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    Chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol)/hyaluronic acid biocompatible patches obtained by electrospraying
    (Iop Publishing Ltd, 2018) Mutlu, Esra Cansever; Ficai, Anton; Ficai, Denisa; Yıldırım, Arzu Birinci; Yıldırım, Muhammet; Oktar, Faik Nüzhet; Demir, Arzu
    Electrospray is a promising technique to scale-up production of microparticles and nanoparticles. In this study, electrospraying was used in order to produce candidate biopatches (CPH) by using chitosan, poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hyaluronic acid (HA). Four different ratios of polymer blend compositions (CPH1, CPH2, CPH3 and CPH4) were tested by dissolving in 2% acetic acid solution (Ac.A.). The HA amount in each blend was kept the same to designate the optimum surface with different chitosan/PEG ratios for electrospray process. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. Additionally, video images of FTIR microscopy and AFM images proved that all surfaces have similar heterogeneity except CPH2. The most homogenous surface was obtained by CPH3. Patches were directly subjected to antibacterial tests against ten different types of gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method). Extraordinarily there was no antibacterial property of patches coated with microparticles. Finally, biocompatibility studies were performed by using mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) to test cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches. Results of 72 h viability tests proved the electrospray of ternary blends had displayed good biocompatibility; in particular, CPH3 had the highest cell viability.
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    Improvement of antibacterial and biocompatibility properties of electrospray biopolymer films by ZnO and MCM-41
    (Springer Verlag, 2019) Mutlu, Esra Cansever; Yıldırım, Arzu Birinci; Yıldırım, Muhammet; Ficai, Anton; Ficai, Denisa; Oktar, Faik Nüzhet; Demir, Arzu
    This study aims the improvement of antibacterial and biocompatibility properties of electrospray ternary blends of chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol)/hyaluronic acid. It conserves microscale particle structure even after incorporating zinc oxide (ZnO), the zeolite Mobil Composition of Matter No. 41 (MCM41) and penicillin G during this technique. Three different electrospray (ESP) blend compositions (ESPI, ESPII and ESPIII) have been produced in order to improve both antibacterial activity against to both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and biocompatibility. Results of FTIR spectroscopy and microscopy verified with SEM, EDS and AFM analyses. Hyaluronic acid surface has been specified definitely through ZnO-based ESPI surface composed of heterogeneously dispersed microparticles. Surface structures of ESPII and ESPIII have more homogenously dispersed microparticles as hill–valley surface by the aid of MCM 41-PEN. Antibacterial activity has been performed by Kirby–Bauer method. ESPI has good antibacterial activity against both gram-positive (S. aureus and S. epidermidis) and gram-negative bacteria (E. cloacea). Each electrospray film displayed good biocompatibility against to mouse fibroblast cell line L929 (ATTC number CCL-1). The highest amount of cell proliferation has been detected on ESPIII surface. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.