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Öğe AEG-1 expression in invasive ductal and lobular breast cancers and its relationship with prognostic parameters(Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2013) Erdem, Havva; Oktay, Murat; Uzunlar, Ali Kemal; Yıldırım, Ümran; Ankaralı, Handan; Yaşar, MehmetAim: The astrocyte-elevated gene-1 (AEG-1, also known as metadherin) is associated with various aspects of tumour malignancy; however, little knowledge is available related to the role of AEG-1 in ductal and lobular carcinomas. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of AEG-1 with the prognostic parameters in invasive ductal and lobular carcinomas. Materials and methods: This study was conducted on a total of 72 paraffin-embedded breast tumour samples. They consisted of 61 ductal and 11 lobular carcinomas. Breast tumour samples were stained for AEG-1. The prognostic parameters were compared with the results of AEG-1 stains. Results: We observed that more ductal carcinoma types than lobular carcinoma types resulted in high AEG-1 staining, whereas low AEG-1 staining occurred more in lobular carcinomas than in ductal carcinomas (P = 0.05). A significant negative correlation was also found between HER-2 (r = -0.30, P = 0.019) and AEG-1 (r = -0.804, P = 0.003) in lobular carcinomas. A significant relationship was found between increasing numbers of positive lymph nodes and AEG-1 in ductal carcinoma cases (P = 0.05). Conclusion: These results are consistent with previous reports of the role of AEG-1 in tumour progression. AEG-1 could be a useful marker for the development of new treatments and resistant hormonal therapy.Öğe An aggressive Basal Cell Carcinoma with multiple focuses and distant lung metastasis: case report(2012) Erdem, Havva; Kadıoğlu, Nilüfer; Uzunlar, Ali Kemal; Yıldırım, Ümran; Oktay, Murat; Şahiner, Cem; Turan, HakanBazal hücreli karsinom (BHK) epidermisin bazal tabakasından kaynaklanan ve nonkeratinize hücrelerden oluşan en yaygın cilt tümörüdür. Dev BHK (yani çapı 5 cmden büyük) oldukça nadirdir ve tüm BHKların %0,5 ini oluşturmaktadır. BHK insidansı yüksek olmasına rağmen, bu tümörün metastaz oranı tüm vakaların %0,0028-%0,55 arasında değişmektedir. Bu vakada tümör dev boyuta ulaştı ve akciğer metastazı vardı. Burada, BHKlar genellikle yavaş seyirli olmasına rağmen gerekli vakalarda yeterli cerrahi ve kemoradyoterapinin önemini vurgulamak istedik.Öğe Akciğer Dışı Organ Tüberkülozu(2012) Erdem, Havva; Uzunlar, Ali Kemal; Yıldırım, Ümran; Yaman, Hüseyin; Aydın, Leyla; Şahiner, CemTüberküloz, vücudun herhangi bir organında görülebilir. En sık akciğer tüberkülozu görülmekle birlikte, akciğer dışı tüberküloz da önemli bir klinik sorundur. Akciğer tüberkülozu, Türkiye'de sık olmasına rağmen, akciğer dışı organ tüberkülozu çok nadir görülür. Burada, ekstrapulmoner tüberküloz tanılı üç hasta sunulmuştur. Tutulum yerleri vertebra, nazofarenks ve orta kulaktır. Vertebra, nazofarenks ve orta kulaktan alınan materyallerin histopatolojik incelemesi sonucu tüberküloz granülomu olarak rapor edildi.Öğe Association Between Survivin Gene Polymorphisms and the Susceptibility to Colon Cancer Development in the Turkish Population(Asian Pacific Organization Cancer Prevention, 2014) Yamak, Nesibe; Yaykaşlı, Kürşat Oğuz; Yılmaz, Ümit; Eröz, Recep; Uzunlar, Ali Kemal; Ankaralı, Handan; Baltacı, DavutBackground: Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Apoptosis is a necessary physiological process for cell elimination which is very important both cellular homeostasis and cell proliferation and differantiation. Dysregulation can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and tumor development. Survivin, a member of the IAP family, plays a key role in promotion of cell proliferation as well as inhibition of apoptosis in cancer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate whether specific genetic polymorphisms of survivin could be associated with colon cancer development and progression in a Turkish population. Our study is the first to our knowledge to investigate the relationship between colon cancer risk and survivin gene polymorphisms. Materials and Methods: The relation between colon cancer and survivin -31 G/C (rs9904341), -241 C/T (rs17878467) and -625 C/G (rs8073069) polymorphism in promotor site of survivin gene associated with apoptosis was investigated using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results: Individuals with -31C allele and CC genotype were found to have a higher risk of developing colon cancer (OR=13.4, p=0.01). The -241 CT genotype considerably increased the risk of colon cancer (OR=12.0, p=0.0001). However, there was no significant varaition of the survivin -625 C/G polymorphism among colon cancer patients and controls in our study. Conclusions: This study provides the first evidence that survivin -31 G/C and -241 C/T SNP significantly contribute to the risk of colon cancer in the Turkish population.Öğe Can safe and long-term exposure to extremely low frequency (50 Hz) magnetic fi elds aff ect apoptosis, reproduction, and oxidative stress?(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2013) Akdağ, Mehmet Zülküf; Daşdağ, Süleyman; Uzunlar, Ali Kemal; Ulukaya, Engin; Oral, Arzu Yılmaztepe; Çelik, Necla; Akşen, FeyzanPurpose : To determine whether 50 Hz extremely low frequency-magnetic fi elds (ELF-MF) aff ects apoptotic processes, oxidative damage, and reproductive characteristics such as sperm count and morphology in rat testes. Materials and methods : Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the present study, which were divided into three groups (sham group, n = 10, and two experimental groups, n = 10 for each group). Rats in the experimental group were exposed to 100 and 500 mu T ELF-MF (2 h/day, 7 days/week, for 10 months) corresponding to exposure levels that are considered safe for humans. The same experimental procedures were applied to the sham group, but the ELF generator was turned off. Tissues from the testes were immunohistochemically stained for active (cleaved) caspase-3 in order to measure the apoptotic index by a semi-quantitative scoring system. The levels of catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), total antioxidative capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were also measured. Additionally, epididymal sperm count and sperm morphology was evaluated. Results : There were no signifi cant diff erences in the reproductive and oxidative stress parameters between the sham group and the exposed groups (p > 0.05). While no diff erence was observed between the fi nal apoptosis score of the sham and the 100 mu T ELF-MF group (p > 0.05), the fi nal apoptosis score was higher in the 500 mu T ELF-MF exposure group than in the sham group (p < 0.05). Conclusion : Long-term exposure to 100 mu T and 500 mu T ELF-MF did not aff ect oxidative or antioxidative processes, lipid peroxidation, or reproductive components such as sperm count and morphology in testes tissue of rats. However, long-term exposure to 500 mu T ELF-MF did aff ect active-caspase-3 activity, which is a well-known apoptotic indicator.Öğe Collision tumor of menningioma and non Hodgin malignant lymphoma of cerebellum(Springer, 2012) Erdem, Havva; Uzunlar, Ali Kemal; Yıldırım, Ümran; Sav, Aydın; Döşoğlu, Murat…Öğe Cyclooxygenase-2 and Survivin in Superficial Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder and Correlation with Intratumoural Microvessel Density(Sage Publications Ltd, 2010) Yıldırım, Ümran; Erdem, Havva; Kayıkçı, A.; Şahin, A.F.; Uzunlar, Ali Kemal; Albayrak, A.This study was designed to investigate the protein levels of cyclooxyogenase-2 (COX-2) and survivin in superficial urothelial carcinoma (UC) and their correlation with microvessel density (MVD). High-grade UC was positive for both COX-2 and survivin protein, and the proportion of tumours positive for both proteins increased with increasing tumour grade. The presence of COX-2 protein was significantly correlated with the presence of survivin protein. Both COX-2 and survivin positivity were significantly correlated with MVD in all patients regardless of tumour grade, but there was no correlation between MVD and COX-2 and survivin positivity by individual tumour grade. Although there was no significant difference in the proportion of COX-2-positive tumours when patients were stratified by tumour stage, a significantly higher proportion of patients with pT1 stage tumours were survivin-positive compared with patients with pTa stage tumours. COX-2 and survivin positivity were significantly correlated in all patients regardless of tumour grade or stage. COX-2 and survivin were significantly correlated in patients with pTa, but there was no correlation in pT1 tumours. These findings demonstrate that together, COX-2, survivin and MVD may play an important role in UC.Öğe Diffuse infiltration of Aspergillus hyphae in the thyroid gland with multinodular goiter(Medknow Publications, 2011) Erdem, Havva; Uzunlar, Ali Kemal; Yıldırım, Ümran; Yıldırım, Mustafa; Geyik, M. FarukA 35-year-old woman presented with a thyroid mass, weakness and shortness of breath of 3 years duration. On physical examination, she had a diffusely enlarged thyroid gland with multiple nodules. There were no signs to suggest immune suppression. The patient farmed and raised livestock. Biochemical tests and hemogram were normal. She underwent surgery, and a histological examination of the surgical specimen revealed nodular hyperplasia. Microscopically, silver methenamine (PASM) stain-positive hyphae that divided into branches at 45 and conidia were detected beside the thyroid capsule, with conidia in the cystic nodule. Moreover, ischemic changes of the thyroid tissue were observed closer to the capsule. We report a case of Aspergillosis of the thyroid of a patient who underwent surgery for a multinodular goiter.Öğe EFFECT OF EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY MAGNETIC FIELD AND MOBILE PHONE EXPOSURE ON NASAL MUCOSA AND NOSE SKIN(Diagnosis Press Ltd, 2011) Daşdağ, Süleyman; Akdağ, Mehmet Zülküf; Meriç, Faruk; Uzunlar, Ali Kemal; Çelik, Mustafa Salih; Gün, RamazanThe increasing usage of wireless comunication systems and electric-electronical systems in daily life has caused a concern over possible adverse effects of radio frequency radiation (RFR) and Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields (ELF-MF) on biological systems. The aim of the study was to investigate the long-term effect of 900 MHz RFR and ELF-MF exposure on nasal mucosa and nose skin of rats. In this study two different exposure systems were used to get information about the effects of RFR emitted from mobile phones and ELF-MF on nose. In the first part of the study Twenty one Wistar Albino adult male rats (sham: 7, exposure: 14) were used to determine the effects of 900 MHz RFR on nose. For the exposure group, rat heads were exposed to the 900 MHz RFR 2 h per day (7 days in a week) for 10 months. For the sham group, same process was applied to the rats, except that the generator was turned off In the second part of the study 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats (Mona: 10, first exposure: 10, second exposure: 10) were used to determine the effects of 100 mu T and 500 mu T extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) which complies to the safety standards for public and occupational exposure. The rats in the exposure groups of this part of the study were exposed to 100 mu T and 500 mu T ELF-MF for 2 hours per day (7 days in a week) during 10 months in a Plexiglas cage. For the sham group, the same experimental process was applied to the rats but ELF-MF generator was turned off The results of the present study showed that 10 months of exposures of mobile phones and ELF-MF do not affect the mucous membrane and skin of nose. In conclusion, radiofrequency and ELF-MF used in this study do not affect nasal skin and mucosa of rats exposed to 900 MHz RFR, 100 mu T and 500 mu T ELF-MF.Öğe The effect of topical ciprofloxacin and steroid-containing ear drops for chronic suppurative otitis media on the internal ear(Springer, 2010) Kapusuz, Zeliha; Keleş, Erol; Alpay, Hayrettin Cengiz; Karlıdağ, Turgut; Kaygusuz, İrfan; Uzunlar, Ali Kemal; Yalçın, ŞinasiAim of the study is to evaluate the effects of topical ciprofloxacin and prednisolone-containing ear drops for chronic suppurative otitis media on hearing threshold, cochlear reserve and cochlea morphology in healthy subjects and to determine the proper drug dose. Sixty-eight guinea pigs, all of which had healthy hearing, were used for the study. The first group (n = 30) was administered ciprofloxacin three times a day, the second group (n = 30) was administered prednisolone three times a day and the third group (n = 8) was administered sterile distilled water three times a day. The therapies lasted for 7 days and were administered intratympanically. The first group and second group were divided into three sub-groups of ten subjects. The first sub-group (n = 10) was administered an equivalent dose per kilogram as in humans, the second sub-group (n = 10) was administered one-third of the human-equivalent dose and the third sub-group (n = 10) was administered tenfold the human-equivalent dose. All subjects underwent brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) testing on the seventh and twenty-first days following the therapy. Following the tests, two subjects from each group were decapitated and examined under electron microscope. BERA and DPOAE testing results of the sub-group (n = 10) which was administered tenfold the human-equivalent dose were significantly different from the control group and other groups (P < 0.05). According to electron microscopic examination of the cochlea, the group which was administered a tenfold human-equivalent dose of intratympanic ciprofloxacin and prednisolone showed atrophy in cells and degenerations in cilia. This case was statistically significant when compared with the control group and other groups (P < 0.05). Ciprofloxacin and prednisolone applied at a human-equivalent dose per kilogram did not affect the hearing and cochlear histology of subjects.Öğe Effects of Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Field on Caspase Activities and Oxidative Stress Values in Rat Brain(Humana Press Inc, 2010) Akdağ, Mehmet Zülküf; Daşdağ, Süleyman; Ulukaya, Engin; Uzunlar, Ali Kemal; Kurt, Mustafa Ayberk; Taşkın, AbdullahThis study was aimed to investigate the effect of extremely low-frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) on apoptosis and oxidative stress values in the brain of rat. Rats were exposed to 100 and 500 mu T ELF-MF, which are the safety standards of public and occupational exposure for 2 h/day for 10 months. Brain tissues were immunohistochemically stained for the active (cleaved) caspase-3 in order to measure the apoptotic index by a semi-quantitative scoring system. In addition, the levels of catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), total antioxidative capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OS!) were measured in rat brain. Final score of apoptosis and MPO activity were not significantly different between the groups. CAT activity decreased in both exposure groups (p<0.05), while TAC was found to be lower in ELF 500 group than those in ELF-100 and sham groups (p<0.05). MDA, TOS, and OSI values were found to be higher in ELF-500 group than those in ELF-100 and sham groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, apoptosis was not changed by long-term ELF-MF exposure, while both 100 and 500 mu T ELF-MF exposure induced toxic effect in the rat brain by increasing oxidative stress and diminishing antioxidant defense system.Öğe Esthesioneuroblastoma located in the thoracic extradural space: Case report(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2016) Akgül, Mehmet Hüseyin; Gezen, Ferruh; Uzunlar, Ali KemalOBJECTIVE: Esthesioneuroblastoma accounted for only 6% of the malignant nasal cavity neoplasms (ENB) is a rare tumor which originates from the olfactory epithelium. ENB's are locally agresive and can metastasize by lymphatic and hematogenous routes. A patient with the mass on the nasal dorsum was reported in this article. CASE HISTORY: A 52-year-old-man admitted to the hospital with a 3 months history of progressive nasal obstruction, epistaxis and mass on the nasal dorsum. On rhinoscopy, a polypoid mass was seen in the both nasal cavity and intrana sal biopsy with local anesthesia was performed. Hi stopathologic diagnosis of the tumor was Kadish stage B esthesioneuroblastoma. Tumor was excised by using bilateral endoscopic endonasal resection and lateral rhinotomy approach and paranasal radiotherapy performed postoperatively. Ten months after surgery, neck metastasis was occured and patient was underwent neck dissection. Twenteeth months after initial treatment, distant metastasis was identified on the T 10 vertebra and following the cranial and spinal radiotherapy to the neck he was free of local recurrence at follow up 13 months after surgery. CONCLUSION: It has been known that the metastasis of the ENB to the spinal cord is an uncommon event, and it occurs often years after initial diagnosis. MRI scan is helpful for making the diagnosis, and surgery is the treatment of choice for obtaining diagnostic tissue and debulking the tumor. Radiotherapy is also a mainstay of postoperative treatment. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IJS Publishing Group Ltd.Öğe EXPRESSION OF AEG-1 AND P53 AND THEIR CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE IN MALIGNANT LESIONS OF RENAL CELL CARCINOMAS: A MICROARRAY STUDY(Vesalius Univ Medical Publ, 2013) Erdem, Havva; Oktay, Murat; Yıldırım, Ümran; Uzunlar, Ali Kemal; Kayıkçı, M. AliThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of AEG-1 and p53 with the prognostic parameters of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In this study, 50 paraffin blocks were histopathologically diagnosed at the Department of Pathology of the Medical Hospital of Duzce University, between 2005 and 2011. The cases consisted of 24 clear cell (CC) and 26 non-clear cell (NCC) RCC subtypes as follows: 24 (48%) clear cell RCC, 12 (24%) papillary RCC, 4 (8%) multilocular cystic RCC and 10 (20%) chromophobe RCC; none had sarcornatoid changes. By immunohistochemical analysis we investigated AEG-1 and p53 expression in carcinomas of the kidney, and by statistical analysis determined their relationship with clinicopathological parameters. Significant relationships were found between increasing tumor diameter and the increase of p53 (p = 0.028). In addition, p53 was significantly related to renal sinus invasion (p = 0.05) and Fuhrman grade (p = 0.026). There was a significant relationship between increased AEG-1 staining scores and CC and NCC carcinoma subtypes (p = 0.032), tumor capsule invasion (p = 0.01) and lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.015). There was also a significant correlation between tumor size and capsule and lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.02). We concluded that high AEG-1 and p53 expression correlates with the prognostic parameters in RCC patients, and in addition may be associated with tumor progression.Öğe Expression of AEG-1, P53 and its clinicopathological significances in the malignant lesions of renal cell carcinomas(Springer, 2012) Erdem, Havva; Oktay, Murat; Yıldırım, Ümran; Uzunlar, Ali Kemal; Kayıkçı, M. Ali…Öğe EXPRESSION OF E-CADHERIN, COX-2, P53 AND BCL-2 IN PROSTATE CARCINOMAS: CORRELATION WITH TUMOR DIFFERENTIATION AND METASTATIC POTENTIAL(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2010) Özekinci, Selver; Uzunlar, Ali Kemal; Şentürk, Senem; Gedik, Abdullah; Büyükbayram, H.; Mızrak, BülentPrognostic factors of prostate cancer such as PSA stage Gleason grade and surgical margins have limitations they are inable to indicate metastatic potential The aim of this study was to investigate expression of e-cadherin cox-2 p53 and bcl-2 in prostate carcinomas and to search association with tumor differentiation and metastatic potential Eighty-seven prostate cancer specimens were retreived from tissue blocks embedded in parafin and expression patterns of e-cadherin cox-2 p53 and bcl-2 were investigated by immunoperoxidase method Gleason scoring system was used for tumor grading and expression patterns of these antibodies were compared among different tumor grades Seven cases (8%) had well-differentiated 39(45%) had moderately differentiated and 41 (47%) had poorly differentiated tumors Metastases were present in 31 patients (35%) There was a statistically significant association between tumor differentiation and expression of e-cadherin or bcl-2 (p < 0 01) however no association was found between tumor differentiation and expression of cox-2 or p53 (p > 0 01) There was no association between expressions of e-cadherin cox-2 p53 or bcl-2 and metastasis E-cadherin expression is less frequent in poorly differentiated tumors whereas bcl-2 expression is more frequent However there is no relation with metastatic potential and expression of these markers Expression of cox-2 and p53 is neither related to the degree of differentiation nor to the metastatic potentialÖğe Intussusception of the appendix induced by sessile serrated adenoma: A case report(2012) Yıldırım, Ümran; Özaydın, İsmet; Erdem, Havva; Uzunlar, Ali KemalApendix intüsüsepsiyonu nadir bir durumdur. Literatürde yayınlanan olguların çoğunu infant ve çocuklar oluşturmaktadır. Biz burada 65 yaşında tekrarlayan karın ağrısı, mide bulantısı ve kusma ile merkezimize kabul edilen erkek hastayı sunduk. Laporoskopide appendix dokusu invajine idi fakat redükte edilebilme ihtimali vardı. Bu nedenle basit apendektomi gerçekleştirildi. Histopatolojik inceleme apendix lümeninde sesil serrated adenomu göstermiştir ve bu da intüsüsepsiyonun kaynağının bu lezyon olduğunu düşündürmüştür.Öğe Intussusception of the appendix induced by sessile serrated adenoma: A case report [Sesil serrated adenomun uyardı?ı apendiks i?ntüsüsepsiyonu](Federation of Turkish Pathology Societies, 2012) Yıldırım, Ümran; Özaydın, İsmet; Erdem, Havva; Uzunlar, Ali KemalIntussusception of the appendix vermiformis is a rare condition. It occurs mainly in infants and children. Here, we report an intussusception case that occurred in a 65-year-old male presenting with repeated periumbilical pain, nausea, vomiting and febrile sensation. The appendix was seen to be intussuscepted at laparoscopy. The invaginated segment was reducted and simple appendicectomy was carried out. Histopathologic examination revealed a sessile serrated adenoma at the wall of the appendix, suggesting it as the cause of the intussusception.Öğe Leiomyoma of the urinary bladder in asymptomatic women(2012) Erdem, Havva; Yıldırım, Ümran; Tekin, Ali; Kayıkçı, Ali; Uzunlar, Ali Kemal; Şahiner, CemMost bladder tumors are derived from the urothelium. Benign mesenchymal tumors are rare. Leiomyomas account for less than 0.43% of all bladder tumors. Genitourinary leiomyomata may arise in any anatomic structure containing smooth muscle. They have been reported to involve single or multiple organs. Since they may also mimic malignant lesions, they should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of any pelvic mass, with a possibility of being asymptomatic and discovered incidentally by radiographic imaging. We, herein, report a case illustrating clinical and pathological features in particular immunohistochemistry, and discuss its etiology and differential diagnosis.Öğe Lentigo maligna and contiguous pigmented lesion(Turkish Soc Dermatology Venerology, 2013) Erdem, Havva; Yıldırım, Ümran; Aliağaoğlu, Cihangir; Turan, Hakan; Uzunlar, Ali KemalLentigo maligna (LM), a subtype of melanoma in-situ, is seen mostly in patients between 50 and 80 years old and accounts for ten to fifteen percent of skin cancer cases. LM is a traditional term for atypical pigmented macular lesions. LM occurs on severely sun damaged skin and it is usually on the face of elderly patients. Histological diagnosis of atypical pigmented macular lesions have extensive range from solar lentigo to in-situ melanoma (lentigo maligna pattern) or invasive invasive melanoma (lentigo maligna melanoma). The presence of solar lentigo, pigmented actinic keratosis, or reticulated seborrheic keratosis in incisional specimen could misguide the pathologist and clinician, they might think that lentigo maligna is not present. Therefore, excisional biopsy is needed in such cases. Our aim in presenting this case was to emphasize the importance of clinicopathologic correlation and to attract attention on the lesions adjacent to lentigo maligna which can lead to a misdiagnosis.Öğe Lentigo malina ve komşuluğudaki pigmente lezyonlar(2013) Erdem, Havva; Yıldırım, Ümran; Aliağaoğlu, Cihangir; Turan, Hakan; Uzunlar, Ali KemalLentigo malina, melanoma in-situnun alt tipidir. Genellikle 50-80 yaş arasında görülür ve deri kanserlerinin %10 ile 15’ ini oluşturur. LM, atipik, pigmente, maküler lezyonların geleneksel tanımıdır.LM aşırı güneş hasarlanmasıyla oluşur. Genellikle yaşlı hastalarda ve yüz bölgelerinde görülür. Atipik, pigmente, maküler lezyonlarda histolojik tanı , solar lentigodan in-situ melanoma (lentigo maligna pattern) veya invazive melanomaya (lentigo maligna melanoma) kadar geniş aralığa sahiptir. İnsizyonel biyopsilerde solar lentigo, pigmente aktinik keratoz veya retiküle seboreik keratozun mevcudiyeti klinisyeni ve patoloğu yanıltabilir. Onlar lentigo malina bulunmadığını düşünebilirler. Bu yüzden bu vakalarda eksizyonel biyopsi gereklidir. Bizim bu vakayı sunmaktaki amacımız, klinikopatolojik korelasyonun önemini ve lentigo maligna komşuluğundaki lezyonların yanlış tanıya yol açabileceğine dikkat çekmektir.
