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Öğe Beyond pelvic pathology: retinal microvascular rarefaction as a systemic marker in endometriosis(Bmc, 2025) Keyif, Betul; Sezer, Taha; Colak, Kubra; Gundogdu, Zulfiye Balkan; Meydan, BayramObjective This study aimed to quantitatively assess retinal microvascular alterations in women with pelvic endometriosis using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and to explore whether these subclinical findings may reflect early signs of systemic microvascular alterations in this population. Methods In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 100 eyes were analyzed-50 from women with laparoscopically or ultrasonographically confirmed pelvic endometriosis and 50 from age-matched healthy female controls. All participants underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations and macular OCTA imaging using the Heidelberg Spectralis system. Quantitative parameters, including vessel area density (VAD), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) metrics (area, perimeter, circularity), and FD-300 values, were extracted from the superficial and deep capillary plexuses using the OCTAVA software. Segmental parafoveal VAD values (nasal, temporal, superior, and inferior) were also assessed. Axial length measurements and endometriosis staging were not available in this retrospective dataset. Hormonal therapy use was not systematically documented. Results Compared to healthy controls, women with endometriosis demonstrated significantly lower total and parafoveal VAD and FD-300 values in both retinal plexuses (p < 0.05 for all). FAZ perimeter showed a modest but statistically significant difference, whereas FAZ area and circularity index remained comparable between groups. No participant in either group exhibited clinically visible retinal pathology. These alterations occurred despite preserved visual acuity and in the absence of systemic comorbidities known to affect microcirculation. Conclusion Although causality cannot be inferred from this cross-sectional design, our findings indicate that pelvic endometriosis is associated with region-specific subclinical reductions in retinal capillary perfusion, particularly within the foveal and parafoveal regions. OCTA-derived metrics, especially FD-300 and parafoveal VAD, may offer insight into microvascular integrity in this patient group. These results support further investigation into the systemic vascular aspects of endometriosis and highlight the potential utility of retinal imaging in exploring such associations.Öğe Changes in the Anterior Segment and Dry Eye Parameters of People Using Oral Tetracycline(Tıbbi Kayıtlar Derneği, 2023) Eski, Mehmet Tahir; Teberik, Kuddusi; Sezer, TahaAim: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of anti-inflammatory efficiency of tetracycline on dry eye and anterior segment parameters. Material and Methods: This prospective study was conducted with 61 people who had been using tetracycline for the past 2 months. Each participant went through a detailed ophthalmological examination where intraocular pressure (IOP), central cornea thickness (CCT), K1 and K2 from keratometry measurements, anterior chamber depth (ACD), axial length (AXL), tear breakup time test (BUT), lissamin green staining (LG), Schirmer’s tear test-1 (ST) and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score were evaluated. Measurements of the patients who would be using a daily dose of 100 mg doxycycline for 2 months were done prior to the medication as well as 1 month and 2 months after the medication. 3 data sets of the participants were compared at the end of 2 months. Results: When results were compared, it was found that ST and LG parameters gradually increased in the first and second months and this increase was statistically significant (p<0.001 and p=0.018, respectively). On the other hand, BUT and OSDI scores decreased over time but it was not statistically significant. There were no statistically significant differences in terms of other parameters either (p>0.05). When female and male participants were compared in terms of BUT, it was found that the decrease in females at the second month was higher and this was statistically significant (p=0.01). Conclusion: t was concluded that the young individuals using tetracycline displayed an early stage of improvement in dry eye parameters.Öğe Comparison of Anterior Segment Measurements in Obese Children and Healthy Control Group(Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2023) Eski, Mehmet Tahir; Teberik, Kuddusi; Sezer, Taha; Arslanoglu, IlknurOphthalmology, Objective: To evaluate anterior segment parameters in obese children. Methods: Fifty-five obese and 30 control group children subjects participated. All participants and the control group were examined and anthropometric measurements were made. The measurements of fasting blood glucose (FBG), systolic blood pressure (SBP) triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and insulin values were performed. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Each participant underwent a detailed ophthalmic examination and intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and lens thickness (LT) were measured. Results: The gender distribution of the groups was similar (p=0.893). The mean of CCT and LT were significantly higher in the obese group (572.9 & PLUSMN; 14.5 vs. 559.5 & PLUSMN; 10.1 & mu;m, p=0.001; 3.6 & PLUSMN; 0.14 vs. 3.48 & PLUSMN; 0.25 mm, p=0.007). No significant difference was found between the obese and control groups in terms of other parameters. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) had a significant negative correlation with LT control groups. The obese group showed a significant positive correlation between IOP and TG (r=0.276, p=0.042), and a significant negative correlation with HDL-C (r=-0.273, p=0.043). In the control group, there was a significant positive correlation between IOP and BMI (r=0.389, p=0.034), WC (r=0.497, p=0.005), HOMA-IR (r=0.384, p=0.036), Insulin (r=0.407, p=0.026), and a significant negative correlation with TC (r=-0.511, p=0.004). A significantly positive correlation between ACD and LDL-C (r=0.371, p=0.043) and a significantly negative correlation between HOMA-IR in the control group were detected (r=-0.682, p=0.000). Conclusions: The obese group had higher CCT and LT than the control groups.Öğe Comparison of the effects of 3 different anti-VEGF drugs on cornea thickness, lens thickness and anterior chamber depth: Case-Control Study(2023) Eski, Mehmet Tahir; Teberik, Kuddusi; Sezer, TahaTo compare the long-term effects of 3 different anti-VEGF molecules on the lens, cornea and anterior chamber in phakic patients who have received consecutive intravitreal injections. 157 patients who did not have corneal pathology but were treated with 1.25mg/0.05ml intravitreal bevacizumab, 0.5mg/0.5ml ranibizumab or 2mg/0.05ml aflibercept injections due to diabetic macular edema were retrospectively analyzed in our clinic. Patients who received three consecutive monthly injections were included to the study. Corneal thickness, lens thickness and anterior chamber depth measurements which were taken before the injections, 1 month after the first injection, 1 month after the second injection, and 1 month after the third injection were used in the study. There was no statistical difference between the bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept and control group in terms of preoperative specifications such as number of patients, gender and age average. A statistically significant difference was found between the 4 anterior chamber depth measurements in the control group, Ranibizumab drug group, and Bevacizumab and Aflibercept drug groups (p<0.001, p=0.026; p=0.07, p<0.001, respectively). Anterior chamber depth of the Ranibizumab and Bevacizumab patients decreased in the first month and increased in the second and third months. However, anterior chamber depth of the Aflibercept patients increased over time. As a result of our study; we concluded that three different anti- VEGF drug molecules have an effect on the anterior camera.Öğe Effects of Smoking on Pattern Visual Evoked Potentials(Tıbbi Kayıtlar Derneği, 2023) Eski, Mehmet Tahir; Yabalak, Ahmet; Şahan, Halime; Ayaslı, Alper; Sezer, TahaAim: The aim of the study is to get a better understanding of the side effects of smoking by evaluating the effect of recently elevated smoking rate on Visual Evoked Potentials (VEP) and to determine whether it is necessary to use different normals when evaluating the VEP measurements of smoking patients. Material and Methods: The patients who have applied to our ophthalmology and neurology outpatient clinics during 2021-2022 are included to the study. Detailed ophthalmologic examination of the patients as well as their VEP test is completed followed by a dilated fundus examination assessment. The patients with normal results are included to the study. The smoking rate is calculated on pack/year basis. Pattern VEP (PVEP) recording is performed based on Keypoint (Dantec, Denmark) and International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV) criteria. Data obtained through the study are analyzed by SPSS 21.0 version software. Countable variables with normal distribution between two independent groups are analyzed with Independent Sample T test whereas variables without normal distribution are analyzed with Mann Whitney U test. Chi-square test is used for comparing categorical variables. Results: 71 patients were included to the study where 33 of them were placed in smoking group and 38 in non-smoking group (control group). Smoking group had a yearly cigarette package consumption of 5.20±8.93 (0.2-40). VEP latency and amplitude changes were compared and according to the obtained results; there was P100 latency prolongation in between left and right eye of the patients in the control group and smoking group but it did not have any statistical significance (p=0.910 and p=0.697 respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in either left nor right eye in terms of smoking and P100 and N70 latencies (p=0.707, p=0.838, p=0.717 and p=0.621 respectively). Similarly, there was no significant correlation between yearly package consumption and P100 and N70 latencies and amplitudes of left and right eyes (p=0.503, p=0.410, p=0.776 and p=0.940 respectively). Conclusion: No significant effect of smoking is found on VEP values thus leading us to believe that the same normal intervals can be used in the evaluation of VEP results of both smoking and non-smoking patients.Öğe Evaluation of pain scores during intravitreal injection in systemic conditions and in conjunction with medications(Sage Publications Ltd, 2025) Sezer, Taha; Altikardesler, Emir; Erdogan, Kubra; Arslan, Betul; Colak, KubraBackground: Intravitreal injection (IVI) is a common practice in today's ophthalmology clinics. The pain that patients will experience after the application may be important in compliance with the treatment. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between various clinical characteristics of patients receiving IVI and corresponding visual analogue scale (VAS) scores (0: no pain to 10: severe pain). Design: Single-centre, Prospective study. Methods: A total of 313 participants (168 females, 145 males) with a mean age of 66.91 +/- 9.67 years underwent IVI for diabetic retinopathy (DRP), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), or age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Eye examinations, including visual acuity and intraocular pressure measurements, were also conducted, and injection indications were determined based on dilated fundus examinations and spectral domain optical coherence tomography images. Following the injections, the researchers solicited VAS scores ranging from 0 to 10 (no pain to severe pain). The study explored the relationships between clinical characteristics, headache frequency, joint and muscle pain, analgesic use, surgical history, antidepressant use, vasovagal syncope, previous injections, and VAS score. Results: The mean VAS score was 4.77 +/- 2.90. While DRP and RVO had similar VAS scores (4.95 +/- 2.98 and 5.22 +/- 2.70, respectively), the AMD group had significantly lower scores (4.09 +/- 2.64). Compared with nonusers, antidepressant users had significantly greater VAS scores (5.79 +/- 3.43) (4.52 +/- 2.70) (p < 0.05). Patients with a history of syncope had significantly greater VAS scores (p < 0.05). In patients reporting monthly headaches, a positive correlation was found between headache frequency and VAS score (r = 0.23, p < 0.01). Conclusion: For individuals experiencing daily headaches, inquiries about vasovagal syncope and antidepressant use may be beneficial, considering the potential association of these symptoms with higher VAS scores after IVIs.Öğe Evaluation of peripapillary choroidal vascularity index in young smokers(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Eski, Mehmet Tahir; Sezer, Taha; Bayraktar, Havvanur; Altikardesler, EmirPurpose: This retrospective study aimed to compare the peripapillary choroidal vascularity index (CVI) between young smokers who smoked less than 5 packs/year and non-smokers. Methods: The study included 52 smokers and 67 non-smokers, and comprehensive eye examinations were performed on all participants. Axial lengths (AL) were measured, and peripapillary enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) images were obtained and evaluated using the Open Source ImageJ software. The CVI, total choroidal area ( TCA), luminal area (LA), stromal area (SA), and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) quadrants were compared between the two groups. Results: The mean age of the smokers was 23.76 +/- 1.84 years, and for non-smokers, it was 23.98 +/- 2.18 years. The mean peripapillary CVI for smokers was 0.65 +/- 0.08, and for non-smokers, it was 0.67 +/- 0.03. No statistically significant difference in CVI was observed between the two groups. However, statistically significant differences were found in the temporal inferior (TI), temporal superior (TS), nasal inferior (NI), and nasal superior (NS) quadrants of the RNFL between the two groups (p < 0.05). There was no correlation between the number of packs/year and CVI values in the smoking group (r = 0.031, p = 0.826). Conclusion: The study revealed no significant difference in CVI among young smokers who smoked less than 5 packs/year compared to non-smokers. However, there was a statistically significant decrease in the TI, TS, NI, and NS quadrants of the RNFL in early-age smokers.Öğe Oftalmopatisiz Hipertiroidik Hastalarda Optik Cohorens Tomografi Bulguları(2023) Eski, Mehmet Tahir; Teberik, Kuddusi; Sezer, Taha; Önmez, AttilaAmaç: Bu çalışmada, hipertiroidi tanısı olan ve oftalmopati gelişmemiş hastalardaki koroid, retina ve peripapiller sinir lifi tabakasının kalınlığını ötiroid hasta grubuyla karşılaştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Hastaların serum tiroid stimülan hormon (TSH), serbest T3 (fT3), serbest T4 (fT4) değerleri incelendi. Hipertiroidi semptomları ile başvuran ve tetkiklerinde TSH; 0,5 mu/L’nin altında saptanan olgular çalışmaya dahil edildi. Spektral domain optik koherens tomografi ile retina kalınlığı (RT), retina sinir lifi tabakası (RSLT) kalınlığı ve koroid kalınlığı (CT) hesaplandı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 40’ı (%49) hipertiroidi hastası (HT), 42’si (%51) ötiroidik sağlıklı bireyler olmak üzere toplamda 82 kişi dahil edildi. RT ölçümleri açısından T500, T1000, T1500 ve N1500 değerlerinin HT grupta kontrol grubuna göre daha düşük olduğu olduğu ve bunların istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu görüldü (sırasıyla pÖğe Spontaneous posterior dislocation of the lens(Ma Healthcare Ltd, 2024) Sezer, Taha; Ogul, Hayri[No abstract available]Öğe Subkonjontival Hemorajilerin Etyolojik Nedenlerinin Konjonktiva Segmentleri ile İlişkisi(2023) Eski, Mehmet Tahir; Sezer, Taha; Teberik, KuddusiAmaç: Non-travmatik subkonjonktival hemoraji (SKH) etyolojik sebeplerini, demografik özellikleri ve kan tablolarında oluşabilecek etkileri açısından incelemek amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Hastalardan ayrıntılı bir öykü alındıktan sonra, Goldman aplanasyon tonometrisi ile göz içi basıncı ölçüldü. Tüm olguların yaş, cinsiyet, oluşum hikayesi, kanamanın konjontival lokalizasyonu nasal (N), temporal (T), süperior (S), inferior (I), 2 veya daha fazla kadranı tutan konjonktiva (To) olmak üzere 5 segment, kanamanın hangi gözde olduğu, eşlik eden ek hastalığın olup olmaması, kullandığı ilaçlar, sigara ve alkol kullanım hikayesi, oturduğu bölgenin kırsal/kentsel olması, eğitim durumu, tam kan sayımı, protrombin (PT), parsiyel tromboplastin zamanı (Aptt), kan değerleri, Internationel Normalized Ratio (INR) gibi kan değerleri incelendi. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda incelenen 112 hastanın yaş ortalaması 48,5 ± 18,4, 56’sı kadın, 56’sı erkekti. Çalışmamızda; segment ile hastaların eğitim durumları, yaşadığı bölgeler, hastaların sigara-alkol kullanım alışkanlığı, hastaların kullandıkları ilaç, hastaların kan tahlil sonuçları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir (sırasıyla p=0,030; p=0,008; p<0,001; p=0,040; p=0,016). Segment ile diğer değişkenler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Sonuç: Hastalarda antikoagülan/antiplatelet ilaç kullanımının, hipertansiyon, kan hastalıklarının, sigara-alkol kullanımının ve hastaların yaşadığı bölgenin SKH oluşan konjonktiva segmenti ile ilişkili olduğu düşünüldü.Öğe Visual evoked potential changes following Botox administration in patients with blepharospasm(Springer, 2023) Eski, Mehmet Tahir; Teberik, Kuddusi; Sezer, Taha; Ayasli, Aziz Hudai; Öztürk, AyhanPurposeTo examine visual evoked potential (VEP) changes following botulinum toxin type A (BTA) administration in patients with blepharospasm.MethodsPatients diagnosed with blepharospasm receiving BTA administration were included in the study. Three groups, a control group and two study groups (patients examined 14 days after BTA administration-Study Group 1, and patients examined 28 days after BTA administration-Study Group 2) were evaluated. Dilated fundus examinations were performed following detailed ophthalmological examinations and VEP tests. Keypoint (Dantec, Denmark) and ISCEV criteria were adopted for pattern VEP (PVEP) recording. BTA was applied in the form of local injections at a total 15-30 units, at 2.5-5 units per injection.ResultsA mean 19.4 +/- 3.2 units of BTA was used for each eye. N70 (ms), P100 (ms), and P100 (uV) values were statistically significantly lower in both study groups following drug administrations compared to the control group (p < 0.001 for all). Significant positive correlation was observed between increased P100 amplitudes and age in the control group (p = 0.008, r = 0.200). Significant negative correlation was observed between the BTA units used and decreased P100 amplitudes in both study groups 1 and 2 following drug administrations (p = 0.017, r = - 0.180 and p = 0.043, r = - 0.153, respectively).ConclusionVEP may be an important method in the diagnosis and follow-up of blepharospasm and in determining the success of drug administration and additional therapeutic requirements.
