International Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research
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Öğe Views of Healthcare Professionals to Traditional and Complementary Medicine(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2021) Porsuk, Ahmet Önder; Cerit, ÇiğdemObjective: Although its roots go back centuries, there is still a demand for traditional medicine practices and it is important to know the opinion of the society and healthcare professionals about the subject. Our study aims to determine the attitudes of healthcare professional and non-healthcare hospital staff about traditional medicine.Material-Method: A two-stage questionnaire, a demographic information section, and the Complementary, Alternative, and Conventional Medicine Attitudes Scale (CACMAS) was used to collect the data. Descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov Smirnov, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis and chi-square tests were used to analyze the data.Results: A total of 681 staff of nine public and private hospitals participated in the study. 65.4% (n=439) of the participants were healthcare professionals, 34.6% (n=232) were non-healthcare professionals. The mean scores of the healthcare professional respondents were 92.6 (±16.7), of the non-healthcare professional respondents were 126.1 (±11.7).Conclusion: In our study, it was found that healthcare professionals' attitudes towards traditional medicine practices were more negative than non-healthcare professionals. However, as according to the current legislation in many countries around the world, only physicians who receive standard training and other healthcare professionals under their supervision are authorized to perform traditional medicine practices in Turkey. As a result of our study, it was determined that the attitudes of healthcare professionals and other segments of the society should be observed about traditional medicine practices and that measures should be taken to bring together the supply and demand for traditional medicine on a legal basis.Öğe Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Apple Farmers in Türkiye: Prevalence and Risk Factors’(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2023) Aydın Yağcıoğlu, Güllü; Çulal Kılıç, HandanObjective: The strenuous nature of apple growing can be the cause of a number of physical problems. This study was conducted to identify the prevalence of Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) and ergonomic risks among apple farmers in Turkey.Material-Method: Data on WRMSDs were obtained from the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire Extended Version (NMQ-E), while risk factors were collected using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). Prevalences were established by frequency analysis.The relationships between WRMSD of 9 body regions and age, weight, working hours (per day/per week), working experience and RULA score were analysed.Results: A total of 51 volunteers participated in the study including 42 males and 9 females. The kness (53.8%) were most commonly reported WRMSDs, followed by the neck (46.2%), lower back (44.2%), and shoulders (38.5%) over a lifetime. The participants were working in a medium (40.4%) and high (42.3%) risk posture according to the RULA assessment. Age, weight, working hours (per day/per week), working experience and RULA were associated with WRMSDs in one or more body regions (pÖğe Use of Aromatherapy in Diabetes Management(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2021) Can Çiçek, Saadet; Gençer Şendur, ElifDiabetes has become a global health issue on a worldwide scale in our present day. In addition to long-term treatment, diabetes is a chronic disease with the participation of individuals in the disease and treatment processes, the self-care and self-efficacy of individuals. Individuals include complementary and supportive practices, along with medical treatments such as medication, nutrition and exercise, into disease management processes. Complementary and supportive practices are among the practices frequently preferred by individuals in the management of chronic diseases. Complementary and supportive practices are preferred due to the side effects of the treatment protocols used in diabetes, which is one of the common chronic diseases, problems in the process of adherence with drug treatment and the need for long-term medical treatment, as well as the cost-effectiveness of complementary and supportive applications, easy accessibility and applicability. Aromatherapy, which is one of these practices, is preferred because it is effective, reliable, and can be easily applied by the patient. Aromatherapy is known as the use of essential oils obtained from plants for therapeutic purposes. Although aromatherapy has different methods of application, inhalation and massage often come to the fore. Positive effects of the application on anxiety, fatigue, sleep problems, and neuropathic pain were reported as a result of many studies. In line with the results of the study, it should be supported with more sample groups and randomized controlled studies in this field. This review was planned to emphasize aromatherapy usage areas, methods of application, and their effectiveness in diabetes management.Öğe Toxicological Investigation of Aqueous extract of Ziziphus mauritiana Leaves on Wistar Rats(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2022) Owolarafe, Tajudeen; Ihegboro, Godwin; Salawu, Kailani; Ononamadu, Chimaobi; Fadılu, Mujıburrahman; Musa, BashirObjective: Plant parts have been useful for food and remedies to various disease conditions for man long ago, but few have been studied for their toxicological effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical constituents and toxicological impacts of aqueous extract (AqE) Ziziphus mauritiana leaves on Wistar rats.Material-Method: The plant material was identified and authenticated at the harberium of Bayero University Kano and extraction were carried out by maceration. Phytochemical screening was carried-out using standard methods while administration of the extract was orally. Liver and kidney functional parameters were evaluated using standard kits and the histopathological evaluation were carried out according to the standard method.Results: Qualitative phytoconstituents screening revealed the presence of all Alkaloids, Saponin. Glycosides, tannin, flavonoids and others except anthraquinones while the quantitative screen showed phenol having the highest concentration while alkaloids have the lowest concentration. Acute toxicity revealed that the extract is non-toxic with LD50 above 5000 mg/kg body weight (BW), while subchronic toxicological evaluation revealed no significant adverse effect on all haematological parameters except WBC while the liver function parameters revealed an increase in serum GGT activity at 400 mg/kg body weight and the kidney function parameters showed alteration in serum creatinine, sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate concentrations. Significant effects on liver/body weight ratio at 400 and 1000 mg/kg BW was observed. Histoarchitectural alteration was observed in liver and kidney histopathological evaluation.Conclusion: The observation from this research indicates that prolonged administration of this extract may lead the severe adverse effects on the biological system.Öğe Use of Macrofungi in Traditional and Complementary Medicine Practices: Mycotherapy(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2020) Erol, Selime Semra; Akata, İlgaz; Kaya, ErtuğrulModern people have increased their living standards due to the development of technology. However, health problems have increased with increasing living standards. Efforts to return to nature and natural products such as herbal drugs, medicinal mushrooms and traditional medicine practices have become popular. Medical mushrooms, which have an important place for human beings at every stage of history; in recent years, has succeeded to take its place from traditional medicine applications by separating itself from phytotherapy applications. The aim of our research is to raise awareness about this value, which is present in our country, which has a rich mycota, and to make determinations regarding its usage areas in the world and its importance in the history. Our study could be regarded as a resource for the practices and future studies in our country.Öğe Toxicological Evaluation of Aqueous Stem Bark Extract of Guiera senegalensis on Wistar Rats(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2022) Ahmed, Maryam Usman; Titus, Diowato; Umaru, Isaac JohnObjective: Global herbal products howbeit have enormous potential as natural drugs and are of vast commercial significance, are often processed and procured without being scientifically evaluated for their toxicity. This study evaluated the toxicological effects of Guiera senegalensis on wistar rats. Method: An acute toxicity was carried out to determine the LD50 of Guiera senegalensis stem bark extract. Sub-acute toxicity was carried out to determine the effect of the plant extract on some liver and kidney function parameters and haematological parameters. Twenty (20) rats were ramdomly placed into 4 groups of 5 rats. Group 2, 3 and 4 were orally treated with aqueous stem bark extract of Guiera senegalensis at a daily dose of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.) respectively for 28 days while group 1 served as a control group. Results: ALT, AST, ALP and bilirubin levels increased significantly as dose increases. No significant increase in K+ and urea was observed in group 2 and 3 treated with 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg respectively. However, significant increase was observed in group 4 treated with 800 mg/kg. Na+ and Creatinine showed significant increase when compared with control group. RBC, PCV, and Hb decreased significantly whereas a significant increase was observed in WBC with increase in dose respectively. Conclusion: The aqueous stem bark extract of Guiera senegalensis have a dose-dependent toxic effect on liver, kidney and haematology of wistar rats.Key words: Toxicological Evaluation, Guiera Senegalensis, Liver, Kidney, Haematological parametersÖğe The Use of Natural Preservative Propolis and Hypericum perforatum Oil in Herbal Cream Production(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2021) Aydın, Gülşah; Şirin, Neslihan; Kekeçoğlu, Meral; Türken, Tuğba; Sipahi, Nisa; Göksu, HaydarObjective: Consumers' preference for products produced with natural additives has accelerated the search for natural substances that are alternative to synthetic materials in cosmetics and food production. The aim of the study is to obtain a herbal cream by using the natural preservative effect of propolis and the moisturizing effect of St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) fixed oil of Hypericum perforatum plant which grows naturally in our country.Material-Method: The chemical content of the obtained propolis ethanolic extract was determined by LC-MS/MS analysis. Hypericum perforatum fixed oil was obtained by maceration and the chemical content of the oil was determined by GC-MS analysis. Herbal cream was prepared using PEG400 to facilitate dispersion of Hypericum perforatum oil and propolis extract obtained in water-based cream formulations and to provide a creamy consistency. Microbiological stability tests were carried out with reference to ISO21149, ISO16212, ISO18416, ISO22717 and ISO21150 standards and ISO11930: 2012 standard for challenge test (preservative efficacy tests).Results: The total phenolic content of propolis ethanol extract was determined as 66.096 ± 1.546 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) / mL sample, dry weight and flavonoid content as 13.375 ± 0.185 quercetin equivalent (QE) / mL sample. An extract rich in phenolic components such as quercetin, p-coumaric acid, feluric acid, trans-cinnamic acid, benzoic acid was obtained. Component analysis showed that propolis ethanolic extract could show preservative efficiency. The presence in the GC-MS analysis of Hypericum perforatum oil that it contains fatty acids widely used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry clearly demonstrated that the oil can be used safely in cream formulations.Conclusion: The test results of the creams prepared using Hypericum perforatum and propolis clearly revealed that the obtained propolis extract provided protective efficacy. The thickener property of PEG400, which is used to ensure homogeneous distribution, reduced the need for an extra thickener additive.Öğe Traditional and Complementary Medicine According to Physicians in A Tertiary Hospital in Turkey: A Cross-Sectional Study(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2024) Başdaş, Firdevs; Çom Aybal, Nilay; Erdem, Feyzanur; Gunher Arıca, SeçilObjective: This study aims to assess the use of Traditional and Complementary Medicine (CAM) practices and the attitudes and behaviors of physicians working in the health sector about CAM.Method: Our study was planned as a cross-sectional observational study. The questionnaire created by the researchers was applied to the physicians working in our hospital with the facilitated sampling method by face-to-face interview method after filling out the informed consent form. The data were evaluated with SPSS program.Results: A total of 236 physicians participated in the study and the mean working year of the physicians was found to be 6.4±7.05. 26.3% of the participants had a GETAT certificate approved by the ministry and the most common certificates were cupping and cupping therapy certificates. Slightly more than half of the physicians (54.7%) stated that they recommend GETAT methods to their patients. While 50.4% of physicians stated that there is not enough scientific evidence on GETAT, 19.5% stated that GETAT methods should only be used as a last resort when modern medicine cannot offer a solution. There was a statistically significant correlation between having a ministry-approved GETAT course certificate and the participants' age and length of practice (pÖğe The Medicinal Plants Traditionally Used Against Cardiovascular Diseases In Türkiye(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2023) Güleç, Meltem; Erarslan, Zeynep Büşra; Kültür, ŞükranSince time immemorial humankind benefits from plants as nutritient, medicine, cosmetic or to make tools and shelters for itself. Through history, traditional knowledge was gathered by trial-and-error method, practices were developed and sustained. It has been passed on from generation to generation to reach our day. This study aims to gather information on medicinal plants used traditionally against cardiovascular diseases in Turkey before it is lost forever. The library of Istanbul University being in the first place, the approachable sources has been scanned throughly. Plants’ scientific name, Turkish name, family, used parts, method of uses and the effects has been put together in a table. As a result, we composed a report of 129 plants of 43 families used for cardiovascular diseases. It has been concluded that of these, the most outstanding herbs are Crataegus monogyna Jacq., Lavandula stoechas L., Melissa officinalis L., Tribulus terrestris L., Urtica dioica L. and Viscum album L. Rosaceae, Lamiaceae and Asteraceae were the most used plant families. It has been detected that the people mostly benefit from the the leaves, aerial parts, fruit and flowers of medicinal plants as infusion or decoction. Although the biological activity studies on the plants most used by the people support the use in cardiovascular diseases, more studies are needed to provide scientific evidence to folklore use, especially for L. stoechas. It is thought that this study may be a resource for the development of future herbal medicines or treatments.Öğe Usefulness of Homoeopathic Medicine in Oppositional Defiant Disorder(ODD):A Case Report(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2022) Moorthı, S Karunakara; P, RadhikaOppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is a disruptive behavioural disorder in which a child displays a pattern of an angry mood, defiant or combative behaviour, and vindictiveness toward people in authority. The child's behaviour often disrupts their daily routine, including activities within the family and at school. An 18-year-old male reported in the Out Patient Department with symptoms of anger and vindictiveness. The consultant psychiatrist diagnosed it as a case of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Disruptive Behaviour Disorder Rating Scale (DBDRS) – ODD items was used to assess the severity of the disease. Modified Naranjo Criteria was used to assess whether the changes were likely to be associated with the homoeopathic intervention. Overall improvement was noticed clinically. DBDRS score was 22 at the time of admission. Sepia 200 was selected as the individualized homeopathic medicine. His symptoms got improved and he was discharged. DBDRS score was reduced to 0 at the end of 16 months. Individualized homoeopathic treatment has shown a positive role for the management and treatment of disruptive behavioural disorder.Öğe Traditional Chinese Medicine : The Effect on the Human Therapy(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2021) El Dhaybi, MohamadTraditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an ancient system of health that has been used in China for thousands of years. TCM has played an essential role for treating disease and to enhance human health. This Traditional Medicine used 2500 years ago is based on some ancestral concepts and many medical approaches. In this review, I aim firstly to show you an overview about the history of Chinese medicine. In the second part, I Will focus to present a few pillars which influence on the human therapy and still used in clinical today to treat modern diseases.Öğe Turkey's First Traditional and Complementary Medicine Student Community(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2021) Nurullazade, YasharAbstractAs known; In Turkey, Traditional and Complementary Medicine Practices are continuing to build the infrastructure based on evidence under the control of the Ministry of Health.Following these processes, it was realized that there was a need for a formal student organization that would accurately convey the important steps and developments taken to health students. Due to this need, the necessary step was taken in Düzce University Faculty of Medicine.The purpose of this article is; health is to introduce students to the process of integration and providing medical training GETAT first year student community in the area of Turkey, which aims to create awareness starting from the GETAT and purpose.Öğe University Students' Attitudes Towards Traditional and Complementary Medicine Practices(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2024) Uluğ, Merve Ebrar; Sarıyıldız, Abdurrahman Yunus; Kalender, Selin; Metin, AslıObjective= This study investigates how university students, a well-educated segment of society, perceive traditional and complementary medicine (T CM) practices and their level of healthy lifestyle skills, and how they are related. It also aims to determine whether students' healthy living skills influence their attitudes towards T CM practices. Methods= This descriptive and cross-sectional study focused on students enrolled in three state universities. A total of 362 student datasets were analyzed. Data were gathered through an online questionnaire comprising inquiries related to students' sociodemographic features, their familiarity with T CM, the T CM attitude scale, and the scale assessing their healthy living skills. Results= The study's findings, the correlation coefficient between the total scores of the students from the T CM Attitude Scale (114.80±17.95) and the Healthy Living Skills Scale (64.29±8.79) was calculated as r=0.127. There was a positive, statistically significant (pÖğe Treatment of Medical Therapy-Resistant Vestibular Migraine with Cranial Osteopathy: A Case Report(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2021) Kaplan, Seyhmus; Cetin, Yaser SaidVestibular migraine is a variant of migraine with episodic vestibular symptoms. Diagnostic criteria were determined in 2012 and the term vestibular migraine was used. Lifetime prevalence in adults is calculated as 1%. The time between the onset of migraine and the onset of vestibular attacks varies among patients. In many patients, migrainous headaches begin before vestibular attacks. Sometimes vestibular attacks can begin years before migraine headaches occur. Vestibular symptoms and attack durations may vary between patients and in different episodes of the same patient. Today, drugs used in the treatment of migraine are generally used in the treatment of vestibular migraine. However, these drugs can sometimes be ineffective or provide short-term improvement. This situation requires -especially for these patients- a treatment scheme that includes different type of holistic medicine approach. In this case report, a vestibular migraine patient who was resistant to medical migraine treatment and was treated with osteopathic treatment method will be discussed.Öğe The Profile of the Patients Who Consulted to the Conventional and Complementary Medical Centre in Duzce University(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2020) Güney, Nagihan; Kaya, Ertuğrul; Sönmez, Cemil IşıkObjective: This paper investigates the consulting reasons of the patients, the applied cures to them and also the demographic features (age, gender) of the patients who consulted to the Centre of Conventional and Complementary Medicine, Duzce.Material-Method: In this paper the patients who consulted to the related centre between the dates 15.05.2019-15.05.2020 were analysed in a retrospective way. The ages, genders, date of consultation, complaints and results of the applied practice were obtained and discussed. Results: During our researches, when looked over the range of gender, it is stated that 39,8 % of 860 patients were male and 60,1 % were female. If we consider the range of age, it is seen that the most crowded group ranges between 30-49 ages with a percentage of 45%. This group is respectively followed by the ones between 50-65 with a percentage of 39 % and the ones over 65 as 10 %, 18-29 ages (4%), 0-17 ages (2 %). If we consider the range of the patients according to the applied cures, we see that the most common practice is ozone therapy as 42%. It is respectively followed by cupping therapy as 19%, mesotherapy as 15%, acupuncture as 11%, hirudothearpy as 10%, hypnotherapy as 2% and lastly the apitherapy as 0,4%. Conclusion: Consequently, it is obvious that the use of conventional and complementary medicine is more common among females than males and it is preferred more when the age gets older. Also, it is preferredÖğe Traditional Baby Care Practices in Artvin, Turkey(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2020) Kanbur, Esra; Şentürk, Betül; Çınar, Sevil; Kanbay, YalçinObjective: This descriptive study was planned to examine mothers’ traditional practices in baby care.Material-Method: The study sample consisted of 172 mothers whose babies were treated in the neonatal unit or pediatric ward of a hospital. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with mothers using "Sociodemographic characteristics form", "Traditional practices form" and "Care practices form". Results: Mean age of the included mothers was 29.4±0.4 years and first pregnancy mean age was 23.9±0.3 years. Mean number of pregnancies was 2.4±0.1. Mean number of children was 2.1±0.1. Common traditional baby care practices include “forty days” or “half-forty days” ritual (the mother and the neonate bathing together as a ritual on the 20th day or 40th day after birth, with a view to protect the baby from diseases), swaddling, “crowding” (a sudden surprise visit of a crowd of relatives to baby’s house in case the baby cannot stand upright or raise her head as expected, at a certain stage of development), using cheesecloth wraps over the baby’s head to protect the newborn from jaundice, giving blessed sugar as the first food, waiting for the Azan (call to prayer) before breastfeeding. Education status, working status, income level and residence of the mother were not effective in practicing neonatal traditions. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it was recommended to conduct larger scale and repetitive studies on this topic, in order to clarify the underlying reasons for mothers to adopt and implement such traditional baby care practices.Öğe Use of Sunflower Seed Lecithin as an Emulsifier in Herbal Cream Preparation(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2020) Türken, Tuğba; Karadeniz, Beste; Şirin, Neslihan; Aydın, Gülşah; Göksu, HaydarObjective: Lecithin is a commercially used emulsifier. Generally, lecithin used in foodstuffs is obtained from soybean oil. In recent years, lecithin obtained from sunflower seeds is also used as an emulsifier in the food industry. In this study, the use of lecithin obtained from sunflower seeds was carried out in the cosmetics industry.Material-Method: Considering the widespread production of sunflower oil, together with lecithin obtained from this source the aim of this study is a)To produce a cream containing sunflower lecithin and St. John’s Wort oil b)It was aimed to bring a new product to the market by performing microbiological tests of the produced cream. Lecithin can be separated from crude oil by the method of hydration. Also antimicrobial efficacy test, after the artificial contamination created on the sample, the logarithmic calculation of the number of viable microorganisms remaining in the product is performed on the 7th, 14th and 28th days and the antimicrobial effectiveness of the sample is determined. Check whether cosmetic products or raw materials cause irritation in the skin dermatological analysis was made by accredited laboratories.Results: Dermatological, antimicrobial and microbiological tests of the herbal cream that we produce have been tested and its reliability and authenticity have been proved. As a result of the evaluations and calculations made at the end of the 72 th hour, it was evaluated as "not an irritant/not a cause of irritation" dermatologically. According to the results of the antimicrobial analysis, the sample was determined to be protected against microbial growth.Conclusion: A commercial emulsifier was used in the herbal cream formulation with St. John's Wort, which was previously developed by our group. In this study, lecithin obtained from sunflower seeds was used instead of commercial emulsifiers. The dermatological tests and the antimicrobial efficacy tests of the obtained herbal cream were carried out in accredited laboratories. It has been proven by tests that the resulting cream formulation meets the necessary criteria.Öğe Use Of Natural And Traditional Medicine In Cuba: Results From The National Health Survey 2018-2019.(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2024) Perdomo- Delgado, Johann; Varona Pérez, Patricia; Suárez- Medina, Ramón; Gonzalez- Pla, Evelyn Anie; Gamez- Sanchez, DoneliaObjective: To analyze the prevalence of Natural and Traditional Medicine (NTM) use in the last 12 months as per as the report from the National Health Survey (NHS), Cuba 2018-2019. Material-Method: It was an observational, descriptive cross-sectional study that was part of the referred NHS. Socio-demographic characteristics of the survey respondents were collected (living area, gender, age, skin color, marital status, educational level and occupation). The main variable selected for this study was the prevalence of NTM use by the Cuban population in the previous 12 months. Results: More than one out of five Cubans used NTM therapies in the previous 12 months to the NHS, Cuba 2018-2019, with a higher prevalence of use by people living in rural areas, females, the age group of 65-74 years old, a co-habited marital status, university educational level and those in retirement. Phytotherapy was the most reported NTM therapy.Conclusion: This study analyzed for the first time the prevalence of NTM use by the Cuban population. It demonstrated that more than one out of five Cubans used NTM therapies in the previous 12 months to the NHS, Cuba 2018-2019. The characteristics of the CNHS ensure the conditions to facilitate the development of NTM and the information from this study would contribute to strengthen the integration of these treatments with conventional medicine in Cuba.Öğe The Examination of the Use of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Practices by Turkish Citizens and Syrians Under Temporary Protection(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2022) Kaya, Ferit; Polat, Cahit; Ademoğlu, Birsen; Bakirhan, Furkan; Kantarcıoğlu, Abdulkadir; Gürgöze, Ramazan; Orak, YavuzAs of the mid-twentieth century, rapid advances in disease diagnosis and treatment had increased the use of complementary and alternative therapies.Material and Method: This study was conducted among Syrians under temporary protection aged 18 and over and Turkish citizens in the province of Elazig, located in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. The number of people to be sampled was calculated as 295. The study included the same number of Turkish citizens as the control group. Results: Participants learned about Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Applications most frequently from family. The first three methods mostly used by Syrians under temporary protection were the use of herbal products with 93.9%, bloodletting therapy and cupping therapy with 46.8%. Among Turkish citizens, the first three mostly used methods were the use of herbal products with 88.1%, cupping therapy with 13.6%, and bloodletting therapy with 10.5%. While 98.0% of Turkish individuals reported experiencing side effects from traditional complementary medicine practices, 46.1% of Syrians under temporary protection reported experiencing side effects. Conclusion: Participants learned about Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Practices most frequently from family members. Access to information on this subject should be facilitated. Awareness-raising studies should be carried out, especially in the use of herbal products.Öğe The Effect Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Interest In Supplemental Food In Turkey: A Google Trends Analysis Study(Düzce Üniversitesi, 2024) Davarcı, Pınar Zehra; Çağlayan, Miraç; Ekuklu, GalipObjective: The aim of this study is to determine the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on consumers' interest in dietary supplements in Turkey using Google Trends analysis.Methods: Search volumes of 30 selected search terms were evaluated on Google Trends between 18.03.2018 and 15.03.2022.Results: Among the search terms during the study period, the term with the highest search volume was vitamin B12. Search volumes for biotin, probiotics, folic acid, calcium, magnesium, iron, prebiotics, fish oil, collagen, vitamin A, multivitamins, vitamin E, lipoic acid, zinc, glutathione, selenium, vitamin C, vitamin D, iodine, melatonin, propolis, vitamin K, bromelain, and curcumin were found to be statistically significantly higher after the declaration of the Covid-19 pandemic (p
