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    Effect of sedation anesthesia on kinesiophobia and early outcomes after total knee arthroplasty
    (Sage Publications Ltd, 2020) Degirmenci, Erdem; Ozturan, Kutay Engin; Kaya, Yasin Emre; Akkaya, Akcan; Yucel, Istemi
    Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) operation is an effective treatment method in severe osteoarthritis worldwide. However, the number of patients with chronic pain and functional limitations in the postoperative period will continue to increase. Kinesiphobia is an important factor that affects the functional outcomes postoperatively. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of intraoperative consciousness of the patients during surgery on kinesiophobia development and early functional outcomes of TKA. Methods: Sixty patients with the diagnosis of primary knee osteoarthritis were enrolled in the study. Tampa Scale of Kinesiophabia (TSK) was obtained for each patient at multiple time periods. Regional anaesthesia and deep sedation were performed on group 1 (n = 30), while regional anaesthesia and light sedation were performed on group 2 (n = 30). The same surgical procedures were applied to all participants. Functional tests were performed on the patients at the postoperative 2nd and 5th days. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores and knee flexion angles were also measured postoperatively. Results: The mean age of the participants (19 men (31.7%) and 41women (68.3%)) was 67.7 +/- 6.7 (54-82) years. TSK >= 40 was detected in 18 (30%) patients preoperatively and 33 patients (55%) postoperatively. The number of kinesiophobic patients showed statistically significant increase after operation (20/30 (66.7%)) according to preoperative period (9/30 (30%)) in group 2 (p = 0.003). Postoperative functional scores, knee flexion angles and VAS scores were better in non-kinesiophobic patients. Conclusion: Patient's consciousness during TKA operations is an important factor that interferes with the postoperative kinesiophobia development, which may play a pivotal role affecting the early mobility and functional outcomes.