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    A neglected etiology of bronchiectasis: External compression due to hiatal hernia
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2020) Balbay, E. G.; Unlu, E. N.; Annakkaya, A. N.; Balbay, O.; Kos, M.; Safak, A. A.
    Aim: To investigate the incidence of bronchiectasis supposed to be made by the external compression of hiatal hernia (HH) to bronchi. Materials and Methods: The thorax computed tomography (CT) scans of patients which were carried out in Duzce University Hospital between February 2014 and August 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. The repeated scans in the same patient were excluded. Results: A total of 4388 patients were included in the study. A total of 98 HH cases were detected of which 58 (59.2%) were female. The mean age was 73.30 +/- 9.14 (45-90). The rate of HH according to small, moderate and large size was 45 (45.9%), 9 (9.2%), 44 (44.9%), respectively. The rate of hiatal hernia accompanied by bronchiectasis were similar in both males and females (P = 0.078). The prevalence of bronchiectasis was significantly high in large hernias with 81.4% rate (P = 0.009). Bronchiectasis rate was 12.343 times (OR: 12.343, 95% CI: 1.479-103.027, P = 0.009) higher in the large HH group compared to small and moderate HH groups. Hiatal hernia accompanied by bronchiectasis was 88.1% anatomically near to HH. Conclusions: Thus, hiatal hernia may cause bronchiectasis due to external compression rather than lymphadenopathy or the tumor as an etiology of bronchiectasis and should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
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    Tortuous vertebral artery triggering vertebral foramen expansion and radiculopathy in a 19-year-old patient: A case report
    (BioMed Central Ltd, 2020) Naldemir, I. F.; Unlu, E. N.; Onbas, O.
    Background: Arterial tortuosity is a widespread condition commonly occurring in cerebral arteries and often associated with the elderly. Moderate arterial tortuosity is often not symptomatic, but if there is severe tortuosity, various symptoms may occur, depending on the localization. In the literature, many factors have been reported as causing tortuosity in the vertebral arteries. In this case report, considering the age of our patient, we propose that, in addition to these previously reported reasons, congenital factors may also contribute to this situation. Case presentation: We present a case of a 19-year-old Turkish patient with a tortuous vertebral artery causing pain and tingling in the right shoulder and neck. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed vertebral foramen enlargement thought to be secondary to a loop formation in the vertebral artery. The diagnosis was confirmed by magnetic resonance angiography. Conclusions: There are many causes of cervical radiculopathy. Arterial tortuosity, a rare cause of radiculopathy, should be considered as a differential diagnosis. Consideration of the existence of this variation is of great importance in preventing possible dangerous complications during surgery. © 2020 The Author(s).