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Öğe Fracture energy and mechanical characteristics of self-compacting concretes including waste bladder tyre(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2017) Bideci, Alper; Öztürk, Hakan; Bideci, Özlem Sallı; Emiroğlu, MehmetManagement of solid wastes is one of the most important environmental problems in the world. Waste tyres are also one of these solid wastes. The growing number of waste tyres that are stocked every year brings problems in respect of human health, environmental pollution, and also causes esthetical problems. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of waste tyre addition on self compacting concretes' mechanical characteristics and fracture properties under bending. In this study, waste bladder tyres (RA) mechanically cut in 25, 50 and 75 mm lengths were used by volumetric replacement of coarse aggregates in self-compacting concretes (SCC). Unit weight, flow, J-ring, column segregation, water absorption, 28 days of compressive strength, ultrasound pulse velocity and fracture energy tests were applied on concretes obtained by replacement of coarse aggregates in 5%, 10% and 15% ratios by volume. Also, Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM) and Energy Distribution Spectroscopy (EDS) analyses of the samples were examined. In the study, it was determined that RA replacement decreases unit weight of fresh concrete; when RA length ratio increases, it becomes difficult for the concrete to pass through reinforcement openings; in hardened concrete samples dry unit weight decreases; 10% fibre addition increases compressive strength values; after the ultrasonic pulse velocity measurement, the concretes are included in "good" quality concrete classifications. As a conclusion, it was determined that 25 mm long 10% rubber aggregate replacement to self-compacting concretes can give optimum results. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Effect of Styrene Butadiene Copolymer (SBR) admixture on high strength concrete(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2016) Doğan, Murat; Bideci, AlperCurrently, the concrete quality increases with improving technologies. High strength concrete (HSC) is a special kind of concrete produced in high fluidity by using chemical admixtures (plasticisers). In this study, for high strength concretes produced in C50/C60 designs, Styrene Butadiene Copolymer (SBR) in different weight ratios such as Control (0%), 1%, 3%, 5% and 8% was used instead of cement, and also strength properties of SBR were examined. For this aim, unit weight, water absorption ratio, compressive strength for 3, 7 and 28 days, splitting tensile strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity and frost resistance tests were applied. Also, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) and EDS analysis of samples were examined. As a result of the study, it is determined that concrete samples with 1% SBR admixture have higher values and contributions to strength. (c) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe DIRECTIONAL-DEFORMATION ANALYSIS OF CYLINDRICAL STEEL WATER TANKS SUBJECTED TO EL-CENTRO EARTHQUAKE LOADING(Yildiz Technical Univ, 2018) Çelik, Ali Ihsan; Köse, Mehmet Metin; Akgül, Tahir; Alpay, Ahmet CelalCylindrical steel storage tanks are widely used for the storage of various liquids, industrial chemicals and firefighting waters. They have been used for cooling purposes in nuclear power plants in recent years. Liquid-storage tanks have many different configurations; however, in this study, cylindrical ground-supported liquid steel tanks were preferred due to their simplicity design and performance of resistances against seismic loads, when compared with other configurations. Earthquakes are a natural occurrence and are unpredictable and complex; thus, the steel storage liquid tanks are expected to withstand earthquake-related loads. These tanks may be exposed to some damages such as elephant-foot buckling, diamond-shape buckling, overturning and uplifting during earthquakes. They can also cause great financial and environmental damage with their hazardous chemical contents. Dimensions of cylindrical open-top, flat-closed and torispherical-closed-top tanks were determined for 3D-finite element method (FEM) models in an ANSYS workbench software. This article focuses on the seismic-activity-resistant ground-supported cylindrical (vertical) steel storage liquid tanks. Seismic analyses were conducted under El-Centro earthquake loads. Directional deformation, equivalent stress and acceleration results were presented for both impulsive and convective regions. In this study, directional deformations of the tanks with the same diameter and three different roofs (open-top, flat-closed and torispherical-closed) were compared after the seismic analysis. The results show that if the cylindrical steel water tank roof is closed in a torispherical dome shaped, the directional deformation will decrease. Hence, torispherial roof shape of tank is recommended.Öğe The effect of high temperature on lightweight concretes produced with colemanite coated pumice aggregates(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2016) Bideci, Özlem SallıConcrete is a non-combustible material. But it is known to have serious changes in its physical, chemical and mechanical properties when exposed to high temperatures. In this study, the surface of large pumice aggregate was coated with cement + colemanite (CLM) dual mixtures (0%, 7.5%, 12.5% and 17.5%). Lightweight concretes were produced by using coated aggregates. Then by exposing to temperatures at 20 degrees C (Control), 200 degrees C, 400 degrees C and 600 degrees C, the unit weight, compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity and weight loss of concrete samples were determined. Also, in order to identify the internal structural properties of the samples, DTA-TGA and SEM-EDS analysis were performed. As a result of the study, the optimum value was obtained from 12.5-CLM samples. It is determined that the lightweight concretes that would be produced with pumice aggregates coated with cement + colemanite dual mixture would have a high performance against high temperature. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Polymer coated pumice aggregates and their properties(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2014) Bideci, Özlem Sallı; Bideci, Alper; Gültekin, Ali Haydar; Oymael, Sabit; Yıldırım, HasanPumices which are preferred due to their properties such as low unit weight, heat insulation property, resistance against fire were combined with polymer, the material of our age, to produce light concrete aggregate. In the study, pumice aggregate was coated by some polymers which are used for various purposes (Sonomeric1: SNMC, KBPur 214: KBP and Polipol3455: PLP) and the inner-structure examinations of the obtained aggregates was made by microscope and also specific weight, loose unit weight and water absorption experiments were applied. At the end of the study, the properties of pumice aggregates having high water absorption capability were developed and light aggregate production was realized. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Physical Characteristics of Rubberized Concrete Including Granulated Waste Tire Aggregate(Gazi Univ, 2017) Bideci, Özlem Sallı; Saka, Rasim Cem; Bideci, AlperEvery year hundreds of millions of tyres come out as waste because they fill their service period and this situation causes global problems in respect of health and environment. Today, as the natural building sand became a limited and costly material, and fine aggregate is more economical and sustainable, this lead to the usage of fine aggregate in concrete technology. In this study, rubber granule aggregate (CRA) obtained from waste tyres with 0% (control), 5%, 10% and 15% ratios by weight was replaced with the amount of fine aggregate which remains at 1-2 mm sieve opening, and mechanical and morphological properties of the samples were investigated. For this purpose, unit weight, water absorption, compressive strength for 3,7 and 28 days, freezing-thawing (100 cycles) and ultrasonic pulse tests of concrete samples were performed. Also, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) images and EDS (Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) spectrum analyses of samples were examined. As a result of the study, it was determined that the sample containing CRA with 5% ratio gave more suitable results than the other samples.Öğe Permeability features of concretes produced with aggregates coated with colemanite(Techno-Press, 2015) Bideci, Özlem Sallı; Bideci, Alper; Oymael, Sabit; Gültekin, Ali Haydar; Yıldırım, HasanIn the world total boron reserve rating, Turkey is taken place on the first rank, meeting the demand of refined mineral and main boron chemicals. Development of the new boron products and production technologies, spreading the using area of the boron are the study topics which must be finically discussed. In this study, with the help of colemanite taken in ratio as (0%, 7.5%, 12.5%, and 17.5%) by being mixed by the cement, surfaces of the pumice aggregates have been covered. Permeability of the samples has been investigated by producing lightweight concrete with 400 dose with the help of aggregates covered with colemanite. For this, the experiments of water absorption, capillary water absorption, depth of penetration of water under pressure and rapid chloride permeability have been performed. In addition, analyses of the thin section of covered and uncovered pumice aggregates and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) have been investigated. When the control samples produced with the covered aggregates and concretes produced with colemanite covered aggregates are compared each other, it has been determined that special lightweight concretes whose values of capillary water absorption experiment, depth of penetration of water under pressure experiment and rapid chloride permeability are low can be produced.Öğe Lightweight aggregates coated with colemanite(Techno-Press, 2017) Bideci, Alper; Bideci, Özlem Sallı; Oymael, Sabit; Gültekin, Ali Haydar; Yıldırım, HasanTechnological advancements in the field of building materials are achieved day by day. In this study, a new lightweight concrete aggregate is produced by mixing certain rates of colemanite (0%, 7.5%, 12.5%, 17.5%), cement and coating the surface of pumice aggregate with this mixture. Thin aggregate sections are analyzed with specific gravity, unit weight, water absorption, impact, and crushing experiments. In this way, the production of cement and cement+colemanite coated lightweight concrete aggregates is investigated and an opinion on the likely behavior of these concrete types is provided.Öğe Investigation and modelling the effects of water proofing and water repellent admixtures dosage on the permeability and compressive strengths of concrete(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2016) Apay, Ahmet Celal; Özgan, Ercan; Turgay, Tahsin; Akyol, KevserIn this study, structural waterproofing products, structural water insulation applications and effects of waterproofing admixtures on the concrete were experimentally investigated. Different dosages in the concrete mixture (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%) were used to determine the effect of the chemical additive on the permeability of the concrete and the compressive strength the chemical additives. Maximum particle diameter of the aggregate used in the concrete mixture was selected 32 mm accordance to the Turkish Standard 802 "Design of concrete mixes" (TS 802) [1]. The selected aggregate granulometry of concrete mixture is located in B32 section of this granulometry curve and by using PC 42.5 cement, 320 kg/m(3) dosage concretes were produced in laboratory by adding four different kinds of aggregates. The compressive strength and permeability of the hardened concrete samples were measured after 14 days. The measured results showed that while maximum compressive strength were measured as 36.1 N/mm(2) on the concrete samples prepared with 2% chemical additive the minimum water absorption were measured as 4% on the same samples. However, while minimum compressive strength were measured as 28.5 N/mm(2) on the concrete samples prepared with 0% (Reference samples) chemical additives the maximum water absorption were measured as 5.9% on the same samples. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine the relationship between experimental parameters on the compressive strength and water absorption of the hardened concrete samples. By using Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) prediction models were developed based on the experimental inputs to predict the compressive strength and water absorption of the hardened concrete samples. The results showed that both statistical and ANFIS methods' results have perfect match with experimental results. The prediction models can be used to predict the compressive strength and water absorption of concrete samples for known and unknown experimental inputs values. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Internal structure examination of lightweight concrete produced with polymer-coated pumice aggregate(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2013) Bideci, Alper; Gültekin, Ali Haydar; Yıldırım, Hasan; Oymael, Sabit; Bideci, Özlem SallıIn the construction sector, pumice is observed to be used in both structural and non-structural building elements. In this study, to produce a new kind of concrete, the aggregates are coated with three different polymers (Sonomeric1 : SNMC, KB Pur 214: KBP and Polipol3455: PLP) that have multiple uses. The mineralogical-petrographical features of both polymer-coated and uncoated aggregates were examined, and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) and XRD (X-ray Diffraction) analyses were performed. Moreover, in the study, lightweight concrete elements with different dosages (300, 400 and 500) were produced by using polymer-coated and uncoated aggregates; and their internal structure examinations were performed and compressive strength values of 3, 7 and 28 days samples were investigated. As a conclusion; among the aggregate samples, it was determined that PLP-coated aggregates have a more porous structure than the other polymer-coated aggregates and KBP-coated aggregates could be used in lightweight concrete (500 dosage) production. It was also concluded that the compressive strength values of lightweight concrete elements produced with coated samples increased even more. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Analysis of shrinkage and creep behaviors in polymer-coated lightweight concretes(Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2016) Bideci, Alper; Bideci, Özlem Sallı; Oymael, Sabit; Yıldırım, HasanThe creep and shrinkage properties of polymer-coated lightweight concretes were examined. Five-hundred-dose lightweight concretes were produced by coating pumice aggregates with three different polymers (Sonomeric1: SNMC, KB Pur 214: KBP, and Polipol3455: PLP). The 3-, 7-, and 28-day compressive strength values of the obtained lightweight concrete samples were determined, and the 840-h and 12-month creep and shrinkage deformations were measured. It was found that the ductility of the SNMC- and KBP-coated concrete samples increased, while their shrinkage deformation results decreased when compared with the control samples. In contrast, the ductility of PLP concrete samples decreased and the shrinkage deformation became higher. In conclusion, the use of SNMC- and KBP-coated pumice aggregates had a positive effect on the creep and shrinkage properties of the concrete. Furthermore, it was observed that the compressive strength values of the lightweight concretes made of the coated samples were higher than those of the control sample.Öğe A methodological framework for defining 'typological process': the transformation of the residential environment in Ankara, Turkey(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2019) Gökçe, Duygu; Chen, FeiThis paper investigates 'typological process', a key term in urban morphology due to its benefit to culturally-responsive urban design and place-making. The empirical identification of typological process is problematic because of researchers' subjectivity in identifying changes, and the randomness of their selection of spatial characteristics in defining types. The paper demonstrates a method for defining and analyzing typological process in the transformation process of the residential environment in Ankara since the late nineteenth century. Three degrees of transformation are identified: continuity, partial continuity and mutation. The proposed method improves consistency and objectivity in the empirical validation of typological process.Öğe Taraklı’daki Sivil Mimarlık Örnekleri ile Ali Pektaş Evi’nin Restorasyonu(2019) Apay, Ahmet Celal; Önür, Özlem Özkan; Bideci, AlperGeçmişimizden bize emanet edilen, günümüzde ise gelecek kuşaklarımıza bırakma borcumuz olan mimari eserleriaraştırmak, onları yaşatmak hepimizin görevidir. Restorasyon konusunda çeşitli örnek mimari yapıları bulunanTaraklı geçmişten günümüze kadar gelen, Osmanlı mimarisine ait örnekleriyle kültürel mirasımızın var olduğuönemli bir yerleşim birimidir. Taraklı’nın sahip olduğu anıtsal ve sivil yapıların etkin bir restorasyonu için fizikselyapısı, tarihsel mimari değerleri ve çevresiyle ile birlikte ele alınıp incelenmiştir. Ali Pektaş Evi’nin rölöve analizçalışmaları yapılarak restitüsyon önerisi doğrultusunda restorasyon çalışmaları proje ve resimlerle desteklenmiş,uygulama aşamasında uygulanan tekniklerle birlikte yapının özgünlüğü bozulmadan gerekli denetim altındakontrolleri yapılarak çalışmalar tamamlanmıştır.Öğe Çelik Çapraz Elemanların Elastik Ötesi Burkulma Davranışlarının Modelleme Yaklaşımları ile İncelenmesi(2018) Polat, A. HakanÇelik taşıyıcı yapısal sistemlerinin yatay yükler altında enerji tüketmesi ve bu yükler altında elastik ötesi davranışları; sisteme bağlanan çelik çapraz elemanların kesit geometrisine, eleman boyuna, çerçeve gözü içerisindeki bağlantı düzenine bağlı olarak değişebilmektedir. Yatay yük taşıyıcı sistemin elastik ötesi davranışını sistemin çelik çapraz elemanlarının elastik ötesi davranışından bağımsız düşünmek mümkün değildir. Bu nedenle çelik çapraz elemanların elastik ötesi davranışlarının bilinmesi ayrı bir önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, çelik çapraz elemanların elastik ötesi davranışlarının güvenilir ve gerçekçi olarak modellenebilmesi için çelik çapraz elemanlar; çerçeve sistemden izole edilmiş basınç elemanı ve çerçeveye merkezi bağlı çapraz perde elemanı olarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada çapraz elemanlar kesit geometrisi hücre elemanlara bölünerek, yayılı plastisite teorisi ve kuvvet tabanlı çerçeve elemanı yaklaşımı ile modellenmiştir. Çapraz elemanın çerçeve elamanı ile olan bağı üç farklı duruma göre değerlendirilmiş olup bunlar; bağ plakasının çapraz uçlarında elastik ötesi davranış gösteren eleman, plakanın düzlem dışına dönebilen mafsal eleman ve bağ plakasının çapraz uçlarında modellenmediği kabulleridir. Modellemelerin sonuçları, tekil basınç elemanının statik itme ve çevrimsel yükleme altındaki ve ters "V" merkezi çaprazlı çerçeve sistemin tek modlu itme yükü altındaki değerleri göz önüne alınarak elde edilmiştirÖğe Öğütülmüş Kolemanit Katkısının Çimento Harçlarına Etkisi(2018) Bideci, Özlem Sallı; Bideci, AlperBu çalışmada, öğütülmüş kolemanit katkısının çimento harç özelliklerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Öncelikle öğütülmüş kolemanitin puzolanik aktivite özelliği belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra farklı oranlarda (%0, %1, %3, %5, %7) öğütülmüş kolemanit katkılı çimento harçlarının; özgül ağırlık, özgül yüzey, priz başlama ve sona erme süreleri tayini, kıvam ve genleşme deneylerinin yapılmasının yanı sıra harç numunelerin basınç dayanımı (2, 7 ve 28 günlük) belirlenerek referans numunesi ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Deney sonuçlarına göre, öğütülmüş kolemanit ikame oranının artışıyla priz başlangıç ve priz sona erme sürelerinin uzadığı, tüm çimento harçlarının TS EN 197-1 standardında istenilen en düşük mekanik özelliği sağladığı (42.5 MPa ve 62.5MPa) ve %1, %3 ve %5 oranında kolemanitin çimento ikame malzemesi olarak kullanılabileceği tespit edilmiştirÖğe Pomza Agregalı Hafif Beton Özelliklerine Kalsiyum Alüminat Çimentosunun Etkisi(2018) Yılmaz, Hakan; Bideci, Özlem Sallı; Bideci, AlperTeknolojinin ilerlemesiyle beraber özel betonların üretimi hız kazanmıştır. Buçalışmada, %100 kırmataş agregalı betonun iri agregasına (elek çapı 4/8 - 8/16 mm)farklı oranlarda (%25 ve %100) pomza agregası ikame edilerek üretilen CEM I 42,5Rve Kalsiyum Alüminat Çimentolu (CAC) betonların fiziksel ve mekanik özelliklerininkarşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla üretilen taze beton numuneleri üzerindebirim ağırlık ve yayılma deneyi; sertleşmiş beton numuneleri üzerinde kuru birimağırlık, basınç dayanımı, yarmada çekme ve eğilme dayanımı deneyleri yapılmıştır.Çalışmanın sonucunda, tüm beton numuneleri içerisinde en yüksek basınç dayanımı%100 kırmataş agregalı CEM I 42,5 R (100-CSCEM) beton numunelerinden eldeedilmiştir.Öğe Öğütülmüş Cam Elyaf Takviyeli Beton (Grc) Atıklarının Çimento İkame Malzemesi Olarak Kullanılabilirliği(2018) Bideci, Özlem Sallı; Mercanoğlu, Kader; Bideci, AlperTabi kaynaklardan maksimum derecede faydalanabilmek amacıyla, ekonomik değeri olanmaddelerin geri dönüşümü ve tekrar kullanımı çok önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, cam elyaf takviyeli beton(GRC) atıklarının çimento ikame malzemesi olarak geri dönüşümünün sağlanabilmesi hedeflenmiştir.Ağırlıkça %0 (Referans), %5, %10 ve %15 oranında öğütülmüş GRC atıkları ile üretilen çimento harçnumuneleri üzerinde; taze harç deneylerinin yanı sıra, basınç dayanımı, eğilme dayanımı, ısıtma-yağmurve donma-çözülme deneyleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan deneysel çalışmalar sonucunda, %5 oranındaöğütülmüş GRC atıklarının tekrar harç içerisinde kullanılmasının çevre açısından olumlu katkısağlayacağı belirlenmiştir.Öğe Success in basic design studios: Can seat selection be an advantage?(Istanbul Teknik Universitesi, Faculty of Architecture, 2015) Edgü, ErincikSocio-petal spaces have proven to be crucial for students’ social life especially in outdoor spaces and common gathering areas; however, actual design studio seating deserves to be examined as well. In various studies, it is revealed that there may be a correlation between seat location, seat selection and student performance. As social interaction is among the essential qualities of design education where training is based on table critiques and face to face discussions, studios ideally should provide the desired interaction. This research explores the students’ preference of seating assuming that it affects the consequent success of the student, in terms of social interaction and movement pattern, conducted in classically arranged rows and columns based studio layout, far from being ideal, where the movement pattern among the tables and the visual field become the most important modes of communication between students and instructors. The syntactic values of tables located adjacent to windows or aisles, middle rows, or back seats, front lines or wall corners help to determine the reason behind preference and selection of these seats. Integration values along with mean depth data are used to explore the socially active and passive sections of the studio layout, while isovists are examined to analyse the visual scope of each assigned seat. The results indicate that when the medium is crowded the position of the tables located alongside of circulation path gains importance. When the medium is less crowded, students prefer to prioritize their visual scope rather than physical accessibility. © 2015, A|Z ITU Journal of Faculty of Architectur. All Rights Reserved.Öğe Spatial analysis of the ancient theater in konuralp with respect to urban fabric(Scibulcom Ltd., 2018) Ayşegül, Kaya TanrıverdiCities have begun to resemble one another more and more due to forces driven by globalisation. Ignoring cultural heritage has led to the dissolution of space identity along with the economic differences reflected therein, as well as to the increase of social polarisation and socio-psychological problems. The loss of elements identifed with cultural heritage or negative changes in the quality of these elements can result in the depletion of the quality of urban life. Historical sites create a sense of continuity, linking the past with the future. This paper addresses the spatial pattern around the ancient amphitheater in the Ciftepinarlar neighbourhood of the Konuralp District in Duzce Province, Turkey. The amphitheater has been declared a frst-degree archaeological site and its surrounding buildings are offcially registered. The purpose of the study was to ascertain the quality of the settlement pattern in the defned area via an analysis based on the scale of the streets and residences. Furthermore, GIS was used to detect the urban pattern of the area under evaluation. The ultimate aim was to assess the vulnerability of the historical site and to develop a relevant proposal for the enhancement and conservation of the neighbourhood. © 2018 Scibulcom Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Divided shopping: A syntactic approach to consumer behaviour(Istanbul Teknik Universitesi, Faculty of Architecture, 2015) Edgü, Erincik; Taluğ, Meray; Özgece, NezireShopping is a socially interactive consumer activity that involves preference, selection and leisure. As historical city centres are still cores of traditional shopping and an asset improving social attraction, attractive routes and spaces for pedestrian movement provided by articulation in the setting are worth examining. Buildings on small sized plots located in a bounded environment usually encourage pedestrian flow, presenting more options of interest on a unit street scale; whereas spatial layout of the urban form, compactness of the circulation routes or visual scope of the users should also be examined. This paper focuses on the comparison of consumer shopping behaviour in such a historical city centre, Walled City of Nicosia, the capital of Cyprus Republic and TRNC. Regarding the lost centrality due to the UN buffer zone, divided city has gone through different physical and social development patterns in terms of land uses and functional changes. Assuming that physical accessibility reinforces social and economic attraction, the paper deals with the, • syntactic hints examined through line analysis underlying the physical development of the urban layout in three different periods of the city, • preferences of the pedestrians, emphasizing functional and spatial pattern that orient the consumer behaviour. The outcomes indicate that narrow long roads promote pedestrian flow in a movement based activity, while the curvy organic formed streets disperse pedestrian movement. Pedestrians tend to shop for retail based products in a linear layout, and tend to eat or drink in a dispersed organic layout. On the other hand, as an aspect of political curiosity both sides of the buffer zone also serve as attraction nodes regardless of the functions. © 2015, A|Z ITU Journal of Faculty of Architectur. All Rights Reserved.
