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    Antibacterial Activity of Boron Compounds Against Biofilm-Forming Pathogens
    (Springernature, 2024) Celebi, Ozgur; Celebi, Demet; Baser, Sumeyye; Aydin, Elif; Rakici, Erva; Ugras, Serpil; Yoldas, Pinar Agyar
    This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of nine boron derivatives against biofilm-forming pathogenic bacteria. The effect of boron derivatives (CMB, calcium metaborate; SMTB, sodium metaborate tetrahydrate; ZB, zinc borate; STFB, sodium tetra fluorine borate; STB, sodium tetraborate; PTFB, potassium tetra fluor borate; APTB, ammonium pentabo-rate tetrahydrate; SPM, sodium perborate monohydrate; Borax, ATFB, ammonium tetra fluorine borate) on bacteria isolated from blood culture was determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. Then, biofilm formation potentials on microplates, tubes, and Congo red agar were examined. The cytotoxicity of boron derivatives was determined by using WST-1-based methods. The interaction between the biofilm-forming bacteria, fibroblast cells, and boron derivatives was determined with the infection model. We found that the sodium metaborate tetrahydrate molecule was effective against all pathogens. According to the optical density values detected at 630 nm in microplates, meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was observed to have the most substantial biofilm ability at 0.257 nm. As a result of cytotoxicity studies, it has been determined that a 1 & mu;g/L concentration of boron derivatives is not toxic to fibroblast L929 cells. In cell culture experiments, these boron derivatives have very serious inhibitory activity against biofilm-forming pathogens in a short treatment period, such as 2-4 h. Furthermore, using these molecules on inanimate surfaces affected by biofilms would be appropriate instead of living cells.
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    Biological Activity of Natural Formulation with Propolis, Lavender and Thyme Oil on Candida Species
    (2023) Yoldas, Pinar Agyar; Sıpahı, Nisa; Rasgele, Pinar Goc; Goksu, Haydar
    Objective: Candida strains have been frequently associated with nosocomial infections in recent years. On the other hand, the public prefers natural resources rather than synthetic materials. Therefore, it is essential to research the combined effects of natural products. This study aimed to investigate the antifungal and antibiofilm effectiveness of essential oils and propolis-containing samples on Candida species and the toxicity of samples. Materials-Methods: Three different samples were prepared with propolis, lavender oil, and thyme oil. Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) GC/MS was used to determine organic compounds in samples. The antifungal effects of a natural product mix were tested against C. albicans, C. krusei, and C. parapsilosis by disk diffusion method. MIC and MFC tests of the mixture were performed against a standard such as Nystatin. Antibiofilm tests were performed with the microplate system, taking into account the detected concentrations, and finally, the cytotoxicity test was investigated in the L929 cell line with the WST-1 kit. Results: C. albicans was determined as the most sensitive species (MIC50: 90 ppm, MIC90: 750 ppm MFC: 3120 ppm). In the antibiofilm tests, it was determined that the sample was more effective on C. albicans, and it inhibited biofilm formation. Also, it was determined that the IC50 value was 5052 ppm. Conclusion: The natural product mixture, which has a scientifically proven antifungal effect, has a feature that has high added value and contributes to the economy. However, of course, it has to investigate by further studies. The findings of this study may lead to new therapeutic approaches with standardized natural products in the future.
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    Investigation and Characterization of Novel Biologically Active Secondary Metabolites from Melissa officinalis L.
    (Springer, 2024) Rasgele, Pinar Goc; Yoldas, Pinar Agyar; Sipahi, Nisa; Ucan, Hilal
    Plants have very important chemical components, known as secondary metabolites, for the pharmaceutical industry, as well as for the chemical, cosmetics, and agricultural control industries. These secondary metabolites isolated from essential oils are used to obtain the raw material or fragrance component of the drug by semi-synthesis. For this reason, plants have been used to treat many diseases in the past, and their active ingredients are still used in medicine today. Each plant, each drug, contains differences owing to their natural structure. However, making the drug obtained from a plant a standard product is important in terms of using it as a medicine in treatment. Therefore, in our study, both the characterization of secondary metabolites and the antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiproliferative potential of Melissa officinalis were investigated. beta-Citral (30.900%) was the main component of the essential oil. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of M. officinalis were found to be 923.33 mu g/mL gallic acid equivalent and 1.650 mu g/mL quercetin equivalent. The free radical scavenging percentage of M. officinalis was 42.17%. M. officinalis had antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida parapsilosis. In mouse fibroblast cells, the cell viability was found to be 87.50%, 88.235%, and 94.118% respectively, at low doses. In a human breast cancer cell line, it was observed that the cell viability at low concentrations was 77.861%, 85.40%, and 89.474% respectively. The inhibitory concentrations IC50 of M. officinalis calculated for mouse fibroblast and human breast cancer cells in the GraphPad Prism 9.1.1 program were found to be 6229 and 4417 mu g/mL respectively. In conclusion, M. officinalis has high bioactive secondary metabolites such as beta-citral, beta-caryophyllene, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, and cis-1,2-dihydroperillaldehyde, has strong antimicrobial activity, and inhibits viability on breast cancer cells.
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    Probiotic potential and wound-healing activity of Pediococcus pentosaceus strain AF2 isolated from Herniaria glabra L. which is traditionally used to make yogurt
    (Springer, 2024) Ugras, Serpil; Fidan, Aysenur; Yoldas, Pinar Agyar
    Probiotics have been a part of our lives for centuries, primarily through fermented foods. They find applications in various fields such as food, healthcare, and agriculture. Nowadays, their utilization is expanding, highlighting the importance of discovering new bacterial strains with probiotic properties suitable for diverse applications. In this study, our aim was to isolate new probiotic bacteria. Herniaria glabra L., a plant traditionally used for yogurt making in some regions and recognized in official medicine in many countries, was chosen as the source for obtaining probiotic bacteria. We conducted bacterial isolation from the plant, molecularly identified the isolated bacteria using 16S rRNA sequencing, characterized their probiotic properties, and assessed their wound-healing effects. As a result of these studies, we identified the bacterium isolated from the plant as Pediococcus pentosaceus strain AF2. We found that the strain AF2 exhibited high resistance to conditions within the gastrointestinal tract. Our reliability analysis showed that the isolate had gamma-hemolytic activity and displayed sensitivity to certain tested antibiotics. At the same time, AF2 did not show gelatinase and DNase activity. We observed that the strain AF2 produced metabolites with inhibitory activity against E. coli, B. subtilis, P. vulgaris, S. typhimurium, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae, and Y. pseudotuberculosis. The auto-aggregation value of the strain AF2 was calculated at 73.44%. Coaggregation values against E. coli and L. monocytogenes bacteria were determined to be 56.8% and 57.38%, respectively. Finally, we tested the wound-healing effect of the strain AF2 with cell culture studies and found that the strain AF2 promoted wound healing.