Dijital tedarik zinciri olgunluk modelinin tasarımı: Ölçek geliştirme ve vaka uygulaması
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Tarih
2023
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Yayıncı
Düzce Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Dünyada yaşanan çevresel sorunlar, krizler, kaynak kıtlığı ve küresel rekabet, tedarik zinciri ağlarındaki karmaşıklığı artırmakta ve zincirin zayıf halkalarını gün yüzüne çıkarmaktadır. Dirençli ve rekabetçi kalabilmek isteyen kuruluşlar, dijital teknolojilerden yararlanarak müşterileri için daha benzersiz deneyimler oluşturmaya, daha kaliteli hizmet sunmaya ve daha verimli operasyonel süreçler tasarlamaya çalışmaktadırlar. Yeni gelir akışları elde etmek isteyen bu kuruluşlar, Endüstri 4.0 teknolojileri ile beraber kurumsal zihniyet değişikliği de gerektiren dijital bir değişim ve dönüşüm hareketi başlatmaktadırlar. Bu dönüşüm sürecini en az maliyetle ve en başarılı şekilde yönetebilmek adına stratejik bir yol haritası ile hareket etmekte fayda vardır. Literatür taraması ve uzmanlarla yapılan görüşmeler sonucu tedarik zincirleri için kapsamlı, sistematik ve ölçülebilir bir olgunluk modeline ihtiyaç duyulduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Endüstri 4.0 ile başlatılan dijital dönüşüm sürecinde kuruluşların tedarik zincirlerinin mevcut durumlarını ölçmelerine ve gerekli iyileştirmeleri yaparak bir sonraki olgunluk düzeyine ulaşmalarına rehberlik edebilecek "Dijital Tedarik Zinciri Olgunluk Modeli" önerisinde bulunmaktır. Metodolojik olarak bu çalışma tasarım bilimi araştırmasına dayanmaktadır. Araştırmada Becker ve diğ. (2009)'nin model geliştirme adımlarına uyularak, tedarik zincirleri için bilimsel temellere dayanan; kapsamlı, sistematik ve ölçülebilir bir olgunluk modeli hazırlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Tasarlanan model, bir kuruluşun kendisini değerlendirmesine olanak sağlayan 5 seviyeden ve tanımlanmış 4 temel boyut ile bunlara atanan 50 niteliksel yetenekten oluşmaktadır. Literatür ve uzman görüşlerinden faydalanılarak tasarlanan modelin temel boyutları, "Dijital Strateji", "Dijital Organizasyon", "Operasyonel Süreç Yönetimi" ve "Müşteri Değer Yönetimi" olarak adlandırılmıştır. Modelin kullanımını kolaylaştırmak için, kuruluşların kendi öz değerlendirmelerini yapabilecekleri bir "Dijital Olgunluk Ölçeği" geliştirilerek model pratik bir araca dönüştürülmeye çalışılmıştır. Modelin nasıl uygulanabileceğini göstermek amacı ile, çoklu vaka analizi yapılarak model test edilmiş ve vakalar için aksiyon planları oluşturulmuştur. Vaka çalışması sonuçları, önerilen modelin kuruluşların tedarik zinciri olgunluk düzeylerini yansıtabildiğini, kullanımını kolay, aşamalar arası faaliyetlerinin anlaşılır ve modelin uygulanabilir olduğunu göstermektedir. Geliştirilen bu model, dijital yeteneklerini geliştirmek isteyen kuruluşlara önemli bilgiler sağlayarak dijital dönüşümlerine rehberlik edebilir.
Environmental problems, crises, resource scarcity and global competition in the world increase the complexity of supply chain networks and reveal the weak links of the chain. Organizations that want to remain resilient and competitive are looking to create more unique experiences for their customers, provide higher quality service, and design more efficient operational processes by leveraging digital technologies. These organizations, which want to obtain new revenue streams, are initiating a digital change and transformation movement that requires a change in corporate mindset along with Industry 4.0 technologies. In order to manage this transformation process with the least cost and in the most successful way, it is useful to act with a strategic road map. A literature review and interviews with experts have shown the need for a comprehensive, systematic and measurable maturity model for supply chains. The aim of this study is to propose a "Digital Supply Chain Maturity Model" that can guide organizations to measure the current status of their supply chains in the digital transformation process initiated by Industry 4.0 and to reach the next level of maturity by making the necessary improvements. Methodologically, this study is based on design science research. In the research, Becker et al. (2009) model development steps are followed, based on scientific foundations for supply chains; a comprehensive, systematic and measurable maturity model was tried to be prepared. The designed model consists of 5 levels that allow an organization to evaluate itself, and 4 defined basic dimensions and 50 qualitative abilities assigned to them. The basic dimensions of the model, which was designed by using the literature and expert opinions, were named as "Digital Strategy", "Digital Organization", "Operational Process Management" and "Customer Value Management". In order to facilitate the use of the model, a "Digital Maturity Scale" was developed in which organizations can make their own self-assessments and the model was tried to be transformed into a practical tool. In order to show how the model can be applied, the model was tested by performing multiple case studies and action plans were created for the cases. The results of the case study show that the proposed model can reflect the supply chain maturity levels of organizations, is easy to use, their cross-stage activities are understandable, and the model is applicable. This model can guide their digital transformation by providing important information to organizations that want to improve their digital capabilities.
Environmental problems, crises, resource scarcity and global competition in the world increase the complexity of supply chain networks and reveal the weak links of the chain. Organizations that want to remain resilient and competitive are looking to create more unique experiences for their customers, provide higher quality service, and design more efficient operational processes by leveraging digital technologies. These organizations, which want to obtain new revenue streams, are initiating a digital change and transformation movement that requires a change in corporate mindset along with Industry 4.0 technologies. In order to manage this transformation process with the least cost and in the most successful way, it is useful to act with a strategic road map. A literature review and interviews with experts have shown the need for a comprehensive, systematic and measurable maturity model for supply chains. The aim of this study is to propose a "Digital Supply Chain Maturity Model" that can guide organizations to measure the current status of their supply chains in the digital transformation process initiated by Industry 4.0 and to reach the next level of maturity by making the necessary improvements. Methodologically, this study is based on design science research. In the research, Becker et al. (2009) model development steps are followed, based on scientific foundations for supply chains; a comprehensive, systematic and measurable maturity model was tried to be prepared. The designed model consists of 5 levels that allow an organization to evaluate itself, and 4 defined basic dimensions and 50 qualitative abilities assigned to them. The basic dimensions of the model, which was designed by using the literature and expert opinions, were named as "Digital Strategy", "Digital Organization", "Operational Process Management" and "Customer Value Management". In order to facilitate the use of the model, a "Digital Maturity Scale" was developed in which organizations can make their own self-assessments and the model was tried to be transformed into a practical tool. In order to show how the model can be applied, the model was tested by performing multiple case studies and action plans were created for the cases. The results of the case study show that the proposed model can reflect the supply chain maturity levels of organizations, is easy to use, their cross-stage activities are understandable, and the model is applicable. This model can guide their digital transformation by providing important information to organizations that want to improve their digital capabilities.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
İşletme, Business Administration
