Düzce Üniversitesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Hastanesinde çalışan hekim ve hemşirelerin şiddet maruziyetinin ve bu durumun çalışanlar üzerindeki etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi
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Tarih
2020
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Düzce Üniversitesi
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
ÖZET Amaç: Şiddet, insanlığın başlangıcından günümüze kadar insan hayatının bir parçası olan, tüm sosyal meslekleri, yaş gruplarını ve etnik grupları etkisi altına alan çağımızın en kontrolsüz sosyal olgularından biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Düzce Üniversitesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Hastanesi hekim ve hemşirelerinin şiddete uğrama sıklığı, şiddete neden olan durumlar, şiddet sonrası tutum ile şiddetin kısa ve uzun süreli etkilerini incelemek, çalışanların tükenmişlik düzeylerini ölçerek şiddetle ilişkisini değerlendirmektir. Gereç-Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı kesitsel özellikte olan araştırmamız Ekim 2020-Şubat 2021 tarihleri arasında Düzce Üniversitesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Hastanesinde farklı bölümlerde çalışan hekim ve hemşirelerle yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya katılmak istememek ve aktif hasta bakmamak dışlama kriteri olarak belirlenmiş, 166 hemşire ve 190 hekim olmak üzere toplam 356 kişiye ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada anket yöntemi kullanılmış olup, demografik bilgiler, çalışma koşullarıyla ilgili sorular ve son olarak şiddetle ilgili soruların olduğu 24 sorunun ardından, 22 soruluk Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği ile birlikte toplam 46 soru yöneltilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmamızda katılımcıların meslek hayatları boyunca şiddete uğrama sıklığı %74,4 bulunmuştur. En sık maruz kalınan şiddet türü %92,7 ile psikolojik şiddet olmuş, fiziksel şiddete maruziyet erkek cinsiyette (%22,7) daha sık rastlanmıştır (p=0,000). Meslekte geçirilen süre arttıkça ve günlük bakılan hasta sayısı arttıkça şiddet maruziyetinin arttığı saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Son bir yıl içinde maruz kalınan şiddet öğretim üyelerinde (P=0,002) ve mesleğinde daha uzun süreler çalışanlarda (p=0,000) daha az bulunmuştur. Maruz kalınan şiddet türünde en fazla küfür hakaret (%71,1) yanıtı alınmıştır, Katılımcıların %70,5'i pandemi sürecinin hasta ve hasta yakınlarının tutum ve davranışlarına etkisi olmadığını belirtmiştir. Tükenmişlik alt boyutları incelendiğinde "Duygusal tükenme" ve "Duyarsızlaşma" boyutunun puanları genel olarak birbiriyle paralellik göstermekte; şiddet maruziyeti olanlarda, cerrahi branşlarda çalışan hekimlerde, öğretim üyeleriyle karşılaştırıldığında araştırma görevlileri ve hemşirelerde, ?40 yaş ile karşılaştırıldığında ? 29 yaş grubunda, fiziksel şiddete maruz kalanlarda daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Sonuç: Sağlık çalışanları üzerinde dünyada ülkemizde yapılan birçok çalışma ve bu çalışmanın sonuçları göstermektedir ki; şiddet sağlık sektöründe her geçen gün daha da artan, çalışanların motivasyonunu, işleriyle olan bağlarını azaltan, ruhsal, duygusal ve fiziksel sorunlara yol açan ciddi bir sorundur. Bu sorunla başa çıkmak için sorunu göz ardı etmek yerine daha kapsamlı çalışmalar ile şiddeti ve şiddetin yıkıcı etkisi gözler önüne sermeliyiz. Sağlıkta şiddet sorununu azaltmak için sağlık çalışanlarının, politikacıların, toplumun, medyanın yöneticilerin ve sivil toplum kuruluşlarının birlikte hareket etmesi gerekmektedir.
SUMMARY Purpose: Violence is one of the most uncontrolled social phenomena of our age, which has been a part of human life from the beginning of humanity to the present, affecting all social professions, age groups and ethnic groups. The aim of this study is to examine the frequency of being subjected to violence, situations that cause violence, post-violence attitude and short and long-term effects of violence, to evaluate the burnout levels of employees and to evaluate their relation with violence. Materials and Methods: Our descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with physicians and nurses working in different departments at Düzce University Research and Application Hospital between October 2020 and February 2021. Not wanting to participate in the study and not caring for active patients were determined as exclusion criteria, and a total of 356 people, including 166 nurses and 190 physicians, were reached. Questionnaire method was used in the study, and after 24 questions including demographic information, questions about working conditions and finally, questions about violence, a total of 46 questions were asked together with the 22-question Maslach Burnout Scale. Conclusion: In our study, the frequency of the participants being exposed to violence throughout their professional life was found to be 74.4%. The most common type of violence was psychological violence (92.7%), exposure to physical violence was more common in the male gender (22.7%) (p = 0.000). It was found that as the time spent in the profession and the number of patients cared for daily increased, the exposure to violence increased (p <0.05). The exposure to violence in the last year was found to be less in faculty members (P = 0.002) and those who worked longer in their profession (p = 0.000). In the type of violence exposed, the highest rate of swearing and insult (71.1%) was received. 70.5% of the participants stated that the pandemic process did not affect the attitudes and behaviors of the patients and their relatives. When sub-dimensions of burnout are examined, the scores of the "emotional exhaustion" and "depersonalization" dimensions are generally parallel to each other; It was found to be higher in those who were exposed to violence, among physicians working in surgical branches, research assistants and nurses compared to faculty members, in the age group ?29 compared to the age of 40, and those exposed to physical violence (p <0.05). Results: Many studies conducted in our country on healthcare professionals and the results of this study show that; Violence is a serious problem that is increasing day by day in the health sector, decreasing the motivation of employees and their ties with their work, and causing mental, emotional and physical problems. In order to deal with this problem, instead of ignoring the problem, we should reveal the violence and the destructive effect of violence through more comprehensive studies. In order to reduce the problem of violence in health, healthcare professionals, politicians, society, media managers and non-governmental organizations should act together.
SUMMARY Purpose: Violence is one of the most uncontrolled social phenomena of our age, which has been a part of human life from the beginning of humanity to the present, affecting all social professions, age groups and ethnic groups. The aim of this study is to examine the frequency of being subjected to violence, situations that cause violence, post-violence attitude and short and long-term effects of violence, to evaluate the burnout levels of employees and to evaluate their relation with violence. Materials and Methods: Our descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with physicians and nurses working in different departments at Düzce University Research and Application Hospital between October 2020 and February 2021. Not wanting to participate in the study and not caring for active patients were determined as exclusion criteria, and a total of 356 people, including 166 nurses and 190 physicians, were reached. Questionnaire method was used in the study, and after 24 questions including demographic information, questions about working conditions and finally, questions about violence, a total of 46 questions were asked together with the 22-question Maslach Burnout Scale. Conclusion: In our study, the frequency of the participants being exposed to violence throughout their professional life was found to be 74.4%. The most common type of violence was psychological violence (92.7%), exposure to physical violence was more common in the male gender (22.7%) (p = 0.000). It was found that as the time spent in the profession and the number of patients cared for daily increased, the exposure to violence increased (p <0.05). The exposure to violence in the last year was found to be less in faculty members (P = 0.002) and those who worked longer in their profession (p = 0.000). In the type of violence exposed, the highest rate of swearing and insult (71.1%) was received. 70.5% of the participants stated that the pandemic process did not affect the attitudes and behaviors of the patients and their relatives. When sub-dimensions of burnout are examined, the scores of the "emotional exhaustion" and "depersonalization" dimensions are generally parallel to each other; It was found to be higher in those who were exposed to violence, among physicians working in surgical branches, research assistants and nurses compared to faculty members, in the age group ?29 compared to the age of 40, and those exposed to physical violence (p <0.05). Results: Many studies conducted in our country on healthcare professionals and the results of this study show that; Violence is a serious problem that is increasing day by day in the health sector, decreasing the motivation of employees and their ties with their work, and causing mental, emotional and physical problems. In order to deal with this problem, instead of ignoring the problem, we should reveal the violence and the destructive effect of violence through more comprehensive studies. In order to reduce the problem of violence in health, healthcare professionals, politicians, society, media managers and non-governmental organizations should act together.
Açıklama
YÖK Tez No: 663619
Anahtar Kelimeler
Aile Hekimliği, Family Medicine, Sağlık çalışanları, şiddet, tükenmişlik, Healthcare workers, violence, burnout
