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    Age and growth of the needlefish, Tylosurus imperialis (Rafinesque, 1810) from the Levantine coast, North-Eastern Mediterranean
    (Univ Oradea Publ House, 2025) Erguden, Deniz; Turan, Cemal; Ivanova, Petya Pavlova; Dogdu, Servet Ahmet; Raykov, Violin Stoyanov; Yankova, Maria; Yaglioglu, Deniz
    The present study is the first to determine the age and growth parameters of the needlefish Tylosurus imperialis in the Northeastern Mediterranean. A total of 320 specimens of T. imperialis were caught by gill nets from Turkish coasts (Iskenderun Bay) in the Northeastern Mediterranean between October 2020 and September 2021. The maximum age was 5 years for both sexes combined, and the age group 3-4 comprised 77.5 % of the samples. The total length distribution of T. imperialis was 60 to 109 cm, and the weight distribution was 309 to 1985 g. The b value was between 3.20 and 3.31 for females and males, respectively. The parameter b from the length-weight relationship characterizes a positive allometric growth. Growth equations were calculated as W=0.0006xL(3.2026) (R-2= 0.912) for females, W=0.0004xL(3.3163) (R-2= 0.896) for males, and W= 0.0005xL(3.2456) (R-2=0.904) for all specimens. Von Bertalanffy growth parameters were L-infinity= 139.29 cm, K= 0.119 year(-1), t(0)= -1.819 year for females, L-infinity= 138.50 cm, K= 0.113 year(-1), t(0)= -1.834 year for males and L-infinity= 138.33 cm, K= 0.112 year(-1), t(0)= -1.839 year for all specimens. The spawning period of T. imperialis was determined to be between April and August for both sexes. This data will be useful for the fisheries management of needlefish stocks in our study area and elsewhere.
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    Biological and Growth Parameters of Short-beaked Garfish Belone svetovidovi from the Black Sea
    (Springer Int Publ Ag, 2025) Yaglioglu, Deniz; Turan, Cemal; Ivanova, Petya Pavlova; Erguden, Deniz; Dogdu, Servet Ahmet; Gurlek, Mevlut; Ergenler, Aysegul
    The age composition and growth parameters of the Short-beaked garfish Belone svetovidovi collected from the Ak & ccedil;akoca coast in the southwestern Black Sea (D & uuml;zce, T & uuml;rkiye) were investigated. A total of 352 B. svetovidovi individuals were collected monthly from January 2022 to December 2022, including 189 females (54.0%) and 163 males (46.0%). When the length-frequency distribution of B. svetovidoviwas analysed, it was found that the length group with the highest number of individuals was the same for both females and males (34.0-34.9 cm), with 35 females and 38 males. The b value in males, females and all individuals was greater than 3, indicating positive allometric growth. The samples of B. svetovidovi individualswere between 1 and 4 years old, with ages 2 and 3 years accounting for 73.54% of female individuals, 80.98% of male individuals and 76.99% of all individuals, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the age groups of males and females at ages 1, 2, and 3 while a significant difference was found between 4-year-old males and females (P < 0.05). The Von Bertalanffy growth values were determined as follows: for females, L = 65.501 [1-e(-0.109 (t+2.586))]; for males, L = 66.751 [1-e(-0.108 (t+2.621))]; and for all individuals, L = 66.596 [1-e(-0.108 (t+2.666))]. The mean condition factor values were found to be 0.1090 +/- 0.015 for females, 0.1085 +/- 0.015 for males, and 0.1087 +/- 0.015 for all individuals. The distribution of gonadosomatic index values by gender showed an increase in February-March-September and a decrease in October-December for both females and males. According to the data obtained from the study, the reproductive period for both female and male individuals was identified as the 7-month period from March to September. This study has revealed, for the first time, some reproductive and growth parameters of the Sh
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    Systematic identification of needlefish (Belonidae) species using molecular genetic and morphological markers in the Mediterranean and Black Seas
    (Public Library Science, 2025) Turan, Cemal; Ivanova, Petya Pavlova; Dogdu, Servet Ahmet; Erguden, Deniz; Raykov, Violin Stoyanov; Yankova, Maria; Yaglioglu, Deniz
    In this study, we aimed to clarify the taxonomic status of Belonidae species distributed in the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea by conducting detailed genetic and morphological markers. A total of 550 needlefish samples were caught between January 2022 and January 2024. The data set used in the study contains a total of 171 sequences for the COI gene and 120 sequences for the 12s rRNA gene from different Belonidae species, including data from GenBank. Systematic analysis of needlefish species was investigated by using sequencing of mtDNA COI and 12s rRNA gene regions and morphological characters in the Turkish Marine Waters. A separate analysis of the two mitochondrial genes supported by morphological characters revealed that each species is grouped within itself. The genetic and morphological analyses showed that Belone belone acus and Belone belone euxini which are considered as the subspecies of Belone belone are not subspecies of the genus Belone and should be considered at the species level, Belone belone. Belone svetovidovi is also considerably different from Belone belone and should be considered as a different species. T. acus imperialis, which is thought to be distributed in the Mediterranean Sea, is not a subspecies of Tylosorus acus and should be revised as Tylosorus imperialis which genetically differs from Tylosorus acus and also other Tylosorus species at the species level.