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Öğe The Application of HBA Technique to Economic Dispatch: A Case Study from Turkey(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2022) Andiç, Cenk; Aydın, E.; Öztürk, Ali; Türkay, BelginPlanning the operation of electrical power systems and running them under optimal conditions is essential as the daily demand for energy rises. Thermal generation units provide the majority of the world's required electrical energy. Meeting energy demand while keeping thermal generation units' fuel costs to a minimum is the foundation of the economic distribution challenge. The economic dispatch problem is addressed in this research, and a new heuristic approach, the honey badger algorithm (HBA), is proposed to address it. Using a case study from Turkey, the suggested HBA was put through its paces. The efficiency of the suggested algorithm has been evaluated in comparison to other approaches. These include the genetic algorithm (GA), the simulated annealing (SA), and the crow search algorithm (CSA). The results demonstrate that the proposed HBA outperforms competing approaches in terms of operational success. Thus, the suggested HBA yielded daily profits of 17.9736 and annual profits of 6,740.496. Simultaneously, the proposed HBA method decreases the system's reliance on fuel while in operation and decreases the emission of hazardous gases from heat generation units. © 2022 IEEE.Öğe False Data Injection Attacks on CSA-Based State Estimation in Smart Grid(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2022) Andiç, Cenk; Öztürk, Ali; Türkay, BelginMeasurement devices are placed on the network in order to monitor and operate smart grids. The state of the system is estimated using the network model of the system and the measurement data set obtained from the measuring devices. However, with a cyber-attack, attackers False Data Injection (FDI) attack into the measurement data set. Therefore, the state estimation results of the system are not reliable. In this study, the state of the system is estimated by using the Crow Search Algorithm (CSA), which is one of the heuristic methods. And this study presents the effect of the FDI attack on the CSA-based state estimator to determine the optimal estimate for the system state. The attacker's FDI attack is tested as two different scenarios on the IEEE-9 bus test system. Firstly, it is assumed that the attacker performed an unstructured FDI attack, which has a simple structure. Secondly, it is assumed that the attacker performed a well-structured FDI attack. The Chi-square test method is used to determine whether false data is injected into the measurement data set. The results obtained by CSA-based state estimator show that an unstructured FDI attack can be detected as bad data, while a well-structured FDI attack cannot be detected. However, in both cases, the accuracy of the state estimation results decreases and it affects the analysis, operation and planning of the system. © 2022 IEEE.Öğe Honey Badger Algorithm Based Tuning of PID Conroller for Load Frequency Control in Two-Area Power System Including Electric Vehicle Battery(Ieee, 2022) Andiç, Cenk; Özümcan, Sercan; Öztürk, Ali; Türkay, BelginThis paper presents a load frequency control using meta-heuristic method to find the gains of PID controllers. In this study, a novel meta-heuristic method, Honey Badger Algorithm is proposed to find the optimal Kp, Ki and Kd parameters of PID controller. The proposed algorithm is tested on two-area power system. However, electric vehicle battery, which is one of the electrical energy storage devices, has been added to the two-area power system. The settling time of the frequency has been investigated as a result of the load disturbance. Finally, a comparison was made between the traditional methods, Genetic Algorithm and Ziegler-Nichols method, and Honey Badger Algorithm. Upon comparison of the results, it is revealed that the proposed algorithm shows fast-damping steady-state deviations frequency with presence of step load disturbance.Öğe Power system state estimation using a robust crow search algorithm based on PMUs with limited number of channels(Elsevier Science Sa, 2023) Andiç, Cenk; Öztürk, Ali; Türkay, BelginIn modern electrical power systems, the state estimation results provide real-time data about the current operating state of the system. The state of the system can be estimated by using the system model and the available measurement data set. Measurement data are collected from measuring devices called Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). The optimal placement of PMUs is determined by observing the entire system and taking into account the cost of placement. Moreover, the number of channels of PMUs is an important constraint that determines the number of measuring meters. This constraint can change the number of the optimal placement of the PMUs. Firstly, the PMUs are optimally placed by taking into account the limited number of channels. Secondly, the states of the system are estimated using the measurement data collected from the placed PMUs. In this study, a robust Crow Search Algorithm (CSA), which is one of the meta-heuristic methods, is proposed for the first time to solve both the optimal placement of PMUs and the optimal static estimate for the entire system. The proposed CSA has been tested on IEEE 14, 30, 57, and 118 bus test systems. The effectiveness of the CSA-based state estimator over other well-known algorithms, which are Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Artificial Bee Swarm Optimization (ABSO), is shown by comparing the obtained results. The wellknown Newton-Raphson power flow solutions are accepted as benchmarks, and the proposed CSA-based state estimator has given reliable results with better accuracy in all test systems compared to other methods. Thus, it has been proved that the proposed CSA is an alternative solution method for the state estimation problem. State estimation results are used in the analysis, operation, and planning of the power system. This study contributes to the more accurate and reliable operation of the system by the operators.Öğe Rotor Angle Stability Analysis by Using Lyapunov's Direct Method of a SMIB Power System(Ieee, 2022) Andiç, Cenk; Öztürk, Ali; Türkay, BelginRotor angle stability of a power system refers to the ability of the system to return to equilibrium points after significant disturbances like application to sudden increase in power input or removal of the load, line faults etc. This paper presents the importance of the rotor angle stability of power systems. The rotor angle stability is analyzed based on solving swing equation of a power system. The swing equation is a non-linear equation. Therefore, a several non-linear methods (Runge-Kutta, Euler etc.) can be used to solve the swing equation. In this study, Lyapunov's direct method is proposed to solve the swing equation. The proposed method is tested on a single machine infinite bus test system. The maximum limit value at which the mechanical input power of the system can suddenly increase has been found. The obtained results show that Lyapunov's direct method successfully detects the operating point close to the instability region of the system.
