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    GENETIC DIVERGENCE AND PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF HONEY BEE POPULATIONS FROM TURKEY USING PCR-RFLP's ANALYSIS OF TWO mtDNA SEGMENTS
    (Scientific Issues Natl Centre Agrarian Sciences, 2009) Kekeçoğlu, Meral; Bouga, Maria; Soysal, Mehmet İhsan; Harizanis, Paschalis
    The genetic structure and phylogenetic relationship among honey bee populations of Turkey were studied using RFLP analysis on two PCR-amplified mtDNA gene segments (COI, 16s rDNA). The honey bees were sampled from 54 mainland localities of Turkey and 2 Aegean islands. Two different mitotype were detected with SspI digestion of COI gene. One mitotype was seen in only central Anatolia. The results of this research were compared with analogous studies on honey bee populations from Greece and it was found that the non-existence of 16s rDNA /DraI digestion is diagnostic only for Turkish honey bee populations. This result is very useful for the control of conservation of local honey bees, as the movement of colonies across the border line of these neighboring countries, may affect the genetic structure of honey bee populations.
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    Genetic relationships of Thrace and Yigilca honey bee populations based on microsatellite structure
    (Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2021) Kekeçoğlu, Meral; Ünal, Emel Özkan; Soysal, Mehmet İhsan
    Thrace and Yigilca honey bees, two important honey bee ecotypes in apicultural activity of Turkey, are the subject of genetic conservation effort. In this study, the genetic structure and diversity of honey bee populations from Thrace and Yigilca were investigated using 27 microsatellites. Except Kirklareli and Yigilca (Fst: 0.14), it was observed lower genetic divergence between the populations based on the value of pairwise Fst. Although Thrace populations (Edirne, Tekirdag and Kirklareli) were not fully separated from each other, Yigilca population was significantly separated from Kirklareli and separated slightly from the rest of other populations. The calculated gene diversity of the populations ranged from 0.44 in Kirklareli to 0.56 in Edirne and Tekirdag. Despite the high genetic diversity within the populations, the significant heterozygous deficiency found in Kirklareli may be due to repeated and controlled swarming of the selected colonies by beekeepers. These factors could have contributed the observed genotypic homogenization within Kirklareli honey bee population. Our results demonstrate that genetic differantiation of Thrace and Yigilca populations is still conserved, but gene flow is not prevented by the current management strategies, creating urgent demand for an improved conservation management of honey bee populations.