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Öğe Bullying and victimization among Turkish children and adolescents: examining prevalence and associated health symptoms(Springer, 2012) Arslan, Sevda; Hallett, Victoria; Akkaş, Eşref; Akkaş, Özlem AltınbaşOver the past decade, concerns about bullying and its effects on school health have grown. However, few studies in Turkey have examined the prevalence of bullying in childhood and adolescence and its association with health problems. The current study aimed to examine the prevalence and manifestation of bullying and victimization among male and female students aged 11-15 years. A second goal was to examine the physical and psychological symptoms associated with being a bully, victim and both a bully and a victim ('bully-victim'). Participants were 1,315 students from grades 5, 7, and 9, selected from three schools in Western Turkey. Twenty percent of the students were found to be involved in the cycle of bullying (5 % as a bully, 8 % as a victim, and 7 % as bully-victims). Bullies (although not victims) were found to show decreased levels of school satisfaction and school attendance. Being a victim or a bully-victim was associated with a significantly increased risk of experiencing a wide range of physical and psychological health symptoms (victims OR, 1.67-3.38; p < 0.01; bully-victims OR, 2.13-3.15; p < 0.01). Being a bully, in contrast, was associated with high levels of irritability (OR, 2.82; p < 0.01), but no other health concerns. Children that were bullies and victims were almost as vulnerable to health symptoms as children that were purely victims. Conclusion: These findings contribute to a better understanding of bullying in Turkish schools, emphasizing the negative effects of bullying involvement on health and well-being.Öğe Complementary Nutrition Methods in Newborn(2022) Düzeltici, Şükran; Arslan, SevdaIt is ideal for all newborns to feed their mothers’ milk. Due to weak oral-motor functions, being neurologically and physiologically immature, sucking-swallowing-breathing coordination, some newborns cannot immediately breastfeed and are hence unable to obtain oral nutrition. Therefore, it is necessary to initiate proper nutrition in those newborns who are not breastfeeding. In the graves of the Nile basin, items such as cups, cow horns and ceramic cups dating to 500 BC have been found, indicating the earliest search for alternative options for infant feeding. Today, this search continues, with parenteral and oral or nasogastric tubes; enteral feeding methods include feeding with a bottle, plate, spoon, finger, syringe, or dropper. It is preferred to total parenteral nutrition. For newborn nutrition, enteral and parenteral nutrition could also be applied together. However, even with the most appropriate method, feeding newborn infants could be very difficult. Hence, every newborn nurse should know the preterm and term newborn feeding methods and should have the ability to apply these methods properly. The purpose of this article is to update the nurses on newborn feeding methods.Öğe Cyberbullying Among Primary School Students in Turkey: Self-Reported Prevalence and Associations with Home and School Life(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc, 2012) Arslan, Sevda; Savaşer, Sevim; Hallett, Victoria; Balcı, SerapThe current study examined the self-reported prevalence and nature of cyberbullying and victimization among second, third, and fourth grade students (N=372) and explored associated features of home and school life. Of the children in the current sample, 27 percent had been victims of cyberbullying, 18 percent had been aggressors, and 15 percent had been both cyberbullies and victims. Boys were significantly more likely to carry out cyberbullying than girls. Cyberbullying exposure (as both a bully and a victim) was significantly associated with low levels of self-reported school satisfaction (bullies odds ratio [OR]: 2.45; victims OR: 2.10; p < 0.05) and achievement (bullies OR: 3.85; victims OR: 3.47, p < 0.05). Paternal unemployment was also associated with a three-fold increase in the likelihood of being a cyberbully. Increased awareness and regulation is now required within schools and within the home to tackle this escalating problem.Öğe The effect of ethnocentrism and moral sensitivity on intercultural sensitivity in nursing students, descriptive cross-sectional research study(Churchill Livingstone, 2021) Kaya, Yunus; Arslan, Sevda; Erbas, Atiye; Yasar, Beril Nisa; Kucukkelepce, Gulhan ErkusBackground: Factors affecting intercultural sensitivity and care are becoming an increasingly important issue due to ethnic diversity. Nurses play a crucial role in care and therefore should keep up with this trend and improve their intercultural sensitivity. Objective and design: This descriptive cross-sectional study investigated the effects of ethnocentrism and moral sensitivity on intercultural sensitivity in nursing students. Methods and participants: Data were collected using a demographic characteristics questionnaire and the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale, Generalized Ethnocentrism Scale, and Moral Sensitivity Scale. The sample consisted of 1343 nursing students. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine correlations between scale scores. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the effects of ethnocentrism, moral sensitivity, and demographic characteristics on intercultural sensitivity. Results: Intercultural sensitivity was found to be negatively correlated with ethnocentrism and positively correlated with moral sensitivity. Ethnocentrism predicted intercultural sensitivity more than moral sensitivity. Ethnocentrism and moral sensitivity explained 16.8% of the total variance of intercultural sensitivity. However, ethnocentrism affected intercultural sensitivity more than moral sensitivity did (beta = -0.406). Conclusion: Nursing education should adopt strategies to reduce ethnocentrism by helping students develop cultural competence and intercultural sensitivity. Such education can equip nurses to provide higher quality care to patients of different cultural backgrounds.Öğe Levels of vocational satisfaction, burnout and compassion fatigue of health professionals working in pediatric clinics(Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 2022) Koyuncu, Oğuz; Arslan, SevdaBACKGROUND Burnout and compassion fatigue are affecting the quality of professional life. AIM To investigate the levels of vocational satisfaction, burnout, and compassion fatigue and factors that may be related to health professionals working in children’s clinics. METHODS The study sample was in the west of Turkey. Data were collected using the questionnaire form and the quality of life scale for employees. RESULTS The findings obtained in this study showed that the level of vocational satisfaction of female health professionals and the burnout level of male health professionals were higher. The professional satisfaction of the doctors was lower than that of the nurses and midwives, and the mean score of burnout and fatigue was high. CONCLUSION Further studies are needed on this topic to help improve the factors that may affect the professional quality of life of health professionals. ©The Author(s) 2022.Öğe Mothers’ Fever Phobia and Fever Management(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2015) Arslan, Sevda; Aydın, MeryemFever is not only the most common clinical symptoms in childhood but also the causes of most applications in childrenemergency services. It is a frequent cause of parental concern because children easily feel ill and fever is noticeablefrom outside. This study was conducted to determine the knowledge of Turkish mothers’ with had 0-6 age group childrenabout fever. Also the study inquires reasons of fever phobia and tries to determine the fever management options duringfever rise. This study was conducted from mothers with 0-6 age group children and who have applied to Duzce StateHospital Pediatric Clinic with variety of reasons. A 30-item questionnaire consisting of close ended questions wasdeveloped for this survey. The questions of survey are about socio-demographic characteristics of the children and theirmothers’, the mothers’ definition and measurements methods of fever, their applications to cope fever, fever managementand potential risks of fever. 135 mothers with 0-6 age group children were interviewed face to face. 97.7% of mothers’indicated the child’ fever needed to be reduced, 84.5% of mothers afraid of febrile convulsion when child’s fever rise,15.2% of mother afraid of brain damage, 11.4% of mother afraid of the childs’death. Only 7% of mothers define 40degrees and above as high fever. 38.1% of mothers prefer paracetamol, 38.1% of mothers prefer ibuprofen as first feverreducing medication. Families’ fever phobia results with high dose use of antipyretic. Education that will be given byhealth professionals to families based on emphasizing the wrong traditional implementations risks. If note that most ofmother education level were primary school and important is clear definition of fever and fever management strategieswill help the parents to reduce fever easily and this will increase their awareness. It is important to strengthen the positivebehavior pattern of rural community and avoid from harmful implementations through educational programs are veryimportant and crucial in fever managementÖğe Pediatri Hemşireliği Öğrencileri Klinik Rahatlık ve Endişe Değerlendirme Aracının Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2018) Arslan, Sevda; Konuk Şener, Dilek; Cangür, ŞengülAmaç: Hemşirelik öğrencileri pediatri kliniği rotasyonu sırasında, ilk kez yenidoğan bir bebeğe dokunmak ya da hasta bir çocuğa bakım vermek konusunda endişe ve korku yaşamaktadırlar. Türkiye’de pediatri kliniği rotasyonu sırasında hemşirelik öğrencilerinin endişe ve konforlarını ölçebilecek bir ölçüm aracı bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Pediatri Hemşireliği Öğrencileri Klinik Rahatlık ve Endişe Değerlendirme Aracının Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmasını yapmak ve ülkemiz hemşirelik literatürüne bu ölçüm aracını kazandırmaktır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Metodolojik türde olan bu araştırma, Şubat-Mayıs 2015 tarihleri arasında pediatri dersi alan 117 hemşirelik yüksekokulu öğrencisi ile yapılmıştır. Pediatri Hemşireliği Öğrencileri Klinik Rahatlık ve Endişe Değerlendirme Aracı, endişe ve rahatlık olmak üzere iki boyut ve 11 maddeden oluşan likert tipinde bir ölçüm aracıdır. Ölçeğin Türkçe’ye çevirisi ve yeniden orijinal diline çevirisi yapılarak ayrıca uzman görüşleri alınarak dil geçerliği yapılmıştır. Davis tekniği ile içerik geçerliği değerlendirilmiştir. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini test etmek için de MINRES Faktör Analizi ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Güvenirlik için Cronbach alfa katsayısı ve madde toplam korelasyon değerleri kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Ölçeğin Davis içerik geçerlik puanı 0.97’dir ve içerik geçerliği kabul edilebilir düzeydedir. MINRES Faktör analiziyle elde edilen iki boyutlu modelin açıklanma oranı %54.69’dur. Bu modelin ilk boyutu (Endişe) 5 maddeden ve ikinci boyutu (Rahatlık) 6 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Yapı geçerliği analizleri sonucunda önerilen model anlamlıdır (p=0.196). Modelin uyum indeksleri kombine bir şekilde değerlendirildiğinde, önerilen model genel olarak iyi uyum göstermektedir. Ölçeğin Cronbach alpha katsayıları endişe alt boyutu için 0.89, rahatlık alt boyutu için ise 0.68’dir.Sonuç: Bu çalışmada Pediatri Hemşireliği Öğrencileri Klinik Rahatlık ve Endişe Aracının geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğu gösterilmiştir.Öğe Perception, Evaluation and Management of Pain in the Newborn(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2018) Eroğlu, Ayşe; Arslan, SevdaNewborn babies encounter many painful interventions the moment they open their eyes to life. In babies who have begun to live in the newborn intensive care unit, it is inconceivable to meet with painful procedures. Behavioral and neurological problems may arise in infants if the pain is not treated effectively in this period. İt is necessary and important for all health team members to have knowledge, skills and experience in assessing the pain condition of newborns and in pain management for the newborn care. They express the pain they experience by demonstrating physiological, behavioral, hormonal and metabolic changes. The degree of pain can be assessed by pain scoring methods based on observation and interpretation of these changes. Assessment of pain response using appropriate pain scale guides treatment. The pain has two forms of treatment impending pharmacological and non-pharmacological. These methods can be used together or individually. However, the most important part of the treatment is the reduction and removal of painful stimuli as much as possible. The purpose of this article is to raise awareness of the presence of newborns’ pain sensation and treatment needs in health care team members taking part in neonatal care and to explain the methods to be used for effective pain therapy in the direction of current literature.Öğe Prevalence of Peer Bullying in High School Students in Turkey and the Roles of Socio-Cultural and Demographic Factors in the Bullying Cycle(All India Inst Medical Sciences, 2011) Arslan, Sevda; Savaşer, Sevim; Yazgan, YankıThis research was conducted as a descriptive and relational study to determine the frequency of bullying among high school students and the relationships between some of their characteristics and their roles in the bullying cycle. The research data were obtained from 1670 students in the 9th and 10th grades of six high schools in Istanbul province. The data were analyzed with percentage distribution, Chi square, t test, correlation and Tukey test.The Determination of Peer Bullying Scale and a Personal Information Form were used for data collection in the research. According to the Determination of Peer Bullying Scale 17% of the students were in a bullying cycle (5.3% as bully, 5.9% as victim, and 5.8% as both bully and victim). The boys used more direct methods of bullying and girls more indirect methods of bullying. The rate of bullying behavior was also higher in boys and being a victim was higher in girls; the majority of the girls were bullied by girls and the majority of the boys were bullied by boys. More of those involved in bullying incidents had unexcused absenteeism from school and stated that they did not like school. The results obtained from this research show that the prevalence of bullying in high schools in Turkey is similar to the results in other countries. Determination of the causative factors that support and maintain bullying behavior for implementation of prevention programs is required.Öğe Psycometric Characteristics of the Turkish Version of the Caregiver Vaccination Attitudes Scale(Galenos Publ House, 2022) Sobcali, Sefa; Arslan, SevdaObjective: This study aims to determine the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Caregiver Vaccination Attitudes Scale. Method: This methodologically designed study consists of parents (n n = 220) of 12-35 months old children applying to the Department of Child Health and Diseases in one Research and Application Center for any reason between July 2020 and June 2021. The data were collected using the Descriptive Information Form and Caregiver Vaccination Attitudes Scale and the analysis was made by transferring them to IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics 23 and IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences AMOS 23 programs. Frequency distribution for categorical variables, descriptive statistics for numerical variables, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis for scale validity, Cronbach's alpha value for reliability, and intraclass correlation coefficient analysis for test-retest reliability were used. Results: In the construct validity of the scale, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was found to be .951 and the Barlett's test showing its suitability for factor analysis was significant (p < .001). The scale consisted of 13 items and a single factor. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was .941, and the total explained variance was 62.822%. The fit index values for the confirmatory factor analysis model of the scale were determined as chi(2)/df = 2.368, goodness of fit index =.908, normed fit index =.941, comparative fit index =.965, root mean square error of approximation =.079, and standardized root mean square residual =.035, and they were well-matched. Conclusion: The Caregiver Vaccination Attitudes Scale is a valid and reliable scale adapted to Turkish society, and it is sufficient and satisfactory in terms of distribution, measurement skill, internal consistency, and model fit.Öğe Psycometric Characteristics of the Turkish Version of the Caregiver Vaccination Attitudes Scale(2022) Sobcalı, Sefa; Arslan, SevdaObjective: This study aims to determine the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Caregiver Vaccination Attitudes Scale. Method: This methodologically designed study consists of parents (n = 220) of 12–35 months old children applying to the Department of Child Health and Diseases in one Research and Application Center for any reason between July 2020 and June 2021. The data were collected using the “Descriptive Information Form” and “Caregiver Vaccination Attitudes Scale” and the analysis was made by transferring them to IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics 23 and IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences AMOS 23 programs. Frequency distribution for categorical variables, descriptive statistics for numerical variables, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis for scale validity, Cronbach’s alpha value for reliability, and intraclass correlation coefficient analysis for test–retest reliability were used. Results: In the construct validity of the scale, the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin value was found to be .951 and the Barlett’s test showing its suitability for factor analysis was significant (p < .001). The scale consisted of 13 items and a single factor. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was .941, and the total explained variance was 62.822%. The fit index values for the confirmatory factor analysis model of the scale were determined as ?2/df = 2.368, goodness of fit index = .908, normed fit index = .941, comparative fit index = .965, root mean square error of approximation = .079, and standardized root mean square residual = .035, and they were well-matched. Conclusion: The Caregiver Vaccination Attitudes Scale is a valid and reliable scale adapted to Turkish society, and it is sufficient and satisfactory in terms of distribution, measurement skill, internal consistency, and model fit.Öğe Quality of College Life (QCL) of Students in Turkey: Students' Life Satisfaction and Identification(Springer, 2014) Arslan, Sevda; Akkaş, Özlem AltınbaşUnderstanding the complexities of a students' quality of life has become essential in order for universities to plan their spending most efficiently. This study tests a model which was used to judge the satisfaction of college life and evaluates the overall impact of quality of college life (social, academic, and service satisfaction), life satisfaction, and identification. Secondly, the study assesses the impact of a university's academic program, social life, facilities, and services on the students' college life quality in this sample in relation to similar studies from Turkey and other countries. The survey included 1,260 students attending a public university in northwestern Turkey. Measurement tools included the quality of college life scale (QCL), Satisfaction with college life scale, identification scale satisfaction with life scale and personal information form. The results show social satisfaction has the strongest positive impact on QCL. This study found that life satisfaction and university identification had a positive impact on a university student's satisfaction with college life. According to survey results it is also suggested that University administrators can primarily focus on improving the social satisfaction of the students then improve facilities and services, in order to raise academic satisfaction levels.Öğe Research Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology and Psychosocial Interventions (RUPP) Autism Network Tarafından Otizmi Olan Çocukların Ailelerine Yönelik Olarak Geliştirilen Aile Eğitimi Programı(2014) Arslan, Sevda; Yazgan, Yankı; Güler, Ayşegül SelcenResearch Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology and Psychosocial Interventions (RUPP) Autism Network grubu tarafından geliştirilen aile eğitimi programı, ABA (Uygulamalı Davranış Analizi) temel alınarak hazırlanmış ve otizmi olan çocukların ailelerinin eğitilerek çocukların problemli davranışlarının önlenmesi veya azaltılmasının yanında olumlu davranışların kazandırılmasını amaçlamaktadır. RUPP grubu yaptıkları randomize kontrollü klinik çalışmalarda aile eğitiminin, çocukların işlevselliklerinde ve aile ilişkilerinde klinik olarak anlamlı gelişmeler sağladığını, risperidon ve aile eğitiminin birlikte uygulandığı çocukların yıkıcı ve saldırgan davranışlarında, sadece risperidon alan çocuklara göre istatiksel olarak anlamlı derecede azalma ve uyum becerilerinde artma görüldüğünü belirlemişlerdir. Türkiyede yaygın gelişimsel bozukluğu olan çocukların ailelerine yönelik benzer bir program bulunmamaktadir. Bu yazıda, RUPP Autism Network tarafından geliştirilen aile eğitimi programının tanıtılması amaçlanmıştır. (Gün cel Pe di at ri 2014;2:95-102)Öğe “Research Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology and Psychosocial Interventions RUPP Autism Network” Tarafından Otizmi Olan Çocukların Ailelerine Yönelik Olarak Geliştirilen Aile Eğitimi Programı(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2014) Arslan, Sevda; Yazgan, Yankı; Güler, Ayşegül Selcen“Research Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology and Psychosocial Interventions RUPP Autism Network” grubu tarafından geliştirilen aile eğitimi programı, ABA Uygulamalı Davranış Analizi temel alınarak hazırlanmış ve otizmi olan çocukların ailelerinin eğitilerek çocukların problemli davranışlarının önlenmesi veya azaltılmasının yanında olumlu davranışların kazandırılmasını amaçlamaktadır. RUPP grubu yaptıkları randomize kontrollü klinik çalışmalarda aile eğitiminin, çocukların işlevselliklerinde ve aile ilişkilerinde klinik olarak anlamlı gelişmeler sağladığını, risperidon ve aile eğitiminin birlikte uygulandığı çocukların yıkıcı ve saldırgan davranışlarında, sadece risperidon alan çocuklara göre istatiksel olarak anlamlı derecede azalma ve uyum becerilerinde artma görüldüğünü belirlemişlerdir. Türkiye’de yaygın gelişimsel bozukluğu olan çocukların ailelerine yönelik benzer bir program bulunmamaktadir. Bu yazıda, RUPP Autism Network tarafından geliştirilen aile eğitimi programının tanıtılması amaçlanmıştırÖğe Tip 1 Diyabetli Adolesanlarda Web Tabanlı Egzersiz Eğitiminin Etkinliği(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2020) Gülcü, Seltap; Arslan, Sevda; Arslanoğlu, İlknurAmaç: Bu çalışma web tabanlı hazırlanmış diyabetli adölesanlarda egzersiz eğitim modülünün bireylerin mevcut alt yapısına göre uygulanabilirliği ile bilgi düzeyi, adölesanların diyabet yönetimi ve egzersize bakışı üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yarı deneysel, prospektif bir çalışma olarak yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma bir üniversite hastanesinde Kasım 2018- Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirildi. Çalışma protokolüne uygun 10-18 yaş aralığındaki hasta popülasyonundan çalışmayı kabul eden 65 adölesan çalışmaya alındı. Çalışma grubuna her hafta bir eğitim olmak üzere beş hafta süren web tabanlı egzersiz eğitimi verildi. Veri toplamada diyabetli adölesanları tanılamak, web sitesinin etkinliğini, eğitim öncesi ve sonrası bilgi düzeylerini ve egzersiz yapmak ile ilgili kararlarını belirlemek amacı ile test ve formlar kullanıldı. Bulgular: Yapılan çalışma sonucunda eğitim sonrası diyabetli adölesanların egzersiz yapma kararı sorgulandığında 49 kişiden sadece %2’sinin (n=1) egzersiz yapmayacağım şeklinde karar aldığı diğerlerinin ise olumlu dönüşümler yaptığı ve %57,1’inin ise (n=28) kararlı bir şekilde egzersiz yapmak istediği saptandı. Bilgi test sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde ise eğitim öncesi yanlış sayısında eğitim sonrası anlamlı bir azalma meydana geldiği (p=0,038) belirlendi. Çalışmaya katılan diyabetli adölesanlar düzensiz de olsa %94,8’nin bedensel harekette bulunduğu ve %53,4’nün de düzenli spor yaptığı belirlendi. Sonuç: Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre tip 1 diyabetli adölesanların eğitim ve izleminde, web tabanlı eğitim siteleri tamamlayıcı bir araç olarak kullanılabilir.Öğe TİP 1 DİYABETLİ ADÖLESANLARIN UYKU VE YAŞAM KALİTESİ İLE PSİKOLOJİK SAĞLAMLIK DÜZEYLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ(Abdülkadir IŞIK, 2021) Baştopcu, Özge; Arslan, Sevda; Arslanoğlu, İlknurBu çalışma Tip 1 diyabetli adölesanların uyku ve yaşam kalitesi ile psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır. Çalışma, Ekim 2018-Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasında Türkiye’nin batısında bulunan Düzce Üniversitesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezinde endokrin polikliniğine veya pediatri servisine başvuran, 13 ile 18 yaş arasındaki Tip 1 diyabetli adölesanlar üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, tip 1 diyabetli adölesanlara yönelik tanıtıcı bilgilerin bulunduğu Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Pittsburgh Uyku Kalite Indeksi (PUKİ), Çocuklar İçin Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği, Çocuk Ve Genç Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği ile yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde Kolmogorov Smirnov, Mann Whitney U, Kruskall Wallis H, Sperman’s rho testleri kullanılmıştır. Tip 1 diyabetli adölesanların %55,6’sı (n=50) kız ve %50’si (n=45) 13-14 yaş grubundadır. Adölesanların %33,3’ü (n=30) yedi yıl ve üzeri süredir hastadır. Çalışmaya katılan adölesanların tamamının insülin uygulamasını kendi yaptığı, %45,6’sının (n=41) diyabetin günlük faaliyetlerini yapmaya iyi derecede izin verdiğini, yarıdan fazlasının gece altı ile sekiz saat arasında uyuduğu ve gece kan şekeri hiç veya bir kez bakanların çoğunlukta olduğu bulunmuştur. Tip 1 diyabetli adölesanların uyku (PUKİ = 4,69) kalitesi iyi düzeydedir. Uyku kalitesi iyi olanların ve tanı sırasında diyabet eğitimi alanların yaşam kaliteleri iyi, psikolojik sağlamlıklarının yüksek düzeyde olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Tip 1 diyabetli adölesanlara uyku ve yaşam kalitesinin arttırılması ile psikolojik sağlamlıklarının yükseltilmesinde öncü olan eğitimlerin sağlık profesyonelleri tarafından aksatılmadan verilmesi, diyabet takiplerinin düzenli olması ile bu konuda daha fazla çalışma yapılması önerilmektedir.Öğe Vaccine Application on Children: A Current Review(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2018) Gülcü, Seltap; Arslan, SevdaVaccine is now the most effective and economical method known for the protection of the health of individual and public. Vaccine is constitutively the injection of pathogenic organisms as a weakened or dead state to the body. By this way, it is aimed to activate the immune system in our body. Uptill now, several vaccines of many important diseases (hepatitis B, haemophilus influenza type b, conjugated pneumococcal, hepatitis A, chickenpox, pemphigus, diphtheria, tetanus, measles, rubella, mumps, tuberculosis) have been applied within politics of World Health Organization (WHO) in many countries. In parallel with WHO, Turkey has started “Extended Immunization Program” too. Due to vaccination policy of Turkish government, the vaccination speed has reached 97% in 2015. Furthermore it has been updating according to different public events such as pilgrimage, tourism and refugees from different countries. Recently, it has been speculated that vaccines can cause otism, attention disorder, hyperactivity, neurological diseases, inflammatory intestine disease and some immune system disease. And these claims provoke the anti-vaccination campaigns. Whereas, there is still an uncertainty due to contradictory data about this speculation. In conclusion, vaccine, importance of vaccination and anti-vaccination campaigns were discussed in this review.
