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    Overexpression of PD-L1 in Papillary Carcinoma and Its Association with Clinicopathological Variables
    (2021) Turan, Gulay; Kocaöz, Servet
    Aim: Standard treatment may not be sufficient in patients with metastatic papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), and it may be beneficial to add PD-1 agents to the treatment. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare and evaluate the expression of PD-L1 in patients with nodular goiter (NG) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) within the scope of PTC carcinoma. Material and Methods: Thirty-five patients from each group who underwent thyroidectomy for NG, HT, and PTC, between January 2011 and December 2017 were identified. Immunohistochemically, an anti-PD-L1 stain was applied by taking new sections from the tissue samples of 105 patients. The histological type, tumour diameter, capsule invasion (CI), and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) were evaluated. Results: Nine (25.7%) of the patients with PTC were defined as classic, 10 (28.6%) as follicular, 6 (17.1%) as oncocytic, 5 (14.3%) as encapsulated, 2 (5.7%) as solid, 1 (2.9%) tall cell, and 2 (5.7%) as Warthin-like. The expression of PD-L1 in the patients with PTC was significantly higher than in the patients with NG and HT (p<0.001). There was a significant relationship between the increased PD-L1 expression and staining intensity and presence of thyroid LVI in the patients with PTC (p=0.047). In addition, the PD-L1 expression and LVI were observed to be more severe in patients with follicular, tall cell, and oncocytic subtype PTC (p=0.011, p=0.026, respectively). Conclusion:ItwasobservedthatthePD-L1expressionincreasedinpatientswithPTC. PD-L1 expression and LVI were more severe in patients with follicular, tall cell, and oncocytic subtype of PTC.