19 yıl saklamanın kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) tohumlarının çimlenmesine etkisi
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Düzce Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada 2005 yılında Anamur ve Mersin kesitlerinin farklı yükseltilerinden (0-400 m, 400-800 m, 800-1200 m ve 1200 m üstü) toplanan kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) tohumları 3±1 ºC'de 19 yıl saklanmıştır. Bu tohumlar saklama sonrası laboratuvarda çimlendirilmiş ve seraya ekilmiştir. Laboratuvardaki çimlenme sonrası tohumların çimlenme hızı ve yüzdesi, seraya ekimlerde de fidan çıkma hızı ve fidan yüzdesi hesaplanarak saklamanın etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çimlenme hızı ve yüzdesi ile fidan çıkma hızı ve yüzdesi verilerine yapılan varyans analizi sonucu önemli bulunmuş ve farklı gruplar ise Tukey testi ile belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Onuncu gün saklama öncesi (2005 yılı) ortalama çimlenme hızı %11,4 iken, saklama sonrası (2024 yılında) oldukça düşmüş ve %3,4'de kalmıştır. Özellikle 1200 m üstü yükseltide düşüş daha fazla olmuştur. On dördüncü günde ise çimlenme hızları 2005 yılında %50 civarında iken 2024 yılında %25 civarlarında olmuş ve onuncu güne göre yükselti ve kesitler arası çimlenme hızları arasındaki fark azalmıştır. Çimlenme yüzdesi bakımından ise başlangıçtaki ortalama %69,7 olan değer saklama sonrası %66,7 olmuş bu değer de başlangıç çimlenmelerine yakındır. Saklama sonrası ilk üç yükselti kuşağında %88-66 arasında çimlenme olurken, her iki kesitte de 1200 m üstü yükselti kuşağında %46-43 arasında çimlenme olmuştur. Seraya yapılan ekimlerdeki fidan çıkma hızlarında ilk çıkmaların başladığı 4. haftada 1200 m üstünde fidan çıkma yüzdesi %20 civarında iken, her iki kesitte 0-400 m de %73 ve üzerinde olmuştur. Ancak bu fark 14. haftada kapanmış en düşük rakımda bile %68 ve üstü olurken, en yüksek çıkma hızı %88,9 ile Anamur 0-400 m'de olmuştur. Genel olarak kesit ve yükseltilere beraber bakıldığında fidan yüzdesi en fazla %89,1 ile Anamur'un 0-400 m yükselti kuşağında, en düşük ise Mersin'in 1200 m üstü yükselti (%71,6) kuşağında olmuştur. Bu sonuçlar, kızılçam tohumlarının 19 yıl saklandıktan sonra laboratuvarda 28. gün çimlendirme sonunda ortalama %66,7 çimlenme yüzdesi ve ekimlerde ise %72'den fazla fidan elde edildiğini göstermiştir. Araştırma sonucu kızılçam tohumlarının uygun koşullarda saklanırsa 19 yıl sonra ihtiyaç halinde ağaçlandırmalarda, fidanlıklarda ve özellikle büyük yangınlardan sonra güvenle kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.
In the present study, Turkish pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) seeds collected from different elevations (0-400 m, 400-800 m, 800-1200 m and above 1200 m) from the Anamur and Mersin regions in 2005 were stored at 3±1 °C for 19 years. After storage, seeds were germinated in the laboratory and sown in a greenhouse. The effect of storage was investigated by calculating the germination rate and percentage of germination of the seeds after germination in the laboratory and the emergence rate and percentage of seedlings in the greenhouse. The germination rate, percentage, emergence rate, and percentage were found to be significant by analysis of variance, and different groups were determined by Tukey's test (p<0.05). Although the average germination rate was 11.4% before tenth day of storage (2005), it decreased considerably after storage (2024) and remained at 3.4%. This decrease was especially high at elevations above 1200 m. On the fourteenth day, while the germination rates were approximately 50% in 2005, they were approximately 25% in 2024, but the difference between the germination rates between elevation and regions decreased compared to the tenth day. In terms of germination percentage, the average value of 69.7% at the beginning was 66.7% after storage and this value was close to the initial germination. After storage, germination rates were 88-66% in the first three elevation zones, while germination rates were 46-43% in the elevation zone above 1200 m in both regions. In the seedling emergence rates of the greenhouse transplants, while the percentage of emergence above 1200 m was around 20% in the 4th week when the first emergence started, it was 73% and above at 0-400 m in both regions. However, this difference was close in the 14th week, and even at the lowest altitude, the emergence rate was 68% and above, whereas the highest emergence rate was 88.9% at Anamur 0-400 m. In general, when the region and elevations were considered together, the highest percentage of seedlings was 89.1% in the 0-400 m elevation zone of Anamur and the lowest in the elevation zone above 1200 m (71.6%) in Mersin. These results showed that after 19 years of storage of Turkish pine seeds, an average germination percentage of 66.7% and more than 72% of seedlings were obtained at the end of 28th day germination in the laboratory. The results of the research show that if Turkish pine seeds are stored under appropriate conditions, they can be safely used in afforestations, nurseries, and especially after large fires, if needed after 19 years.
In the present study, Turkish pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) seeds collected from different elevations (0-400 m, 400-800 m, 800-1200 m and above 1200 m) from the Anamur and Mersin regions in 2005 were stored at 3±1 °C for 19 years. After storage, seeds were germinated in the laboratory and sown in a greenhouse. The effect of storage was investigated by calculating the germination rate and percentage of germination of the seeds after germination in the laboratory and the emergence rate and percentage of seedlings in the greenhouse. The germination rate, percentage, emergence rate, and percentage were found to be significant by analysis of variance, and different groups were determined by Tukey's test (p<0.05). Although the average germination rate was 11.4% before tenth day of storage (2005), it decreased considerably after storage (2024) and remained at 3.4%. This decrease was especially high at elevations above 1200 m. On the fourteenth day, while the germination rates were approximately 50% in 2005, they were approximately 25% in 2024, but the difference between the germination rates between elevation and regions decreased compared to the tenth day. In terms of germination percentage, the average value of 69.7% at the beginning was 66.7% after storage and this value was close to the initial germination. After storage, germination rates were 88-66% in the first three elevation zones, while germination rates were 46-43% in the elevation zone above 1200 m in both regions. In the seedling emergence rates of the greenhouse transplants, while the percentage of emergence above 1200 m was around 20% in the 4th week when the first emergence started, it was 73% and above at 0-400 m in both regions. However, this difference was close in the 14th week, and even at the lowest altitude, the emergence rate was 68% and above, whereas the highest emergence rate was 88.9% at Anamur 0-400 m. In general, when the region and elevations were considered together, the highest percentage of seedlings was 89.1% in the 0-400 m elevation zone of Anamur and the lowest in the elevation zone above 1200 m (71.6%) in Mersin. These results showed that after 19 years of storage of Turkish pine seeds, an average germination percentage of 66.7% and more than 72% of seedlings were obtained at the end of 28th day germination in the laboratory. The results of the research show that if Turkish pine seeds are stored under appropriate conditions, they can be safely used in afforestations, nurseries, and especially after large fires, if needed after 19 years.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ormancılık ve Orman Mühendisliği, Forestry and Forest Engineering
