Yazar "Bir, Songul" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Determination of Anatolian Honeybee Biodiversity by Wing Characters
    (Univ Estadual Feira Santana, 2023) Kekecoglu, Meral; Bir, Songul; Acar, Merve Kambur
    In this study, we report that there were five different subspecies and three different ecotypes defined so far in Turkiye, which has a rich biodiversity in terms of honeybee subspecies. However, recently, it has been thought that the current biodiversity is in danger of extinction due to the commercial queen bee supply and the migratory beekeeping activities from a single source. This study uses the morphometric method to reveal the current status of honeybee biodiversity in Turkiye. For this purpose, a total of 3186 worker bees were studied by samplings from 19 different provinces to represent the honeybee races and ecotypes distributed in Turkiye. We made wing preparations and established 19 landmarks on the right forewings using the BAB BsPro200 program. The program automatically obtained the wing's metrics' angle, length, and index values via these 19 landmarks. We used Discriminant function analysis to determine intragroup and intergroup variations by taking the colony averages from data obtained from 31 morphological characters. Given the canonical discriminant function analysis and UPGMA dendrogram, Zonguldak, Duzce, Sakarya, Artvin, Ardahan, and Trabzon constituted a group, and Edirne, Kilis, Van, and Isparta formed a separate group. Hakkari, Kahramanmaras, and Ordu provinces formed a separate line together. On the other hand, the group centers of Kars and Kirklareli, two different ends of Turkiye, overlapped and formed a close line with Isparta. As a result, this study revealed that, although the protection measures taken at the local level effectively protected the honeybee biodiversity, these measures are insufficient.
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    Honeybee biodiversity based on five mitochondrial genes and new evidence for different sublineages in Türkiye
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2024) Kekecoglu, Meral; Bir, Songul; Kambur Acar, Merve; Ilyasov, Rustem
    In this study, the genetic structure of honey bee populations in T & uuml;rkiye was analyzed using eleven restriction endonuclease enzymes targeting the COI-COII, COI, 16S rDNA, ND5 and CYT B genes. A total of 553 worker honey bee samples were collected from 43 different districts across T & uuml;rkiye, as well as from Greece, Bulgaria, and Georgia countries neighboring T & uuml;rkiye. Analysis of the COI region using the Hin fI restriction enzyme revealed the presence of two mitotypes. Type 1 was the predominant type in T & uuml;rkiye, while type 2 was detected exclusively in Hatay, a province in the southern part of the country. Notably, the absence of the HincII site in the COI region and the EcoRI site in the 16S rDNA gene in the Hatay samples suggests that these samples belong to the A lineage. However, several samples from Hatay were classified as belonging to mitochondrial lineage O due to the presence of BglII and Hin fI restriction sites in the CYT B gene. Except for Hatay, which displayed an EcoRI site in the 16S rDNA fragment and lacked a Hin fI site in the CYT B fragment, all samples were identified as belonging to the C lineage. Furthermore, the COI-COII restriction patterns with DraI for lineages C and Z were consistent with the findings. The restriction analysis revealed that several samples from Hatay exhibited the most divergent mitotype in comparison with other honey bee populations studied, resembling African or Arabian honey bees. The results of this study indicate that Anatolia serves as a genetic center for Middle Eastern honey bees, and Hatay acts as a transitional zone. However, the findings also suggest that the introduction of foreign commercial queen bees into T & uuml;rkiye has led to some degree of hybridization between native and nonnative honey bee subspecies.
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    Morphometric and mtDNA Variability Reveals Beekeeping Influences on Duzce Honeybee Populations
    (Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2023) Bir, Songul; Kekecoglu, Meral
    In this study, the variability of Duzce honey bee populations using morphometric, restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analysis of five different regions of mitochondrial DNA were studied. 1440 worker honey bee samples were collected from colonies in distant apiaries located eight district of Duzce provinces. Worker bees were dissected and twelve morphometric characters related to length of proboscis, legs and front wings of samples were measured. A mitochondrial DNA fragment containing non-coding CoxI-CoxII, 16srDNA, ND5, Cytb and CoxI regions were amplified and analyzed with nineteen different restriction endonuclease enzymes. Non-coding CoxI-CoxII gene was digested by DraI, XbaI ve HinfI enzymes and revealed two and three different haplotypes with these enzymes respectively. There were no variation in SspI, XhoI, HinfI and DraI restriction pattern of CoxI gene region of mtDNA. 16srDNA with HincII and SspI revealed two different types for each enzymes. Cytb was revealed two types of patterns with DraI, although ND5 gene revealed no variation for SspI, DraI ve HincII enzymes. Some samples, which were shown variation by RFLP were subjected to sequence analysis for each mitochondrial DNA fargment. Consequently genetic analysis revealed a compatible variation with morphometric analysis. Surprisingly, genetic introgression to common and unique haplotypes was determined due to foreign queen bee