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    Effects of Naphthoquinones from the Roots of Onosma Armeniacum Klokov on Wound Healing
    (Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2024) Kupeli Akkol, Esra; Subas, Tugba; Ozgen, Ufuk; Suntar, Ipek; Ilhan, Mert; Keles, Hikmet
    In Turkish folk medicine, the roots of Onosma armeniacum Klokov are used to heal wounds, burns, hemorrhoids, hoarseness, dyspnea, stomach ulcers, and abdominal aches. The objective was to evaluate the plant's ethnopharmacological applications using in vivo pharmacological experimental models. In vivo linear incision and circular excision the wound models were used to assess the wound healing activity along with histopathological investigation. The active component(s) were isolated and identified after being exposed to several chromatographic separation procedures on the primary extract. The n-hexane-dichloromethane mixture extract was subjected to chromatographic separation after the wound-healing activity was confirmed. Deoxyshikonin (1), beta,beta-dimethylacrylshikonin (2), alpha-methyl-n-butylshikonin (3), isovalerylshikonin (4), acetylshikonin (5), beta-hydroxyisovalerylshikonin (6), and 5,8-O-dimethylacetylshikonin (7) were identified as the structures of the isolated compounds. The efficacy of O. armeniacum to heal wounds was investigated in this study. Shikonin derivatives were identified as the primary active components of the roots by bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation procedures.
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    An Updated Review on Ziziphora L.: A Valuable Source of Phytoconstituents for Potential Health Benefits
    (Acg Publications, 2025) Ilhan, Mert; Gurbuz, Perihan; Suntar, Ipek
    Ziziphora L. (Lamiaceae) is a genus of annual or perennial medicinal plants. These species are characterized by their aromatic features and are widely distributed across Southern and Eastern Europe, Asia, and North-West Africa. In T & uuml;rkiye, the genus comprises eleven taxa, namely Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam., Z. subsp. taurica, and Z. taurica Bieb. subsp. cleonioides (Boiss.) Davis. Ziziphora species have been used in Turkish, Kazakh, and Iranian folk medicine, especially in the form of infusion, decoction and maceration, owing to their antiseptic, expectorant, stomachic, carminative, and sedative effects. Ziziphora species have also been used against the common cold, coughing, migraine, fever, inflammation, diarrhea, and depression. There is a high number of studies documenting the phytochemical features and biological activities of Ziziphora species. Although the essential oil composition of the Ziziphora genus was the primary focus of earlier studies, these species also contain triterpenes, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. They were demonstrated to display antimicrobial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities. Given their diverse biological activities and phytoconstituents, Ziziphora species represent a promising candidate for further pharmacological research. In the present review, ethnobotanical records, phytochemical profiles, and bioactivities of Ziziphora species will be extensively presented.