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    Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A and High-Sensitivitive C-Reactive Protein Levels in Chronic Subdural Haematoma Patients
    (Journal Neurological Sciences, 2011) Hanımoğlu, Hakan; Ulu, Mustafa Onur; Biçeroğlu, Hüseyin; Memişoğulları, Ramazan; Coşkun, Abdurrahman; Balak, Naci; Uzan, Mustafa
    Objective: Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), a metalloproteinase that regulates insulinlike growth factor-1 bioavailability in vitro, has been suggested to play an active role in the pathophysiology of several conditions involving inflammatory responses. We investigated the values of PAPP-A and high sensitive CRP (hsCRP) levels in chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH) patients and healthy controls. Methods: PAPP-A and hsCRP levels were studied in the serum and subdural haematoma fluid of 20 consecutive patients with CSDHs (M / F: 12 / 8; mean age of 56.7) and in the serum of age matched 16 volunteers (M / F: 10 / 6; mean age: 54,2). Results: The serum PAPP-A [4.15 ng/mL (2.70-12.88)] levels of patients were significantly lower than control group [9.32 ng/mL (6.57 - 17.00)] (p< 0.01) and the hsCRP levels were significantly higher in patient group [4.57 mg/L (1.56 - 12.62)] (p< 0.01). The comparison of PAPP-A values in the serum and subdural haematoma in the patient group revealed significantly very high values in the subdural fluid [204.5 ng/mL (161.1 - 261.4)] than the serum [4.15 ng/mL (2.70-12.88)] (p < 0.0001). The hsCRP values, on the other hand, were significantly lower in the subdural haematoma fluid than the serum in the patient group (p = 0.016). Conclusion: PAPP-A may have an important function in the local inflammatory events and local structural changes associated with CSDH formation and growth. The detection of high peripheral hsCRP levels in the patient group suggests that a systemic inflammatory response follows after the traumatic insult leading to CSDH formation.
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    Yings and Yangs of acute ethanol intoxication in experimental traumatic brain injury
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005) İş, Merih; Tanrıverdi, Taner; Akyüz, Fevzullah; Ulu, Mustafa Onur; Üstündağ, Nil; Gezen, Ferruh; Uzan, Mustafa
    Although the deleterious effects of acute alcohol intoxication on traumatic brain injury (TBI) are well known, neuroprotective features of lower doses of ethanol (EtOH) before head trauma have been reported during recent years. Inhibition of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA)-mediated excitotoxicity by lower doses of EtOH has been believed to be responsible for this protection. The aim of this study was to show the neuroprotective effects of low and moderate doses of EtOH and to compare their efficacy in each group. Acute EtOH intoxication at low and moderate doses was induced 40 minutes before trauma. Severe TBI was administered in Sprague-Dawley rats using an impact acceleration model. At 24 hours after trauma, all the rats were decapitated and hippocampi were evaluated under light microscopy. According to our results, red neuron formation and vacuolar degeneration in the CA1 and CA3 sectors of the hippocampi were less prominent in the lowdose and moderate-dose EtOH plus trauma groups than in the trauma only group. In addition, edema formation was less prominent in the EtOH plus trauma group. When comparing the low-dose EtOH Plus trauma and moderate-dose EtOH Plus trauma groups, an almost normal appearance of the hippocampus was noted in the moderate-dose EtOH plus trauma group. EtOH may have a neuroprotective effect when administered at a lower dose, particularly a moderate dose, and this protection may be a result of the inhibition of NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity.