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    Age and Growth of Marine and Translocated Freshwater Populations of Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810 (Atherinidae) in Turkey
    (Inst Zoology, Bas, 2020) Gencoglu, Lale; Kirankaya, Serife Gulsun; Ekmekci, F. Guler
    The sand smelt, Atherina boyeri, is a short-lived euryhaline fish that inhabits coastal and estuarine waters. It has also been illegally translocated into inland freshwater lakes and reservoirs for fisheries purposes in Turkey, and has become an invader in fresh water. The aim of this study was to compare the growth performance of translocated inland water populations and natural marine and brackish populations of A. boyeri in order to assess its adaptation potential to fresh water. The age, body length and weight parameters of native populations of A. boyeri were studied at six locations in the Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, Sea of Marmara, Aegean Sea, and one in Koycegiz Lake lagoon. The same parameters of translocated inland populations were studied in two reservoirs (Aslantas and Hirfanli) and in two freshwater lakes (Egirdir and Iznik). The findings show that A. boyeri exhibit similar growth performance in the marine, brackish, and fresh water studied, indicating that this species is successful in adaptation to various environmental conditions that favours its invasive potential in Turkey.
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    Determination of micronuclei frequency in Danio rerio for assessing genotoxicity induced by propineb
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Rasgele, Pinar Goc; Demir, Fatma; Kirankaya, Serife Gulsun
    The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxic effect of Propineb fungicide at different concentrations (0.167, 0.335 and 0.670 mg L-1) and different treatment times (24, 48, 72 and 96 h) on Danio rerio. At the end of the treatment periods, blood was collected from the fish with a heparin injector; smear preparations were prepared, fixed and stained. In the prepared preparations, the numbers of cells with MN and erythrocyte nucleus abnormalities were examined. It was found that propineb increased micronucleus formation at all treatment times and concentrations and induced the formation of erythrocytes with morphological abnormal nuclei such as segmented, kidney-shaped, notched, vacuolated nuclei and binucleated. The increase in micronucleus formation and the number of erythrocytes with abnormal nuclei were found to be concentration and treatment time-dependent. In conclusion, in this study, Danio rerio erythrocytes were used to evaluate the genotoxic effects of propineb fungicide on aquatic organisms, which have an important place in environmental risk assessment criteria. Since fungicides used in agricultural control such as propineb may have the potential to be genotoxic to aquatic organisms, the results of toxicity tests should be taken into consideration in the selection and use of concentrations of these chemicals.
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    In Vivo Genotoxicity Testing of Bentazone Herbicide in Danio rerio Erythrocytes Using the Micronucleus and Nuclear Abnormality Assays
    (Springer Int Publ Ag, 2024) Rasgele, Pinar Goc; Ozer, Havva; Kirankaya, Serife Gulsun
    Bentazone herbicide is in the benzothiadiazole group and is often used for the elimination of weeds. In this experiment, the in vivo genotoxicity of bentazone herbicide in Danio rerio erythrocytes was investigated using micronucleus and nuclear abnormality assays. Fish were exposed to three different concentrations (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/L) for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h, including the control group. When compared with the negative group, it was found that there was a statistical increase in the number of micronuclei in a concentration-dependent manner. According to the data obtained from the erythrocyte nucleolar abnormality assay, the most common abnormality for the 24-h treatment was kidney-shaped nucleus (at 10 mg/L concentration); the most common abnormality for the 48-, 72-, and 96-h treatment periods was echinocyte (at 5 and 10 mg/L concentrations). All concentrations of bentazone herbicide caused an increase in the total abnormality level in Danio rerio erythrocytes at all treatment times. These increases were concentration dependent for 24-, 72-, and 96-h treatment times, except for the 48-h treatment. Furthermore, for all treatment groups, the high concentration of bentazone herbicide (10 mg/L) caused changes on the long-short axis of the erythrocytes and the long-short axis of the nucleus, but these changes were not statistically significant. The data we obtained as a result of the study showed that bentazone herbicide is genotoxic for aquatic organisms depending on their use. Further research into different aquatic organisms is needed to investigate the genotoxicity mechanisms of bentazone herbicide in aquatic organisms.