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    The Effect Of L-Carnitine And Alpha Lipoic Acid Administration With Exercise In Old Rats On Energy Metabolism Related To Oxidative Stress Parameters
    (Marmara Univ, Inst Health Sciences, 2024) Kalkan, Kardelen Kocaman; Sirin, Neslihan; Tepe, Atakan; Gok, Ali; Altas, Tolga; Agan, Kagan; Gulhan, Pinar Yildiz
    Objective: This study aims to contribute novel insights by investigating the potential positive effects of a combined dietary supplement and exercise program on mitochondrial oxidative stress and energy metabolism in aging. Focusing on the protective impact of Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA), a potent antioxidant, against exercise-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress in rats, we also assess how L-Carnitine administration affects exercise ability by analyzing resistin and HbA1c levels, indicators linked to insulin resistance and cellular sensitivity. Method: In this 10-day study, 42 old male Sprague Dawley rats (weighing 400 +/- 10 g, aged 15-17 weeks) were divided into six groups (n=7): Control, Exercise, L-Carnitine, Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA), L-Carnitine+Exercise, ALA+Exercise. Relevant groups received daily oral gavage doses of L - Carnitine (50 mg/ml) and ALA (18 mg/ml). Exercise groups underwent treadmill sessions. On day 10, blood samples were quantitatively analyzed for HbA1c and Resistin levels using a Cusabio ELISA assay kit (China). Results: ALA supplementation synergistically reduced resistin and HbA1c levels, individually and combined with exercise. Conversely, L-Carnitine supplement, alone or with exercise, increased resistin levels but it caused a decrease in HbA1c levels. Conclusion: The data indicated a minor, insignificant decrease in resistin levels for the exercise and ALA groups, with a statistically significant difference in HbA1c levels among all groups. Exercise alone positively impacted both HbA1c and resistin levels, suggesting a potential counteraction of age-related oxidative stress and a positive influence on energy metabolism through an appropriate diet and exercise program. Further studies are required to explore specific metabolic pathways and relationships identified in our findings.
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    Sodium Borohydride-Promoted, Pd/AlO(OH)-Catalyzed Green Oxidation of Aryl Aldehydes to Benzoic Acids in Aqueous Medium
    (Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2026) Goksu, Haydar; Tepe, Atakan
    The development of oxidation methodologies that proceed without molecular oxygen or stoichiometric oxidants, while employing environmentally benign solvents, is of paramount importance in sustainable synthetic chemistry. Herein, we report the oxidation of aryl aldehydes to the corresponding benzoic acid derivatives using commercially available palladium nanoparticles supported on aluminum oxyhydroxide in aqueous medium. The reaction proceeds under mild basic conditions at ambient temperature, with sodium borohydride acting as a hydride donor/modulator, promoting in situ formation of active hydride species on the catalyst surface. These species facilitate dehydrogenative oxidation of aldehydes via the hydrated (gem-diol) intermediate, affording benzoic acid derivatives with concurrent evolution of molecular hydrogen. Under optimized conditions, 14 benzoic acid derivatives were synthesized within 6 h, with yields ranging from 50% to 95%. The products were fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The Pd/AlO(OH) catalyst was recovered and reused in three consecutive runs without significant loss of activity or yield. SEM/EDX analyses of fresh and reused catalysts revealed no significant morphological changes, and ICP-OES confirmed negligible palladium leaching. The use of a commercially available, reusable catalyst for selective oxidation under oxygen-free aqueous conditions provides a practical and sustainable strategy for the synthesis of industrially relevant benzoic acid derivatives.
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    The Effects of Different Glucose Precursors on Milk Production and Composition in Dairy Cows
    (Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2024) Altaş, Tolga; Yıldırım, Ramazan; Tepe, Atakan; Acar, Aykut; Cağlıcan, Cantuğ; Gençoğlu, Hıdır
    The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of glucose precursors on blood parameters, milk yield and composition in dairy cows. For this study, 26 multiparous and 34 primiparous Holstein cows were used in randomized block design to evaluate the feeding glycerol (G), propylene glycol (PG), and water (C) from 7 d prepartum to 21 d in milk (DIM). Treatments were 300ml water (C), 450 ml glycerol (G), and 300 ml propylene glycol were drenched after morning feeding. Milk yields were recorded as daily, milk samples were analyzed for fat, protein, lactose from all cattle for two consecutive days every week compositions until the 100 DIM. In other hand, blood samples were taken for glucose at last week of gestation, day calving, week 1, 2 and 3 in postpartum. There was no difference between the groups in glucose levels. However, milk yield of C (35.06 L/day) group was 1 L higher than G (34.18 L/day) group and 1,5 L higher than PG (33.46 L/day) group (P<0,05). Milk fat was found to be higher in PG group cows (3.67%) compared to C (3.44%) and G (3.46%) cows (P<0.05). However, milk proteins of the C (3.32%) group were higher than the PG (3.15%) group. Milk yield and milk protein were found to be higher in the untreated C group than in the G and PG groups, and differences were found between the groups in terms of milk fat. It was concluded that there is a need for further investigation of the effects of glucose procurers such as G and PG, especially on the rumen.