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    Pericardial Effusion: Etiology, Diagnose And Management
    (Düzce Üniversitesi, 2012) Turak, Osman; Gürel, Özgül Malçok; Çağlı, Kumral; Özcan, Fırat; Ekizler, Ayşenur; Cebeci, Muhammed; İşleyen, Ahmet
    Aim: The etiology, diagnosis and treatment options of patients with moderate-large volumepericardial effusions were evaluated, retrospectively.Patients and methods: 104 patients with pericardial effusion were enrolled into the study (54male, 50 female, mean age of 53±18 years, ranged from 14 to 85 years). The clinical features,laboratory tests and trans-thoracic echocardiography findings of the patients were recorded.Both diagnostic and therapeutic aimed pericardiocentesis procedures were performed viasubxiphioid route and glucose, total protein, cholosterol, lactic dehydrogenase levels, adenosinedeaminase activity, polymerase chain reaction for tuberculosis, cytological, microbiologicalexaminations and cultures were obtained from pericardial fluid.Results: By transthoracic echocardiography, 70 patients (67.3%) had large volume and 34patients had moderate volume pericardial effusion. Pericardiocentesis was performed to a totalof 46 patients and pericardial fluid was exudate in 22 patients (47.8%) and transudate in 24patients (52.2%). The most common cause of effusion was idiopathic and the other causes wereneoplasia, congestive heart failure and tuberculosis, respectively.Conclusion: The main problem in pericardial effusion is to find the etiology for clinicians.Carefully taken medical story, detailed physical examination and pericardiocentesis procedureif needed will help us to diagnose the disease and to start the treatment for the specific etiology