; 7. sınıflar kitaplarında 453 ve 8. sınıflar kitabında ise 183 olmak üzere toplamda 1446 deyime ve 5. sınıflar kitabında: 24; 6. sınıflar kitaplarında 69; 7. sınıflar kitaplarında 25 ve 8. sınıflar kitabında 7 olmak üzere toplamda 125 atasözüne ulaşılmıştır. Deyimler "duygu, durum, öğüt ve diğer" başlıkları altında sınıflandırılarak duygu kategorisinde 227, durum kategorisinde 614, öğüt kategorisinde 32 ve diğer kategorisinde 409 deyim olduğu görülmüştür. Konularına göre "erdemler, millî kültürümüz, birey ve toplum, hak ve özgürlükler, bilim, sağlık ve spor" başlıklarında sınıflandırılan atasözlerinde ise çoğunluğun erdemler başlığı altında yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca deyimler oluşum şekilleri bakımından ögelerine ayrılmış ve büyük bir bölümünün "nesne + fiil ve yer tamlayıcısı + fiil" bağlantısı biçiminde birleştiği saptanmıştır. Son olarak her bir sınıf düzeyinde, tarama sonucu elde edilen atasözü ve deyimlerden oluşan ve söz konusu unsurların hangi yayınevinin ders kitabında geçtiğinin belirtildiği bir sözlük hazırlanmıştır.
Proverbs and idioms are important elements of language in terms of providing the speaker with the opportunity to express a lot with few words, as well as reflecting the fluency and richness of the language. These elements are tried to be taught to children through Turkish lessons, which aim to teach them the standard language and develop their language skills. In this context, the course materials in which students encounter proverbs and idioms most frequently are Turkish textbooks. The aim of this study is to determine the presence of proverbs and idioms in the activities and reading texts in the 9 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grade Turkish textbooks prepared by Anıttepe, Ata, Ekoyay, MEB and Özgün Publications, which were approved by the Board of Education and Discipline to be taught in schools affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in the 2022- 2022 and 2022- 2023 academic years, and to classify these elements under various headings. The research was conducted in the form of qualitative research and the data were obtained by document analysis method. As a result of the study, a total of 1446 idioms (150 in 5th grade books, 660 in 6th grade books, 453 in 7th grade books and 183 in 8th grade books) and 125 proverbs (24 in 5th grade books, 69 in 6th grade books, 25 in 7th grade books and 7 in 8th grade books) were found: 24; 69 in 6th grade books; 25 in 7th grade books and 7 in 8th grade books, totalling 125 proverbs. Idioms were classified under the headings of "emotion, situation, advice and other" and it was seen that there were 227 idioms in the emotion category, 614 in the situation category, 32 in the advice category and 409 in the other category. In the proverbs classified under the titles of "virtues, our national culture, individual and society, rights and freedoms, science, health and sports" according to their subjects, it was determined that the majority of them were under the title of virtues. In addition, idioms were divided into their elements in terms of their formation forms and it was determined that most of them were combined in the form of "object + verb and place complement + verb connection" Finally, a dictionary was prepared at each grade level, consisting of the proverbs and idioms obtained as a result of the scan and indicating in which publisher's textbook these elements were mentioned.
Proverbs and idioms are important elements of language in terms of providing the speaker with the opportunity to express a lot with few words, as well as reflecting the fluency and richness of the language. These elements are tried to be taught to children through Turkish lessons, which aim to teach them the standard language and develop their language skills. In this context, the course materials in which students encounter proverbs and idioms most frequently are Turkish textbooks. The aim of this study is to determine the presence of proverbs and idioms in the activities and reading texts in the 9 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grade Turkish textbooks prepared by Anıttepe, Ata, Ekoyay, MEB and Özgün Publications, which were approved by the Board of Education and Discipline to be taught in schools affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in the 2022- 2022 and 2022- 2023 academic years, and to classify these elements under various headings. The research was conducted in the form of qualitative research and the data were obtained by document analysis method. As a result of the study, a total of 1446 idioms (150 in 5th grade books, 660 in 6th grade books, 453 in 7th grade books and 183 in 8th grade books) and 125 proverbs (24 in 5th grade books, 69 in 6th grade books, 25 in 7th grade books and 7 in 8th grade books) were found: 24; 69 in 6th grade books; 25 in 7th grade books and 7 in 8th grade books, totalling 125 proverbs. Idioms were classified under the headings of "emotion, situation, advice and other" and it was seen that there were 227 idioms in the emotion category, 614 in the situation category, 32 in the advice category and 409 in the other category. In the proverbs classified under the titles of "virtues, our national culture, individual and society, rights and freedoms, science, health and sports" according to their subjects, it was determined that the majority of them were under the title of virtues. In addition, idioms were divided into their elements in terms of their formation forms and it was determined that most of them were combined in the form of "object + verb and place complement + verb connection" Finally, a dictionary was prepared at each grade level, consisting of the proverbs and idioms obtained as a result of the scan and indicating in which publisher's textbook these elements were mentioned.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Eğitim ve Öğretim, Education and Training
