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Öğe Advanced Treatment of Pre-treated Commercial Laundry Wastewater by Adsorption Process: Experimental Design and Cost Evaluation(Polish Soc Ecological Engineering, 2019) Veli, Sevil; Arslan, Ayla; Gülümser, Çisil; Topkaya, Eylem; Kurtkulak, Hatice; Zeybek, Şehriban; Dimoglo, AnatoliIn Turkey, the commercial laundry wastewater is usually discharged to the receiving water bodies and its reuse potential is ignored. This wastewater is grouped into the greywater due to their content of organic and inorganic pollutants. In recent years, the sequential processes have become more preferable in greywater treatment and reuse. In this study, a batch adsorption process was applied for further treatment of commercial laundry wastewater which is also pre-treated by means of the electrocoagulation process. In adsorption, two different composites of waste hazelnut shell derived activated carbons, which are supported with polyaniline (PAn/HS) and polypyrrole (PPy/HS), were used as adsorbents. The efficiency of the process was evaluated by means of an experimental design, and the response surface methodology was applied for this purpose. In the experiment with PAn/HS, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) 75% removal efficiency was accomplished with adsorbent dosage of 0.9 g, at pH 8, with 125 rpm mixing rate and for 77.5 min reaction time. For PPy/HS under the same experimental conditions, the COD removal efficiency was obtained as 20%. The utilization of waste hazelnut shell derived composites as adsorbents for commercial laundry wastewater treatment is a good alternative. The production costs of adsorbents were estimated as 0.70 USD/g and 3.21 USD/g for PAn/HS and PPy/HS, respectively. In terms of the production cost, the PAn/HS composite is approved more agreeable as adsorbents for commercial laundry wastewater treatment.Öğe Anti-kanser ilacı imatinib’in elektro-oksidasyon prosesi ile gideriminin yüzey yanıt metodu kullanılarak incelenmesi(2018) Barışçı, Sibel; Türkay, Özge; Dimoglo, AnatoliAtıksularında bulunan farmasötikler sucul canlılar üzerinde oldukça toksik olmaları nedeniyle büyüyen birendişe haline gelmektedir. Atıksularda ve yüzeysel sularda farmasötiklerin konsantrasyonları ?g/L ve ng/Lgibi çok düşük seviyelerde olmasına rağmen bunların kronik etkileri nedeniyle ciddi ve acil bir araştırmayagerek duyulmaktadır. Bu çevre ve sağlık problemlerinine yol açan farmasötik mikrokirleticileri atıksulardangidermek için klasik arıtma yöntemleri yetersiz olması sebebiyle ileri arıtma yöntemlerine ihtiyacduyulmaktadır. Özellikle elektrokimyasal prosesler bu tür mikrokirleticileri arıtmak için oldukça başarılıyöntemler olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Imatinib (IMT) adlı etken maddenin elektrooksidasyonyöntemi ile arıtılması çalışılmıştır. Imatinib etken maddesinin arıtılması için kimyasalelektrokimyasalstabiliteye sahip Ti/RuO2 elektrotu kullanılmıştır. Optimum çalışma şartlarınınbelirlenmesi amacıyla yüzey yanıt metodu (YYM) kullanılarak proses optimizasyonu yapılmıştır.Öğe Atık Karbon Keçenin Pirol ile Polimerizasyonu ve Katot Olarak Kullanılabilirliği(2023) Sezer, Mesut; İşgören, Melike; Veli, Sevil; Dimoglo, AnatoliElektrokimyasal prosesler, atıksudaki karışık kirletici yükünü tek basamakta arıtabilmeleri ve kısa sürede yüksek giderim verimi sağlamaları nedeniyle yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Son yıllarda bu arıtım yön-temleri ile ilgili en hızlı teknolojik gelişmeler yenilikçi elektrot üretimi alanında olup, birçok araştırmacı anot ve katot aktivitesini arttırmayı amaçlayan çalışmalar yapmaktadır. Bu çalışmaların bir diğer hedefi ise elektrot üretiminde en çok kullanılan ve yerkabuğundaki oranları her geçen gün azalan metallere alternatif olabilecek; elde edilmesi kolay, ucuz ve sürdürülebilir hammaddelerden elektrot eldesidir. Çalışmamızda kimyasal oksidatif polimerizasyon yöntemi kullanılarak atık karbon keçe (KK) üzerinde pirol monomeri-nin FeCl3.6H2O oksidantı ile polimerizyonu yapılmıştır. Polimerizasyon sonucunda polipirol kaplı karbon keçe (KK/PPy) elde edilmiştir. KK/PPy ve KK’nın elektrot olarak etkinliği elektrooksidasyon prosesinde boya giderimi üzerinden araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca pirol konsantrasyonu (0.05-1 M), oksidant konsantrasyonu (0.05-0.5 M) ve sıcaklığın (5-600C) katodun kütlesel artışı ve direnç azalışı üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. En yüksek direnç azalışını sağlayan polimerizasyon koşulları 0.2 M pirol konsantrasyonu, 0.3 M FeCl3.6H2O konsantrasyonu ve sıcaklık 50C olarak bulunmuştur. Optimum koşullarda üretilen KK/PPy ve işlem gör-memiş KK elektrooksidasyon prosesinde katot olarak kullanılarak aktiviteleri birbiri ile karşılaştırılmış ve boya gideriminde KK/PPy’nin daha etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca tekstil atığı olarak ortaya çıkan atık karbon keçeden elektrot malzemesi üretilmesi sürdürülebilir bir yötem olarak çevrenin ve doğal kaynakla-rın korunması ilkesine hizmet eden yenilikçi bir yaklaşımdır.Öğe Comparative evaluation of disinfection mechanism of sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide and electroactivated water on Enterococcus faecalis(Elsevier Science Bv, 2019) Ersoy, Zeynep Girgin; Dinç, Özge; Çınar, Buse; Gedik, Sedef Tunca; Dimoglo, AnatoliThe aim of this study is to compare the efficiency of chlorine-based disinfectants, namely, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chlorine dioxide (ClO2), and electroactivated water (EAW), and to investigate their inactivation mechanisms on a Gram positive, opportunistic pathogen Enterococcus faecalis. Cell viability, damages on membrane integrity and cellular components were examined to reveal underlying mechanisms of the disinfection process. Among three disinfectants, EAW was the most effective one to inactivate E. faecalis in less time with more damage. According to flow cytometry results, EAW destroyed 95.4% of bacteria within 1 min whereas NaOCl and ClO2 provided 73.9% and 72.6% bacterial inactivation after 20 min of treatment. The rapid increment at conductivity and lipid peroxidation within 30 s of treatment indicates that EAW causes membrane damage much more expeditiously compared to other disinfectants. DNA and protein leakage increased gradually during the treatment with EAW and reached 44.9 and 5.8 mu g/ml, respectively. All disinfectants were found as inactivating the bacteria by disrupting cell membrane integrity, unbalancing the ion concentration and damaging the cellular components such as DNA, protein, lipid molecules. It is considered that EAW is more effective due to its superior content including chlorine dioxide, free radicals and ozone besides hypochlorous acid.Öğe Deep purification of pretreated laundry wastewater through the adsorption by polymeric composites and optimisation of the process(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Veli, Sevil; Arslan, Ayla; Topkaya, Eylem; Gulumser, Cisil; Kurtkulak, Hatice; Belat, Begum; Dimoglo, AnatoliIn the article, the treatment of pre-treated laundry wastewater by adsorption method was studied through the experimental design. The composites of the polyaniline-supported activated carbons produced from sunflower seed hulls (PAn/SH) were used as adsorbents. Characteristics of the adsorbents were determined with the help of scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Experimental design was used to determine the effects of pH (4-12), reaction time (5-150 min), adsorbent amount (0.3-1.5 g) and mixing rate (50-200 rpm) on the process efficiency. Monitoring of the efficiency was held in terms of detergent and chemical oxygen demand removals. Response surface methodology based on the four-variable-three-level Box-Behnken design was used to interpret the adsorption properties of laundry wastewater on COD and detergent removal efficiencies. The removal efficiencies of the adsorption process were evaluated regarding to the experimental design and also Pareto analysis was applied for profiling the percentage effect of the independent variable on the response for the study. Accordingly, the most effective factors were computed as the amount of adsorbent (82%) in detergent removal and the mixing rate (31%) in COD removal, where pH was the second effective factor for both. The highest efficiencies of the MBAS and COD removals were achieved as 95% and 74% in the 24th run, respectively. In the treatment of laundry wastewater by adsorption method, using PAn/SH produced from the sunflower seed hulls as an adsorbent will be an alternative method.Öğe The degradation of 1,4 acetaminophen by electrocatalytic oxidation process and investigation the by-products of the system(Elsevier, 2023) Ozturk, Dilara; Akyol, Abdurrahman; Kara, Serdar; Dimoglo, AnatoliThe study was aimed at using Ti/IrO2-RuO2 electrocatalytic electrodes for the purpose of removing 1,4 -acetamin-ophen from a solution. The electrooxidation process's efficiency was studied by controlling various parameters such as pH (3-11), current density (100-1000 A.m-2), electrolyte type (NaCl, Na2SO4, KCl), and conductivity (1.5-10 mS.cm-1). Additionally, H2O2 addition (100-1000 mu L), and acetaminophen concentration (25-100 ppm) were also studied. In addition, it was found that when the initial concentrations were increased from 25 ppm to 100 ppm, there was a corresponding increase in the removal efficiencies, which ranged from 27% to 36% at a current density of 350 A.m-2 and a conductivity of 3.5 mS.cm-1 for a period of 90 min. The removal efficiency increased from 30% to 42% when 0.5 mL of 30% H2O2 was added to the initial concentration of 50 ppm. The presence of chlorine ions in a solution has been demonstrated to result in the formation of oxidation products. This result has enabled researchers to investigate the toxic and disinfecting properties of the solution. The LC-MS spectra analysis revealed the formation of intermediate degradation products. The identification of these me-tabolites enabled the suggestion of their structure and degradation mechanism.Öğe Electro-oxidation of cytostatic drugs: Experimental and theoretical identification of by-products and evaluation of ecotoxicological effects(Elsevier Science Sa, 2018) Barışçı, Sibel; Türkay, Özge; Ulusoy, Ebru; Şeker, Mine Gül; Yüksel, Ebubekir; Dimoglo, AnatoliMethotrexate (MTX) and Capecitabine (CPC) as mostly used cytostatic drugs were degraded by electro-oxidation process in this study. Ti/IrO2-RuO2 electrode was used to provide anodic oxidation. The effect of change of current density, initial pH of the solution and supporting electrolyte concentration on electro-oxidation of cytostatic drugs was evaluated. Current density of 30 mA/cm(2), neutral pH and supporting electrolyte concentration of 200 mg L-1 were determined as optimum operational parameters. After oxidation process, the transformation by-products of cytostatic drugs were identified by LC-MS-MS analysis. Density functional theory (DFT) modelling was performed and the calculations were given in harmony with analytic results. In addition, toxicity evaluation on the electro-oxidation was assessed due to the possible toxic effect of the metabolites after treatment process. Indeed, the transformation by-products of MTX showed toxic effects after treatment, however; the metabolites CPC did not cause toxicity although lower removal efficiency.Öğe Electrochemical Reduction of X-ray Contrast Iohexol at Mixed Metal Oxide Electrodes: Process Optimization and By-product Identification(Springer International Publishing Ag, 2018) Türkay, Özge; Barışçı, Sibel; Ulusoy, Ebru; Dimoglo, AnatoliThe reduction of commonly used X-ray contrast iohexol (IOX) by the electrooxidation process is presented in this study. To begin with, the effect of anode material was examined, and different mixed metal oxide electrodes (MMOs) such as Ti/RuO2, Ti/Pt, Ti/IrO2-RuO2, Ti/IrO2-Ta2O5, Ti/Ta2O5-SnO2-IrO2, and Pt/SnO2 were used. To assess experimental conditions at Ti/RuO2 anode, provided the highest removal efficiency, the response surface method was applied and the key influencing parameter was the process time. The determined optimal conditions were triplicated with real wastewater samples, and the average degradation efficiency of IOX was found to be 99%. By-products of the IOX degradation on the Ti/RuO2 anode have been identified using density functional theory and LC/MS-MS analysis. The results showed that IOX degradation opened with OH group detachment and resulted in the formation of a by-product with a molecular mass of 804 g mol(-1). Further degradation mechanism took place due to the breakup of C-4-C-10 and C-5-I-7 bonds with a by-product formed as 603 g mol(-1). Iodide atom replacement by OH groups caused the formation of a molecular fragment with 375 g mol(-1) molecular weight. The further disintegration of C-2-C-11 and C-6-N-16 sigma- bonds led to the formation of molecular masses of 133, 126, and 119 g mol(-1), respectively.Öğe Electrochemical treatment of anti-cancer drug carboplatin on mixed-metal oxides and boron doped diamond electrodes: Density functional theory modelling and toxicity evaluation(Elsevier Science Bv, 2018) Barışçı, Sibel; Türkay, Özge; Ulusoy, Ebru; Soydemir, Gülfem; Şeker, Mine Gül; Dimoglo, AnatoliThis study represents the electrooxidation of anti-cancer drug carboplatin (CrbPt) with different mixed metal oxide (MMO) and boron doped diamond (BDD) electrodes. The most effective anode was found as Ti/RuO2 with the complete degradation of CrbPt in just 5 min. The effect of applied current density, pH and electrolyte concentration on CrbPt degradation has been studied. The degradation of CrbPt significantly increased at the initial stages of the process with increasing current density. However, further increase in current density did not affect the degradation rate. While complete degradation of CrbPt was provided at pH 7, the degradation rates were 49% and 75% at pH 9 and 4, respectively. Besides, increasing supporting electrolyte (Na2SO4) concentration provided higher degradation rate but further increase in Na2SO4 concentration did not provide higher degradation rate due to excess amount of SO4-2 According to the DFT calculations, the formation of [Pt(NH3)(2) (H2O)(2)](2+) and [Pt(NH3)(2) (OH)(2)] takes place with molecular weights of 265 and 263 gmol(-1), respectively. Toxicity of treated samples at BDD and Ti/RuO2 electrodes has been also evaluated in this study. The results showed that Ti/RuO2 anode provided zero toxicity at the end of the process. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Electrocoagulation/electroflotation as a combined process for the laundry wastewater purification and reuse(Elsevier, 2019) Dimoglo, Anatoli; Elibol, P. Sevim; Dinç, Özge; Gökmen, K.; Erdoğan, H.( )The purpose of this work is to purify wastewater from industrial laundries and return them to the washing process. By means of the methods of electrocoagulation and electroflotation, laboratory and pilot studies on the wastewater treatment were carried out using aluminium electrodes. The process of wastewater treatment has been studied in dependence on treatment time, temperature, pH and current density. The effectiveness of the cleaning process under different values of operating parameters of the reactor was estimated as the percentage of color, turbidity and surfactant removal from the wastewater. As a result of laboratory studies, the optimum values of the operating parameters of the reactor at 90% removal of contamination were the following: current density value as 5.26 mA/cm(2), pH as 5.5 and 5 min processing time. The consumption of electrical energy in this case amounted to 1.25 kWh/ m(3). The quality control of the purified water was carried out according to such additional parameters as total suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon, and the content of metal ions and phosphate and nitrate anions in the water. The study of the wastewater treatment in a pilot plant with laboratory values of operating parameters showed the reproducibility of the purification results for the controlled parameters of water quality and suitability of the water for reuse. The washing performed with purified water was estimated by the whiteness index for bed linen and was not inferior to the traditional washing with water from a source of water supply.Öğe In vitro biocompatibility study approaches to evaluate the safety profile of electrolyzed water for skin and eye(Sage Publications Ltd, 2019) Sipahi, Hande; Reis, Rengin; Dinç, Özge; Kavaz, T.; Dimoglo, Anatoli; Aydın, AhmetElectrolyzed water (EW) is a widely used disinfectant agent with high oxidation-reduction potential (ORP). Although EW has been used in many areas, such as food hygiene, agriculture, and animal husbandry, the studies presented in the literature are not enough to clarify the toxic effects of EW. The aim of this study is, therefore, to produce EWs at different pH, ORP, and chlorine concentrations and to assess their safety in terms of toxicology. At the beginning of the study, the antimicrobial activity of the EW types with respect to bacteria and fungus was investigated. EWs below pH 7 were all effective in inactivating Enterococcus hirae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans completely. In vitro studies of cell cultures revealed that different concentrations of EWs were not cytotoxic for the L929 cells under 10- to 80-fold dilutions. In addition, it has been determined that produced EWs did not have irritation potential, according to the in vitro EpiDerm((TM)), reconstituted skin irritation test in the frames of biocompatibility tests. For the mucous membrane irritation test, the hen's egg test-chorioallantoic membrane experiment was performed, and EWs were found to have no eye irritation. In conclusion, it has been shown that produced EWs with antimicrobial efficacy were found to be safe for skin and eye according to in vitro biocompatibility study studies. Thus, the establishment of a technological infrastructure for the EW production and the use of produced EW as an effective disinfectant in the food, medical, and agricultural areas should be encouraged.Öğe Influence of the Electrocatalytic Anode Nature on Dye Destruction(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2023) Dimoglo, Anatoli; Utlu, Birkan; Ozturk, Dilara; Gokmen-Erdogan, KubraIn order to extract a highly concentrated dye from textile industry wastewater, an electrocatalytic oxidation method based on Ru/Ir/Ti, RuO2/IrO2/TiO2 electrodes and high-density graphite was used. Optimization of the oxidation process was controlled by varying such parameters as current density, pH, concentration of supporting electrolyte (NaCl), wastewater treatment time. The maximum dye removal from wastewater is achieved at pH 7.1, current density 70 mA cm-2, NaCl concentration 3 g/L, and treatment time 15 minutes. Among the investigated electrodes, the Ru/Ir/Ti anode and titanium-based oxides of these metals proved to be the most effective. The percentage of color removal for all anodes increases with increasing current density and duration of solution treatment. For a graphite electrode, at a current density of 70 mA cm-2 and a treatment time of 10 minutes, a maximum dye removal of 90 % is achieved. The percentage of color removal for Ru/Ir/Ti and RuO2/IrO2/TiO2 electrodes is higher than for graphite and amounted to 98 % and 92 %, respectively. The results of the electronic structure of the dye made it possible to shed light on the nature of the electronic spectra and the possible mechanism of the electrocatalytic act. Consideration of the dependence of color removal, COD and TOC on such parameters as current density, water treatment time in the reactor showed that the efficiency of the wastewater treatment process increases in the series: graphiteÖğe Laundry wastewater treatment by peroxi-coagulation(Desalination Publ, 2020) Nayir, Tulin Yilmaz; Dinc, Ozge; Kara, Serdar; Akyol, Abdurrahman; Dimoglo, AnatoliPeroxi-coagulation (PC) process was developed with iron anodes and carbon-polytetrafluoroethylene cathodes for the treatment of laundry wastewater (LWW). The effect of operating conditions as pH, current density and temperature were investigated by response surface modeling. Whereas temperature change did not affect the reaction, pH change dominated it especially between pH 5-7 causing an effective coagulation process. The model was devoted to maximizing the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), methylene blue substances (MBAS) and total phosphorus (TP) and to minimizing total residual iron (TFe) concentration in the treated wastewater. Complete TP removal and high removal efficiencies in terms of COD and MBAS were provided at optimal operation conditions (pH 7, current density 45 mA/cm(2) and temperature: 25 degrees C). During the PC process H2O2 and S2O82- production was observed. According to the results, H2O2 concentration was stable during the process after a certain increment; however, persulfate production reached maximum value when surfactant (namely: linear alkylbenzene sulfonate) concentration was almost minimum in the bulk. In the PC process, both the oxidation with possibly formed radicals (i.e. (OH)-O-center dot and SO4-center dot) and the coagulation with iron precipitation are responsible for the LWW treatment.Öğe Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Docking of Combretastatin and Colchicine Derivatives and their hCE1-Activated Prodrugs as Antiviral Agents(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2019) Richter, Michael; Boldescu, Veaceslav; Graf, Dominik; Streicher, Felix; Dimoglo, Anatoli; Bartenschlager, Ralf; Klein, Christian D.Recent studies indicate that tubulin can be a host factor for vector-borne flaviviruses like dengue (DENV) and Zika (ZIKV), and inhibitors of tubulin polymerization such as colchicine have been demonstrated to decrease virus replication. However, toxicity limits the application of these compounds. Herein we report prodrugs based on combretastatin and colchicine derivatives that contain an ester cleavage site for human carboxylesterase, a highly abundant enzyme in monocytes and hepatocytes targeted by DENV. Relative to their parent compounds, the cytotoxicity of these prodrugs was reduced by several orders of magnitude. All synthesized prodrugs containing a leucine ester were hydrolyzed by the esterase in vitro. In contrast to previous reports, the phenylglycine esters were not cleaved by human carboxylesterase. The antiviral activity of combretastatin, colchicine, and selected prodrugs against DENV and ZIKV in cell culture was observed at low micromolar and sub-micromolar concentrations. In addition, docking studies were performed to understand the binding mode of the studied compounds to tubulin.
