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    Supramolecular solvent based microextraction for green and selective spectrophotometric determination of Rhodamine B in makeup products
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Yildiz, Ilayda Nur; Dalmaz, Aslihan; Ozak, Sezen Sivrikaya
    Many dyes are used for various purposes in different industries and are often complex organic compounds. Many analytical techniques are inadequate to determine the concentrations of these dyes. Additionally, prolonged exposure to dyes can lead to serious health issues. For these reasons, dye quantification has become more important, and the pre-concentration method has been developed and used to determine the dye concentration. In this study, a supramolecular solvent-based liquid-phase microextraction method was developed and utilized for the enrichment and UV-Vis spectroscopic determination of Rhodamine B dye added to various cosmetic samples. Moreover, the effects of the parameters determining the supramolecular solvent, pH, centrifugation time, sample volume, and ultrasonic bath time were optimized. The advantages of the developed method compared to other methods are that the extraction time is very short, solvents and chemicals do not require high cost, and do not require the use of large volumes. Thus, this method has been shown to be a useful, reliable, fast, and valid method for the determination of Rhodamine and similar dyes used in cosmetics. Under optimum conditions, the detection limit was 1.31 mu g L-1, the linear range was 5-1000 mu g L-1, the correlation coefficient was 0.9994, the intra-day relative standard deviation was 2.12 mu g L-1, and the inter-day relative standard deviation was 3.30 mu g L-1. The microextraction method was successfully applied to determine Rhodamine B dyestuff in different cosmetic samples such as lipstick, nail polish, eyebrow fixative, blush, and peeling.